GB/T 6595-2025 PDF English
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| GB/T 6595-2025 | English | 275 |
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Plastics - Test method for fish eye count of polypropylene resin
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| GB/T 6595-1986 | English | 139 |
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Test method for fish eye count of polypropylene resin
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GB/T 6595-2025: Plastics - Test method for fish eye count of polypropylene resin---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT6595-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.080.20
CCS G 31
Replacing GB/T 6595-1986
Plastics - Test method for fish eye count of polypropylene
resin
Issued on: JANUARY 24, 2025
Implemented on: AUGUST 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Projector method (method A)... 7
5 Dynamic image analysis method (method B)... 9
6 Precision... 12
7 Test report... 12
Appendix A (Normative) Requirements for the preparation of cast polypropylene resin
fish eye film specimens... 14
Appendix B (Normative) Verification method of dynamic image analysis method... 16
Plastics - Test method for fish eye count of polypropylene
resin
Warning - People who use this document shall have practical experience in related
laboratory work. This document does not point out all possible safety issues. Users
are responsible for taking appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring
that the conditions specified in relevant national laws and regulations are met.
1 Scope
This document describes the method of testing fish eyes in polypropylene resin film
specimens, using a projector and a standard orifice plate; specifies the technical
requirements for detecting fish eyes in a continuous uniform motion state, using an
image acquisition and analysis system during the preparation of polypropylene resin
film, as well as the expression of test results and other technical contents.
This document is applicable to the preparation of film specimens using the casting
method and the testing of polypropylene resin fish eyes (method A projector method),
as well as the detection of polypropylene resin fish eyes during the film preparation
process (method B. dynamic image analysis method); the polypropylene resin film is
transparent or translucent.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential terms of this document
through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the
latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Fish eye
4.1.1 Projector
The magnification of the projector shall not be less than 8 times; the size of the
observation board shall not be less than 200 mm × 200 mm.
4.1.2 Projection area
The projection area is a screen or other suitable flat object with a flat surface, uniform
color and no pollution. The projection area is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
4.1.3 Standard orifice plate
The material of the standard orifice plate is organic glass or other transparent materials,
with a specification of 230 mm × 230 mm × 3 mm, and 3 standard holes with apertures
of φ0.8 mm, φ0.4 mm, φ0.2 mm, respectively. It has smooth edges; the aperture distance
is about 12 mm. The holes are roughly located in the center of the plate.
4.2 Specimen preparation
4.2.1 Prepare polypropylene film by tape casting method according to the requirements
of Appendix A.
4.2.2 Start cutting the specimen at 1 m from the end point of the film roll of the film
specimen; cut 3 specimens in total. The interval between each specimen is 5 m; the
specimen shall be flat and wrinkle-free.
4.2.3 Each specimen consists of 4 layers of film with a size of not less than 250 mm ×
250 mm and a thickness of 0.030 mm ± 0.005 mm. The 4 layers of film are fixed at one
corner.
4.2.4 The test size of each film layer is 190 mm × 200 mm; the total test area of 4 layers
of film is 1520 cm2.
4.2.5 The test part is more than 30 mm away from the edge of the film. When the film
width is not enough, the test size in the length direction of the film can be increased to
ensure that the total test area is 1520 cm2.
4.3 Preparation
4.3.1 Prepare the projection area.
4.3.2 Draw a rectangle of 190 mm × 200 mm or equal area on the observation board of
the projector. When the observation board is not long enough, draw the rectangle on the
stacked film during the test, or use other effective methods to ensure the film test area
and area.
4.3.3 Adjust the projector to the appropriate magnification; the projection light shall be
perpendicular to the projection area.
- Scanning frequency. Adjustable;
- Camera depth of field. Not less than 2 mm.
The distance between the camera and the film shall ensure that the camera is accurately
focused; the geometric center of the camera lens, film width and light source are aligned;
the length direction of the camera sensor is perpendicular to the film processing
direction.
The image acquisition system receives the digital image data transmitted by the camera
and collects and stores the data.
5.1.4 Image processing system
The computer receives the image data and performs image analysis, size measurement,
result calculation.
The image processing system can identify images that are not fish eyes.
Check whether the measured fish eye size is accurate according to Appendix B.
5.2 Test steps
5.2.1 Setting the matrix gray level
Set the matrix gray level according to the instrument manufacturer's recommendations,
combined with the actual test conditions and test results.
Note. The matrix gray level is usually 170 (8-bit camera).
5.2.2 Setting the detection limit
Draw a curve of the relationship between different detection limits and the number of
fish eyes. The value corresponding to the inflection point of the curve is the detection
limit of the film. Other effective methods can also be used to determine this value, or it
can be set according to the recommendations of the instrument manufacturer.
Note. The detection limit is usually 85 (8-bit camera).
5.2.3 Preparation of film
Prepare the film according to Appendix A.
5.2.4 Film detection
After the material is fully replaced and the film meets the requirements of 5.2.3, start
image acquisition and analysis.
The distance between the edge of the detection area and the edge of the film is not less
than 30 mm.
The size of the fish eye is expressed as the equivalent circle diameter. The recommended
sizes are φ0.8 mm, φ0.4 mm, φ0.2 mm (consistent with method A). Other sizes can also
be used.
The film detection unit is 1 m2; the total area of continuous detection is not less than 5
m2.After the detection, the system stops collecting data and outputs the results; saves
the image data of the fish eye.
5.3 Calculation and representation of results
The number of fish eyes of each size is expressed as the average value of 5 consecutive
tests, rounded to one decimal place according to GB/T8170, in the unit of pieces/m2.
6 Precision
The fish eye test is affected by many factors such as film specimen preparation
conditions, fish eye detection equipment, detection conditions. There is no accurate
precision test data yet. The content related to precision will be added in the next revision.
7 Test report
The test report shall include the following information.
a) Reference to this document;
b) Test method used (Method A or Method B);
c) Sample name;
d) Film preparation conditions, including melt temperature, cold roller temperature,
film pulling speed;
e) Film thickness;
f) Film size and area tested;
g) Sensor resolution (Method B);
h) Detection width (Method B);
i) Optical system resolution (Method B);
j) Light source type and brightness, including parallel light, converging light,
divergent light, interference light, etc. (Method B);
The material of the standard circle card for size verification is the same as that of B.2.1.
There are standard circles with diameters of φ0.8 mm, φ0.4 mm, φ0.2 mm on the
standard circle card; the allowable deviation of its diameter is ±5%.
B.3 Operation steps
B.3.1 Distortion verification
B.3.1.1 Make the film pass through the film appearance inspection system at a uniform
speed.
B.3.1.2 Place the standard circle card for distortion verification on the film surface
adjacent to the image acquisition system; collect standard circle images of 3 diameters
under the same detection conditions of the polypropylene film fish eye. Repeat the
collection 5 times as a group.
B.3.1.3 Use the detection system or other image processing software, to measure the
number of pixels of the standard circle image obtained by the image acquisition system;
measure the maximum number of pixels of the standard circle in the film processing
direction and perpendicular to the film processing direction; calculate the single
distortion deviation using formula (B.1).
Where.
DV - Distortion deviation, %;
Dm - Maximum number of pixels in the film processing direction, pixels;
Dp - Maximum number of pixels perpendicular to the film processing direction,
pixels.
B.3.1.4 The distortion deviation of each group shall not be greater than 2%; otherwise,
repeat B.3.1.2 ~ B.3.1.3.
B.3.1.5 If the three groups of distortion verification do not meet the requirements, the
instrument shall be recalibrated.
B.3.2 Size verification
B.3.2.1 Make the film pass through the film appearance inspection system at a uniform
speed.
B.3.2.2 Place the size verification standard circle card on the film surface adjacent to
the image acquisition system; collect the standard circle image under the same detection
conditions of the polypropylene film fish eye. Repeat the collection 5 times as a group.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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