Chinese standards (related to): 'GB/T 40662-2021'
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Technical specification for recycling and treatment of waste lead batteries
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GB/T 40662-2021
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GBT 40662-2021
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| Standard ID | GB/T 40662-2021 (GB/T40662-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical specification for recycling and treatment of waste lead batteries | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z05 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.030.30 | | Word Count Estimation | 15,137 | | Date of Issue | 2021-10-11 | | Date of Implementation | 2022-05-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 469; GB/T 534; GB/T 625; GB/T 2900.41; GB/T 3637; GB/T 6284; GB/T 8170; GB/T 9345.1; GB/T 11651; GB/T 19001; GB/T 23331; GB/T 24001; GB/T 29510; GB/T 29639; GB/T 33000; GB/T 38291; GB/T 38295; GB/T 38315; GB/T 45001; AQ/T 9007; AQ/T 9011; GBZ 1 | | Drafting Organization | Chaowei Power Group Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee for Electrical and Electronic Products and System Environment; National Standardization Technical Committee for Lead-acid Battery | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement No. 12 of 2021 | | Proposing organization | National Standardization Technical Committee for Electrical and Electronic Products and System Environment (SAC/TC 297) | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | | Summary | This standard specifies requirements for the regeneration treatment of waste lead batteries, pollution control requirements, comprehensive energy consumption, safety production and occupational health management, as well as emergency plans and personal protection management. This standard applies to the regeneration treatment of waste lead-containing batteries and lead-containing waste generated in the production process of lead-acid batteries. The regeneration treatment of waste lead-carbon batteries can be implemented by reference. |
GB/T 40662-2021: PDF in English (GBT 40662-2021)
GB/T 40662-2021
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.030.30
CCS Z 05
Technical Specification for
Recycling and Treatment of Waste Lead Batteries
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7
4 Requirements for Recycling and Treatment ... 9
5 Pollution Control Requirements ... 15
6 Comprehensive Energy Consumption ... 16
7 Safety Production and Occupational Health Management ... 17
8 Emergency Plan and Personal Protection Management ... 18
Appendix A (Informative) Schematic Diagram of the Dismantling and Sorting Process
of Waste Lead Battery ... 19
Bibliography ... 20
Technical Specification for Recycling and Treatment of
Waste Lead Batteries
1 Scope
This Document specifies the recycling and treatment requirements, pollution control
requirements, comprehensive energy consumption, safety production and occupational health
management, as well as emergency plans and individual protection management, etc. for the
waste lead battery.
This Document is applicable to the recycling and treatment of waste lead-acid batteries and
lead-containing waste generated in the production process of lead-acid batteries; and the
recycling and treatment of waste lead-carbon batteries can be implemented by reference.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 469 Lead Ingots
GB/T 534 Sulphuric Acid for Industrial Use
GB/T 625 Chemical Reagent – Sulfuric Acid
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical Terminology - Primary and Secondary Cells and Batteries
GB/T 3637 Liquid Sulphur Dioxide
GB/T 4103 (all parts) Methods for Chemical Analysis of Lead and Lead Alloys
GB/T 6284 Chemical Products for Industrial Use - General Method for Determination of
Water Content - The Loss of Mass on Drying Method
GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values & Expression and Judgement of
Limiting Values
GB/T 9345.1 Plastics - Determination of Ash - Part 1: General Methods
3.8 Waste plate group
The plate group that is scrapped due to quality reasons during the production and manufacturing
process of lead batteries.
3.9 Waste grids
Electrode grids that are sorted during the dismantling of waste lead batteries.
3.10 Waste lead paste
Powdery or paste-like lead-containing materials that are sorted during the dismantling process
of waste lead batteries; and powdery or paste-like lead-containing materials that are scrapped
during battery production.
3.11 Recycling and treatment
The resource utilization process that uses technology and process equipment to carry out
activities such as decontamination, dismantling, material sorting, and smelting of waste lead
batteries, and aims to recover valuable elements thereof.
3.12 Disposal
The activities that use incineration, landfill or other methods to change the physical, chemical,
or biological properties of waste to reduce or eliminate its hazard; or the activities that place
waste in locations or facilities that meet the requirements of environmental protection
provisions.
3.13 Disassemble
The activities that disassemble and decompose waste lead batteries by mechanical means to
facilitate disposal.
3.14 Pretreatment
The treatment processes of dismantling, crushing, sorting and the like before the recycling of
the waste lead battery and waste contained lead.
3.15 Pyrometallurgy
The technical process that extracts metal from raw materials in a molten state by means of high
temperature.
3.16 Hydrometallurgy
The technical process that extracts metals or metal compounds from raw materials through
chemical reactions in solution by chemical solvents.
3.17 Direct recovery rate
In the production process, the percentage of the actual product yield obtained by inputting a
unit amount of raw materials and the theoretically calculated product yield.
3.18 Composite recovery
The percentage that is obtained by the mass of valuable elements recovered divided by the mass
of the corresponding element in the raw material during production.
3.19 Secondary lead
Crude lead that is produced by re-smelting waste lead (mainly waste lead battery) as raw
material.
[SOURCE: GB 31574-2015, 3.4, with modifications]
3.20 Lead recycling company
The enterprises that use waste lead batteries and waste containing lead as raw materials, hold a
hazardous waste license, have the qualification for secondary lead smelting, and specialize in
the harmless reuse of waste lead batteries.
[SOURCE: GB/T 37281-2019, 3.12, with modifications]
3.21 Water granulated slag
The glassy lead-containing smelting slag that is produced by the smelting tailings in the
pyrometallurgical process of the waste containing lead at high temperature, and after being
quenched with water as a quenching agent.
4 Requirements for Recycling and Treatment
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 See HJ 519 for site selection requirements for lead recycling company.
4.1.2 The lead recycling company shall obtain a hazardous waste license.
4.1.3 The lead recycling company shall obtain a pollutant discharge permit, see HJ 863.4 for
the requirements. Organize production in accordance with the requirements of the Evaluation
Index System for Clean Production in the Lead Recycling Industry.
4.1.4 The lead recycling company shall be equipped with pollution control systems such as
waste electrolyte, production wastewater, production waste gas, waste slag and the like, as well
as online monitoring systems, alarm systems and emergency treatment devices.
subsequent processes. The dismantled waste plastic casing, waste grid, waste lead paste, waste
separator, etc. can be separated by screening, hydraulic sorting, and filtering, etc. Waste
electrolytes shall be collected and disposed of and shall not be discharged into the sewer or the
environment. The waste electrolyte should be comprehensively utilized by treatment
technologies such as ion exchange or ion membrane reverse osmosis. See HJ 519 for the
disposal requirements of waste separators. The plastics after crushing and sorting waste lead
batteries shall be cleaned and reused after meeting the requirements of recycling. See Appendix
A for the dismantling and sorting process flow.
4.2.4 Technical indicators
The technical indicators of pretreatment include but are not limited to:
a) The direct recovery rate of plastic shall be at or above 99%.
b) After the waste electrolyte is treated by the purification process, the total concentration
of impurity ions such as lead, copper, cadmium, tin, aluminum, arsenic, bismuth,
antimony, iron and others in the solution shall not exceed 0.002%; and the impurity
content shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 625. Determination of lead, copper,
arsenic, iron is according to the method of GB/T 625, while determination of cadmium,
tin, aluminum, bismuth, antimony is according to the method of HJ 776.
c) After the waste electrolyte is concentrated, the impurity content shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 534.
4.3 Smelting
4.3.1 Process requirements
4.3.1.1 Pyrometallurgy
When pyrometallurgy is used, lead-containing materials such as waste lead paste, waste grids,
waste plastics, waste separators, waste electrolytes, etc., which are crushed and sorted from
waste lead batteries, shall be collected and treated by classification. Metal lead materials such
as waste grids and waste terminal posts are directly smelted and refined at low temperature to
produce pyrotechnic lead or electrolytic lead, or alloy lead is produced by adjusting the
composition.
The pyrometallurgy of waste lead paste, waste plate, waste plate group and lead-containing
waste generally includes two methods: one method is that the waste lead paste is subjected to
pre-desulfurization treatment and then enters the reduction furnace to be smelted to produce
crude lead (i.e., secondary lead); the other method is to directly smelt and produce secondary
lead, and at the same time carry out the sulfur recovery process.
Pyrometallurgy shall carry out the production by the process proposed in Guidelines for
Feasible Technology for Pollution Prevention and Control of Secondary Lead Smelting. The
secondary lead that is produced by the smelting enters the refining system to produce pyro-
refined lead or electrolytic lead. Smelting flue gas containing sulfur dioxide shall be used as a
resource.
4.3.1.2 Hydrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy includes two processes. One process uses waste lead paste, waste grids and
waste plates as raw materials to prepare lead oxi......
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