GB/T 40408-2021 (GB/T40408-2021, GBT 40408-2021, GBT40408-2021) & related versions
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Nuclear grade isostatic graphite for high temperature gas-cooled reactor internals
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GB/T 40408-2021: PDF in English (GBT 40408-2021)
GB/T 40408-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.050
CCS Q 53
Nuclear grade isostatic graphite for high temperature gas-
cooled reactor internals
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 20, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Classification ... 5
5 Technical requirements ... 5
6 Test methods ... 7
7 Inspection rules ... 8
8 Packaging, marking, storage, transportation and quality instructions ... 9
Annex A (informative) Test methods for graphite Irradiation ... 10
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document was proposed by China Iron and Steel Association.
This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Steel
of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183).
The drafting organizations of this document: Sinosteel New Materials (Zhejiang) Co.,
Ltd., Tsinghua University, Institute of Metallurgical Industry Information Standards.
Main drafters of this document: Yang Hui, Sun Libin, Huang Dai, Wu Houzheng, Zheng
Jingxu, Shi Li, Li He, Yang Xiaowu, Liu Tao, Xu Hanchun, Cao Shulin, Mao Yuzhen,
Xu Jianping.
Nuclear grade isostatic graphite for high temperature gas-
cooled reactor internals
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, technical requirements, test methods,
inspection rules, packaging, marking, storage, transportation and quality instructions of
nuclear grade isostatic graphite used for reflector components of high temperature gas-
cooled reactors.
This document applies to nuclear grade isostatic graphite for high temperature gas-
cooled reactor internals.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1431, The test method for compressive strength of carbon materials
GB/T 3074.1, The test method for flexural strength of carbon materials
GB/T 3074.2, Method for the determination of the elastic modulus of graphite
electrodes
GB/T 3074.4, Method for the determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion
of graphite electrodes
GB/T 8719, General rule for packing, marking, storage, transport and quality
certificates of carbonaceous material and products
GB/T 8721, The test method for tensile strength of carbon materials
GB/T 8722, Test method for thermal conductivity of carbon materials
GB/T 24528, Carbon materials - Determination method of the bulk density
GB/T 38338, Test method for fracture toughness of carbon materials
JY/T 0567, General rules of inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy
analysis methods
YB/T 5146, Determination of ash for high pure graphite products
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 nuclear grade isostatic graphite
Graphite for nuclear industry that is manufactured from raw materials such as carbon
aggregate and asphalt through grinding, kneading, isostatic pressing, roasting,
impregnation, graphitization, purification and other process steps.
NOTE: In the case of fast neutron (En≥0.1MeV) irradiation, this kind of graphite needs to consider
the influence of size and material property changes on the design. It is mainly used for high
temperature gas-cooled reactor reflector components. These components also perform the function
of the core support structure.
3.2 isotropy; α
The ratio of the thermal expansion coefficient in the molding gravity direction to the
thermal expansion coefficient in the vertical molding gravity direction.
4 Classification
According to the index of isotropy, nuclear grade isostatic graphite is divided into
isotropic nuclear grade isostatic pressing graphite, nearly isotropic nuclear grade
isostatic pressing graphite and anisotropic nuclear grade isostatic pressing graphite.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Unirradiated basic indicators
See Table 1 for the basic technical indicator requirements of nuclear grade isostatic
graphite that are not irradiated.
6 Test methods
6.1 Bulk density
According to the provisions of GB/T 24528.
6.2 Thermal conductivity
According to the provisions of GB/T 8722.
6.3 Thermal expansion coefficient
According to the provisions of GB/T 3074.4.
6.4 Isotropy
Calculate according to . If , then calculate according to
6.5 Tensile strength
According to the provisions of GB/T 8721.
6.6 Compressive strength
According to the provisions of GB/T 1431.
6.7 Flexural strength
According to the provisions of GB/T 3074.1.
6.8 Fracture toughness
According to the provisions of GB/T 38338.
6.9 Elastic modulus
According to the provisions of GB/T 3074.2.
6.10 Ash
According to the provisions of YB/T 5146.
6.11 Boron equivalent
According to the provisions of JY/T 0567, the impurity content of at least six elements
Gd, B, Sm, Eu, Cd and Li shall be tested. The boron equivalent is calculated according
to formula (1):
Where,
A - The boron equivalent;
CGd - The content of Gd gadolinium element in the sample;
CB - The content of B boron element in the sample;
CSm - The content of Sm samarium element in the sample;
CEu - The content of Eu europium element in the sample;
CCd - The content of Cd cadmium element in the sample;
CLi - The content of Li lithium element in the sample.
NOTE: The coefficient before each content in the formula is the boron equivalent factor of the
corresponding impurity element.
6.12 Test method for graphite irradiation
Refer to Annex A for the test method for graphite irradiation.
NOTE: Annex A is for reference only.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Batching
Each graphite block shall have a unique traceability number. The same designation of
graphite in the same graphitization furnace is a batch.
7.2 Sampling
When sampling for testing of tensile strength and compressive strength of graphite, the
sampling quantity A specified in Table 2 shall be carried out. When sampling for testing
of graphite thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, isotropy, graphite
flexural strength, fracture toughness, graphite composition, it shall be carried out
according to the sampling quantity B specified in Table 2. When sampling for testing
of other characteristics, it shall be carried out according to the sampling quantity C
specified in Table 2.
When the testing sample is extracted, different positions of the graphite block shall be
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 40408-2021 (GB/T40408-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Nuclear grade isostatic graphite for high temperature gas-cooled reactor internals | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q53 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.050 | | Word Count Estimation | 10,184 | | Date of Issue | 2021-08-20 | | Date of Implementation | 2022-03-01 | | Drafting Organization | Sinosteel New Materials (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd., Tsinghua University, Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Research Institute | | Administrative Organization | National Steel Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 183) | | Proposing organization | China Iron and Steel Association | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration |
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