GB/T 34015.5-2025 PDF English
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GB/T 34015.5-2025: Recovery of traction battery used in electric vehicle - Echelon use - Part 5: Battery design guide for echelon use
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 47
Recovery of traction battery used in electric vehicle --
Echelon use -- Part 5.Battery design guide for echelon use
Issued on: FEBRUARY 28, 2025
Implemented on: SEPTEMBER 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 4
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Basic principles... 8
5 Design for echelon use... 10
Annex A (informative) Symbol for separate collection of batteries... 13
Annex B (normative) Factors to consider when designing a battery management system
and remote monitoring data for whole-pack echelon use... 14
Bibliography... 17
Recovery of traction battery used in electric vehicle --
Echelon use -- Part 5.Battery design guide for echelon use
1 Scope
This document establishes the basic principles for the design for echelon use of
automotive power batteries and provides guidance and suggestions on design for
echelon use.
This document applies to the design of automotive power battery systems, battery packs,
modules and secondary cells that can be recycled.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 19596, Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 20861, Terminology of waste product recovery
GB/T 25978, Road Vehicle - Plates and Label
GB/T 30512, Requirements for prohibited substances on automobiles
GB/T 32960.3, Technical specifications of remote service and management system
for electric vehicles - Part 3.Communication protocol and data format
GB/T 33993-2024, Two-dimensional code for commodity
GB/T 34014-2017, Coding regulation for automotive traction battery
GB/T 34015.3-2021, Recovery of traction battery used in electric vehicle - Echelon
use - Part 3.Echelon using requirement
GB/T 37133, High voltage connection system for electric vehicle
GB 38031-2020, Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements
GB/T 38661-2020, Technical Specifications of Battery Management System for
Electric Vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 19596,
GB/T 20861 and GB 38031-2020 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 secondary cell
The basic unit device for converting chemical energy into electrical energy.
NOTE. Typically consists of electrodes, separators, electrolytes, casings and terminals, and is
designed to be rechargeable.
[Source. GB 38031-2020, 3.1]
3.2 battery module
A combination of more than one secondary cell connected in series, parallel or series-
parallel and used as a power source.
[Source. GB 38031-2020, 3.2]
3.3 battery pack
A unit that obtains electrical energy from the outside and can output electrical energy
to the outside.
NOTE. It usually includes secondary cells, battery management modules (excluding battery control
units), battery boxes and corresponding accessories (cooling components, connecting cables, etc.).
[Source. GB 38031-2020, 3.3]
3.4 remove
The process of removing and unloading the power battery from an electric vehicle.
3.5 dismantling
The operation of dismantling waste power battery packs (groups) and modules.
[Source. GB/T 33598-2017, 3.1]
3.6 echelon use
After the automotive power battery is retired, it can be used again in the form of battery
packs, modules or cells in related target areas including but not limited to base station
backup power, energy storage, low-speed power, etc., either as a whole or after
disassembly, classification, testing, reorganization and assembly.
e) Parts that are easily damaged and have a relatively short lifespan are easy to
disassemble.
5.2.3 The structural design of battery packs and modules shall fully consider the
convenience of disassembly, including but not limited to the following.
a) The fixation of the cell in the module shall be achieved through structure and
friction;
b) The upper cover and lower box of the battery pack shall be bolted. Adhesive shall
not be used for sealing. If adhesive is required, it shall be considered to meet the
need for convenient disassembly of tooling;
c) High-voltage connectors shall use standard parts in GB/T 37133.Quick-plug
connectors shall be used for plugs.
5.3 Factors to consider for echelon use in a whole of battery pack
5.3.1 The battery pack shall be connected to the vehicle body in a way that allows for
easy removal of the battery pack without damage, preferably using bolts.
5.3.2 The battery pack shall be designed to facilitate consistency testing of modules and
cells using testing equipment.
5.3.3 The design of the battery pack shall be convenient for replacing some battery
modules and cells. The battery pack with non-modular design shall be convenient for
replacing some cells.
5.3.4 The design of the battery management system shall meet Annex B.
5.3.5 When designing a battery pack, the manufacturer shall be able to disclose the
control system communication protocol information in Table B.1 to the authorized
echelon use enterprise.
5.4 Factors to consider when designing battery modules for echelon use
5.4.1 The battery module shall be designed to be easy to disassemble and remove from
the battery pack. The battery modules shall be connected in a way that is easy to
disassemble.
5.4.2 The battery module shall be designed to facilitate consistency testing of cells using
testing equipment.
5.4.3 For batteries used in communication base station backup power supplies, the
module specifications and dimensions shall be designed according to the maintenance-
free standard box dimensions of the communication base station backup power supply.
5.4.4 For batteries used as backup power for communication base stations, the module
Annex B
(normative)
Factors to consider when designing a battery management system and remote
monitoring data for whole-pack echelon use
B.1 Factors to consider in battery management systems
B.1.1 The battery management system shall be designed to have the function of
estimating the health status of the power battery based on historical data.
B.1.2 It is advisable to have the function of obtaining stable and reliable charging stage
data based on the battery charging and discharging monitoring data uploaded by the
vehicle terminal and taking into account the constant current charging conditions of
electric vehicles.
B.1.3 It is advisable to have the function of partially opening the data recorded by the
terminal to new energy vehicle manufacturers and to echelon use enterprises. The
echelon use enterprises can make a preliminary assessment of the capacity
characteristics of the battery based on the data.
B.1.4 It is advisable to have the function of recording monitoring data for echelon use
at the subsequent two levels.
a) Echelon use enterprises can extract charging curves with complete or nearly 100%
DOD (Depth of Discharge) charging during the charging process.
b) If it is not possible to obtain complete charging data, it is advisable to allow the
echelon use enterprise to read the voltage characteristics of different battery
models, or it is advisable to allow the echelon use enterprise to select segments
with good linearity to extract and filter the terminal recorded data. The ratio of
the charging capacity of the segment data to the corresponding SOC (State-of-
Charge) increment can be determined.
B.1.5 The cumulative charging capacity during the charging phase is calculated
according to formula (B.1).
Where,
ΔC - Cumulative charging capacity during the charging phase;
I - Current of constant current charging, in ampere (A);
dt - Start and end recording time of the charging data segment, in hours (h).
B.1.6 BMS (Battery Management System) shall provide the battery SOC.
B.2 Factors to be considered in the design of battery management system’s echelon
use function
The design of the battery management system shall take into account the echelon use
process, and the functions that need to be met include the following.
a) The battery management system shall meet GB/T 38661-2020.
b) The battery management system logo shall be placed on the first viewing surface
of the battery management system product, clearly visible. The logo is not easy
to fall off. The battery management system product can be disassembled and
replaced.
c) The battery management system shall have the SOH (State of Health) estimation
function. The SOH estimation method shall be estimated using the method in B.1.
d) The battery management system shall have the function of identifying the
consistency of cells and modules, and be able to temporarily shield abnormal
batteries and perform health diagnosis on normal batteries, so as to facilitate the
subsequent echelon use of modules and cells after the abnormal batteries are
removed.
e) The battery management system shall include a software reset function so that the
echelon use enterprise can upload different battery management system software
when preparing for reuse, preparing for echelon use, echelon use and
remanufacturing.
f) The battery management system shall adopt a distributed architecture. The main
controller and the acquisition controller can be decoupled in control logic, which
is convenient for installing a new battery management system during echelon use.
g) The acquisition controller adopts standardized, modular, universal, intelligent and
reusable design, which is convenient for reinstallation and maintenance when it
is used in echelon use.
B.3 Factors to be considered in designing communication protocols for battery
management systems for echelon use
The design of the battery management system shall take into account the echelon use
process. The communication protocols that need to be met include the following.
a) The battery management system echelon use communication protocol shall
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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