GB/T 22724-2022 PDF English
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GB/T 22724-2022: Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas - Design of onshore installations
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT22724-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 75.060
CCS E 24
Replacing GB/T 22724-2008
Installation and equipment for liquefied natural gas - Design
of onshore installations
Issued on. MARCH 09, 2022
Implemented on. OCTOBER 01, 2022
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation.
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 6
1 Scope... 9
2 Normative references... 9
3 Terms and definitions... 13
4 Safety and environment... 16
5 Liquefaction device... 30
6 Storage system... 32
7 Liquefied natural gas pump... 44
8 Gasification of liquefied natural gas... 46
9 Piping layout... 55
10 Receiving and exporting natural gas... 66
11 Recovery and treatment of evaporative gas... 67
12 Wharf facilities... 71
13 Electrical and building... 72
14 Hazard management... 73
15 Automatic control and communication... 77
16 Construction, commissioning, maintenance... 83
17 Anticorrosion... 84
18 Training... 85
19 Maritime training... 85
Appendix A (Normative) Radiant heat limits... 86
Appendix B (Normative) Seismic classification... 89
Appendix C (Informative) Schematic diagram of different types of LNG storage tanks
... 92
Appendix D (Normative) Reference flow... 98
Appendix E (Normative) Additional requirements for LNG pumps... 103
Appendix F (Normative) Pipeline design... 110
Appendix G (Normative) Odor... 112
References... 115
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements for the design, construction,
operation, maintenance of onshore fixed facilities for natural gas liquefaction plants
(LNG plants), LNG receiving stations, onshore gasification parts of floating storage
facilities, LNG storage and distribution stations, LNG peak shaving stations, ship LNG
bunkering stations.
This document applies to the newly built, expanded, renovated LNG stations mentioned
above.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated reference
documents, only the version corresponding to the date applies to this document; for
undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this document.
GB/T 150 (all parts) Pressure vessels
GB/T 3215 Centrifugal pumps for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries
GB/T 3216 Rotodynamic pumps - Hydraulic performance acceptance tests - Grades
1, 2 and 3
GB/T 3836.1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 1.Equipment - General requirements
GB/T 8423.3 Petroleum and natural gas industries terminology - Part 3.Oil-gas
surface engineering
GB/T 9445 Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT
personnel
GB 12348 Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary
GB 12523 Emission standard of environment noise for boundary of construction site
GB/T 12771 Welded stainless steel pipes for fluid transport
GB/T 14525 General specification for corrugated metal hose assemblies
GB/T 14976 Seamless stainless steel pipes for fluid transport
GB/T 16507.6 Water-tube boilers - Part 6.Inspection, testing and acceptance
GB 17820 Natural gas
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 8423.3 and GB/T 51156-2015, as well as
the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Natural gas liquefaction plant
A site where gaseous natural gas is processed into liquefied natural gas.
Note. It generally includes production units, such as natural gas (raw gas) purification,
natural gas fractionation, natural gas liquefaction (5.1.1), product storage and product
loading (in ships or trucks).
3.2
Primary container
Containers, which are used to contain cryogenic liquids and in direct contact with
cryogenic liquids.
3.3
Secondary container
Container, that is generally located outside the primary container and holds
cryogenic liquid when it leaks. It is not in contact with cryogenic liquid, under
normal operating conditions.
[Source. GB/T 8423.3-2018, 5.2.25]
3.4
Membrane tank
A composite structure, that can store cryogenic liquids, as composed of a thin steel
primary container (i.e., membrane), insulation layer, prestressed concrete tank.
[Source. GB/T 8423.3-2018, 5.2.31]
4 Safety and environment
4.1 General requirements
4.2 Environmental impact
4.2.1 Environmental impact assessment
4.2.2 Station emissions
During the design process, it shall formulate plans, to avoid and reduce emissions,
which are caused by facility test run, operation, maintenance. It shall clarify the
pollutant emissions and emission limits.
4.2.3 Emission control
The following emissions shall be controlled, under the premise of safety.
4.2.4 Flaring and venting
The design principle of the station is that there is no continuous discharge of flare gas
or vent air to the flare or venting system, under normal operating conditions. Design
reasonable measures, to ensure that the waste gas generated during normal operation is
recovered as much as possible AND shall not be discharged to the flare or vent system.
4.2.5 Noise
Station design shall take measures, to control noise, to reduce the impact on people
exposed to the station and the communities surrounding the station.
Noise control at the station shall meet the requirements of GB 12523 and GB 12348.
4.3 Security
4.3.3 Climate
Climate studies shall include.
4.3.4 Earthquakes
4.3.4.1 Earthquakes are divided into horizontal earthquakes and vertical earthquakes.
Acceleration shall be described, according to GB 50011, as follows.
4.3.4.8 The return period for an SSE earthquake is 2475 a (50 a exceedance probability
is 2%); the return period for an OBE earthquake is 475 a (50 a exceedance probability
is 10%).
4.3.5 Location
4.3.5.1 During the feasibility study stage of the project, it shall finish the project site
location evaluation, to ensure that the site selection plan is compatible with regional
development. The evaluation shall include at least the following factors.
4.3.5.2 After site selection, a detailed site selection evaluation shall be conducted. The
method and scope of site selection evaluation shall consider the total amount and scale
of hazardous materials, in the proposed station and surrounding built and planned
projects.
4.4 Hazard assessment
4.4.1 Assessment
4.4.1.1 Method
4.4.1.3 Internal hazard sources
4.5 Safety design
4.5.1 Cryogenic equipment and piping design
For the pipes and equipment, the design pressures and temperatures shall cover all
expected operating and abnormal conditions.
It shall include physical phenomena, such as possible liquid impact, cavitation, flash
evaporation, two-phase flow.
5 Liquefaction device
5.1 Composition
Liquefaction devices usually refer to the process systems in natural gas liquefaction
plants and LNG peak shaving stations, which consist of natural gas purification,
liquefaction, LNG storage.
5.2 Natural gas purification
5.3 Natural gas liquefaction
5.3.1 LNG quality indicators shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 38753.
5.3.2 Denitrification facilities shall be set up, during the natural gas liquefaction process,
according to the nitrogen component content in the raw gas and the requirements for
LNG indicators in GB/T 38753.
5.3.3 The main heat exchanger of the liquefaction device can be a tube-wound heat
exchanger or a plate-fin heat exchanger. It shall take anti-freezing and thawing
measures, for equipment and pipelines that may be blocked due to freezing.
5.4 Storage
LNG storage shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 6.
Hydrocarbon refrigerants are generally stored at room temperature, whilst ethylene and
liquid nitrogen shall be stored at low temperatures. Refrigerant storage shall comply
with the provisions of 7.5 in GB 51261-2019.
6 Storage system
6.1 General requirements
The design and construction of vertical cylindrical flat bottom LNG storage tanks shall
comply with the provisions of GB/T 26978 (all parts).
6.3 Design principles
6.3.2 Fluid sealing
6.3.2.1 The storage tank shall be well sealed, under normal operating conditions.
6.4 General design principles
6.4.1 The design of the storage tank structure shall be able to withstand the actions of
load combinations, which are specified in GB/T 26978 (all parts), meanwhile meet the
following requirements.
6.5 Foundations
6.5.1 The design of the foundation shall ensure that uneven settlement complies with
the requirements of GB 51156-2015.
6.6 Field instruments
6.6.1 Overview
6.6.1.1 The instrument settings shall meet the requirements for safe and reliable
commissioning, operation, production maintenance, shutdown of the storage tank.
Instruments include at least the following.
7 Liquefied natural gas pump
7.1 General requirements
7.1.1 This Chapter specifies the minimum requirements for the design, manufacturing,
installation, testing, operation, maintenance of LNG centrifugal pumps (hereinafter
referred to as LNG pumps), as well as their drives and auxiliary equipment.
7.1.2 The design, installation, operation of LNG pumps in the station area shall meet
the safety technical requirements of GB 51156-2015 and the safety requirements of 4.5.
7.3 Specific requirements
7.3.1 Each LNG pump shall be equipped with an independent valve, to facilitate
isolation, draining, purging during pump maintenance.
7.3.2 LNG pumps operating in parallel shall be equipped with outlet check valves;
meanwhile it shall take measures, to prevent water hammer on the check valves.
7.3.3 A minimum return valve shall be configured, to prevent the pump from operating
at minimum continuous flow.
7.3.4 Pumps installed in LNG pump tanks and pump wells shall be equipped with
exhaust pipelines or have exhaust functions.
7.4 Inspection and test
Inspections and tests shall be carried out, in accordance with Appendix E, to verify the
operability of the pump, under all working conditions.
8 Gasification of liquefied natural gas
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 Function
The function of the vaporizer is to gasify and heat LNG. The temperature of the heated
natural gas shall be higher than the hydrocarbon dew point and not lower than 0 °C.
8.1.2 Material
8.1.3 Natural gas circuit
8.1.3.1 At the outlet of the vaporizer, the pipe material shall be selected, based on the
following conditions, considering the lowest temperature that may occur at the outlet
of the vaporizer, depending on the following conditions.
8.1.5 Safety valve
8.1.5.1 The discharge capacity of the safety valves of open rack vaporizers, intermediate
fluid vaporizers, immersed combustion vaporizers, ambient air vaporizers shall comply
with the requirements of GB 51156-2015.
8.1.5.2 Any other type of vaporizer, that can be isolated (blocked), shall be equipped
with at least one set of safety valves. The rated displacement of the safety valves shall
be calculated, according to the following requirements.
8.1.6 Stability
The vaporizer shall operate stably and without vibration, within the operating range.
8.1.7 Performance data
The manufacturer shall specify the following performance values of the vaporizer.
8.2 Design conditions
8.2.1 Actions
The design of the vaporizer shall include the following actions.
8.3 Vaporizer
8.3.1 Performance parameters
The design of the LNG vaporizer shall be as specified in Table 3, providing parameters
and ranges corresponding to different equipment types.
8.3.5.4 Vibration
The design shall prevent vibrations, which are caused by flue gases passing through the
water bath, from damaging equipment components.
8.3.5.5 Winter antifreeze
It shall take Winter antifreeze measures.
8.3.5.6 Microbial prevention and control
Effective measures shall be taken, during water bath operation, to prevent the growth
of microorganisms.
8.3.6 Ambient air vaporizer
9 Piping layout
9.1 Piping system
9.1.1 Overview
The pipeline system of the LNG station includes.
9.1.3 Auxiliary process piping system
Auxiliary process piping systems include.
9.1.4 Public piping systems
9.1.4.1 Depending on the type of station, the main public piping systems include.
9.3.4 Before pressure test and water filling, the pipeline supports and hangers shall be
installed and inspected to be qualified.
9.3.5 During pressure testing, the design of the system and boundary areas shall reduce
the number of "golden mouths" (welds that cannot participate in the hydraulic pressure
test).
9.3.6 After flushing and reinstalling the online instrument, when the system needs to be
repressurized, the flange connection shall be checked for leaks, including the inspection
of the "gold mouth".
9.4 Pipe components
9.4.1 General
9.4.1.1 The materials of LNG pipeline components shall comply with the provisions of
7.1 in GB/T 19204-2020 and GB/T 51257.It shall also comply with the following
9.5 Valves
9.5.1 Low-temperature valves shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 24925,
GB/T 51257, JB/T 12621.
9.5.2 Low temperature valves shall be able to operate normally, under frost conditions.
9.5.3 Under low temperature conditions, split valves should not be used.
9.5.4 Valves, which are installed on pipelines for low-temperature hydrocarbon media
and toxic media, should be connected by butt welding. The internal parts of low-
temperature welded valve shall meet online maintenance requirements.
9.8 Thermal insulation
9.8.1 General
9.8.2 Pipe insulation
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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