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GB/T 20840.102-2020: Instrument transformers - Part 102: Ferroresonance oscillations in substations with inductive voltage transformers
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Instrument transformers - Part 102: Ferroresonance oscillations in substations with inductive voltage transformers
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GB/T 20840.102-2020
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 20840.102-2020 (GB/T20840.102-2020) | | Description (Translated English) | Instrument transformers - Part 102: Ferroresonance oscillations in substations with inductive voltage transformers | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K41 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.180 | | Word Count Estimation | 52,556 | | Date of Issue | 2020-03-31 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-10-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 20840.3-2013; GB/T 20840.5 | | Adopted Standard | IEC TR 61869-102-2014, MOD | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | | Summary | This standard specifies the principles, examples, analysis and suppression methods of ferromagnetic resonance phenomena in substations with electromagnetic voltage transformers. Electromagnetic voltage transformers and other non-linear inductive components will cause ferromagnetic resonance, and ferromagnetic resonance will bring great harm to electromagnetic voltage transformers and other equipment. This standard applies to guide the calculation, simulation, experiment, measurement and prevention and suppression measures of ferromagnetic resonance in the power grid. | GB/T 20840.102-2020: Instrument transformers - Part 102: Ferroresonance oscillations in substations with inductive voltage transformers
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Instrument transformers--Part 102. Ferroresonance oscillations in substations with inductive voltage transformers
ICS 29.180
K41
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Transformers. Part 102. With electromagnetic voltage
Ferromagnetic resonance in transformer substation
(IEC TR61869-102..2014, MOD)
2020-03-31 release
2020-10-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Contents
Foreword Ⅴ
Introduction Ⅶ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Overview of Ferromagnetic Resonance 1
3.1 Basic principles 1
3.2 Stable and unsteady ferromagnetic resonance excitation 3
4 Single-phase and three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 4
4.1 Single-phase ferromagnetic resonance 4
4.2 Equivalent circuit of single-phase ferromagnetic resonance 6
4.3 Ferromagnetic resonance of capacitive voltage transformer 7
4.4 Three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 7
5 Example of ferromagnetic resonance 11
6 Electromagnetic Voltage Transformer (Key Components) 11
7 Single-phase ferromagnetic resonance circuit 13
7.1 Ferromagnetic resonance simulation circuit 13
7.2 Magnetization characteristics 13
7.3 Loop loss 14
8 Necessary information for ferromagnetic resonance research and analysis 14
8.1 Overview 14
8.2 Single-phase ferromagnetic resonance 15
8.3 Three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 15
9 Computer Simulation of Ferromagnetic Resonance 16
9.1 Overview 16
9.2 Circuits and components 16
9.3 Loop loss 17
9.4 Single-phase ferromagnetic resonance simulation example 17
9.5 Three-phase ferromagnetic resonance simulation circuit 20
10 Experimental research, methods and actual measurements 20
10.1 Overview 20
10.2 Single-phase ferromagnetic resonance 20
10.3 Three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 22
11 Prevention and suppression of ferromagnetic resonance 23
11.1 Flow chart of suppression measures 23
11.2 Operation of substations 25
11.3 New construction 25
11.4 Prevention of ferromagnetic resonance 25
11.5 Damped ferromagnetic resonance 25
Appendix A (informative appendix) The structural changes of this part compared with IEC TR61869-102..2014 32
Appendix B (informative appendix) The technical differences between this part and IEC TR61869-102..2014 and their causes 34
Appendix C (Informative Appendix) Examples of Ferromagnetic Resonance 35
Appendix D (Informative Appendix) Nonlinear Circuit Oscillation 40
References 44
Figure 1 A typical example of iron core magnetization characteristics 2
Figure 2 Simple ferromagnetic resonance circuit schematic diagram 2
Figure 3 Single-phase one-third frequency division ferromagnetic resonance 3
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of single-phase ferromagnetic resonance occurring in the outage voltage transformer
Fig. 5 The coupling capacitance between phases of parallel overhead lines leads to a single-phase ferromagnetic resonance circuit
Figure 6 Schematic diagram of single-phase ferromagnetic resonance circuit 6
Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a neutral ungrounded system prone to three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 7
Figure 8 Neutral point oscillation vector Figure 8
Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the test system 9
Fig. 10 The fundamental frequency and frequency-divided ferromagnetic resonance region obtained when the resistance is 6.7Ω under the capacitance and voltage coordinates 9
Figure 11 The half-frequency ferromagnetic resonance region corresponding to different resistances in the experiment 10
Fig. 12 The second frequency division resonance area of different modes when the resistance is 6.7Ω in the test system under capacitance and voltage
Figure 13 Three-phase ferromagnetic resonance fault recording 11
Figure 14 Schematic diagram of voltage transformer circuit and simplified analysis of ferromagnetic resonance Figure 12
Figure 15 Single-phase ferromagnetic resonance simulation circuit diagram 13
Figure 16 Hysteresis curve 14 of voltage transformer at 50Hz
Figure 17 Schematic diagram of three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 16
Fig. 18 Attenuated ferromagnetic resonance waveform at one-fifth frequency (10 Hz) 17
Figure 19 Fundamental steady-state ferromagnetic resonance 18
Figure 20 10Hz steady-state ferromagnetic resonance 19
Figure 21 Steady-state mixing ferromagnetic resonance 19
Figure 22 Voltage transformer primary winding current measurement system and secondary winding voltage measurement system 21
Figure 23 Example of one-phase harmonic (50/3Hz) steady-state single-phase resonance waveform of 220kV system 21
Figure 24 Oscilloscope measurement of three-phase ferromagnetic resonance 22
Figure 25 Ferromagnetic resonance analysis and prevention method flow chart 24
Figure 26 Circuit diagram of the installation of damping equipment in the secondary winding of the voltage transformer 26
Figure 27 Example of one-third-order single-phase ferromagnetic resonance (50/3Hz) damping 27
Figure 28 The method of suppressing ferromagnetic resonance by opening the triangular damping of the voltage transformer of the outlet interval 28
Fig. 29. Adding a damping device at the neutral point of the transformer secondary side to suppress the ferromagnetic resonance damping method
Figure 30 The method of suppressing ferromagnetic resonance damping by installing a voltage transformer at the neutral point of the primary side of the transformer 30
Figure 31 The method of suppressing ferromagnetic resonance damping by adding a harmonic elimination resistor to the neutral point of the primary side of the transformer 31
Figure C.1 Schematic diagram of single-phase ferromagnetic resonance wiring in a substation 35
Figure C.2 The single-phase ferromagnetic resonance oscillation waveform caused by the circuit breaker shown in Figure C.1 after opening 36
Figure C.3 Schematic diagram of single-phase network of three substations with single-phase 60kV voltage level 36
Figure C.4 Schematic diagram of overhead lines and tower lines between two substations 37
Figure C.5 Ferromagnetic resonance waveform recorded on line 5 of substation 2 37
Figure C.6 Single line diagram of 170kV substation (left side) and 12kV substation (right side) where three-phase ferromagnetic resonance occurs during switching
Figure C.7 Three-phase ferromagnetic resonance waveform on T04 voltage transformer 38
Figure D.1 Ferromagnetic resonance simplified circuit diagram 40
Figure D.2 Derivation of the second-order nonlinear differential equation 42
Figure D.3 A nonlinear resonance system 43
Table 1 Types of excitation and possible development trends of ferromagnetic resonance 3
Table 2 Parameter 15
Table A.1 Comparison between this part and IEC TR61869-102..2014 chapter number 32
Table A.2 Comparison between this part and the drawing numbers of IEC TR61869-102..2014 32
Table B.1 The technical differences between this part and IEC TR61869-102..2014 and their causes 34
Foreword
GB/T 20840 "Transformer" is divided into the following parts.
--- Part 1. General technical requirements;
--- Part 2. Supplementary technical requirements for current transformers;
--- Part 3. Supplementary technical requirements for electromagnetic voltage transformers;
--- Part 4. Supplementary technical requirements for combined transformers;
--- Part 5. Supplementary technical requirements for capacitive voltage transformers;
--- Part 6. Supplementary general technical requirements for low power transformers;
--- Part 7. Electronic Voltage Transformer;
--- Part 8. Electronic Current Transformer;
--- Part 9. Digital Interface of Transformers;
--- Part 102. Ferromagnetic resonance in substations with electromagnetic voltage transformers;
--- Part 103. Application of transformers in power quality measurement.
This part is Part 102 of GB/T 20840.
This section was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part uses the redrafting method to modify and adopt IEC TR61869-102..2014 `` Transformers Part 102. With Electromagnetic Voltage
Ferromagnetic resonance in transformer substations. "
This part is structurally adjusted compared with IEC TR61869-102..2014. Appendix A lists this part and IEC TR61869-
A comparative list of 102,2014 chapter, article and figure numbers.
There are technical differences between this part and IEC TR61869-102..2014, and the terms involved in these differences have been adopted on the outside page
The vertical single line (|) at the margin is marked. Appendix B gives a list of corresponding technical differences and their causes.
This section also made the following editorial changes.
--- The serial number 6.3 mentioned in 9.3 is wrong, correct it to 7.3;
--- Change the two kinds of three-phase terminal signs "L1, L2, L3" and "R, S, T" in IEC TR61869-102..2014 to "A, B, C";
--- Change the neutral point-to-earth capacitor voltage symbol UC to UeC. ;
--- Change the neutral point voltage from "en" to "3U0";
--- Change the fractional expression with remainder to the fractional expression without remainder, such as "162/3Hz" to "50/3Hz";
--- Change the line cross-section icon in Figure 17 of IEC TR61869-102..2014 from colored fill to pattern fill (see Appendix C, Figure C.4);
--- Adjusted references and added IEC 61869-3 and IEC 61869-4;
--- Change the IEC standard cited in A.2 of IEC TR61869-102..2014 to the corresponding national standard (see D.2);
--- The primary and secondary terminal signs of the voltage transformers of IEC TR61869-102..2014 were changed to "A, N" and "a, n";
--- Change the primary and secondary terminal signs of current transformers of IEC TR61869-102..2014 from "K, L" and "k, l" to "P1, P2"
And "s1, s2".
This part is proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Transformer Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC222).
This section was drafted by. State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Shenyang Transformer Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Power
Science Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, TBEA Kangjia (Shenyang) Transformer Co., Ltd.
Company, Dalian First Transformer Co., Ltd., Dalian North Transformer Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Kexing Electric Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Skyrim
Transformer Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Jingjiang Transformer Co., Ltd., Chongqing Shancheng Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Gandian Electric Co., Ltd.,
Lianhuayi Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co., Ltd.
Research Institute, State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute.
The main drafters of this section. Wang Jing, Han Yanhua, Zhang Zhongguo, Wang Xiaoqi, Wu Jingfeng, Yang Xiaoxi, Liu Hongwen, Liu Yufeng, Sha Yuzhou, Wang Rentao,
Ren Ting, Liu Bin, Yang Feng, Tang Fuxin, Xiong Jiangyong, Xu Wen, Zhang Aimin, Li Taochang, Wang Jiyuan, Liu Xiang, Zhang Benshuai, Cai Qiang, Zhao Shixiang, Yan Nianping,
Chen Wenzhong.
Introduction
Since the first half of the 20th century, many scholars have carried out research on the phenomenon of ferromagnetic resonance. R. Rüdenberg mainly studied fundamental harmonics
Vibration [1], other scholars have studied high frequency and crossover resonance. Afterwards K. Heuck and KDDettmann [2] made a detailed summary of this phenomenon
General introduction. Bergmann [3,4] conducted various basic ferromagnetic resonance experiments, and their research results are widely cited. GermayN.,
MasteroS. And VromanJ. Published related review articles at the 1974 CIGRE conference [5].
In the past 20 years, electromagnetic voltage transformers according to IEC 61869-3 and combined transformers of IEC 61869-4 have been
The problem of ferromagnetic resonance in the station has been discussed in the International Large Grid Working Group and the IEEE Committee in the United States. The results of the discussion were published in Dadian
Internet technical report [5] and IEEE publication [6].
The publication of these publications is due to the frequent occurrence of ferromagnetic resonance in the substation, so it is necessary to develop more efficient systems and equipment.
This development trend will lead to the following results.
a) The rated voltage Upr of the equipment is transferred to the highest voltage Um allowed by the equipment (IEC 60071-1 [7])
b) Increase the magnetic flux density B by reducing the iron core cross section of the electromagnetic voltage transformer;
c) By using new equipment (such as medium-voltage and high-voltage transformers) to reduce the capacitance of the substation and cause the excitation voltage of the non-linear circuit
improve;
d) Using digital instruments and relays with a load of about 1VA, the actual load of the substation is reduced, and the electromagnetic voltage mutual inductance
The device has always specified a higher secondary load (from 50VA to 400VA). However, in fact these high loads are usually not
Enough to cause ferromagnetic resonance.
Transformers. Part 102. With electromagnetic voltage
Ferromagnetic resonance in transformer substation
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 20840 gives the principles, examples, analysis and suppression of ferromagnetic resonance phenomena in substations with electromagnetic voltage transformers
Introduction of manufacturing methods. Electromagnetic voltage transformers and other non-linear inductive components will cause ferromagnetic resonance, which will give electromagnetic voltage
Transformers and other equipment cause great harm.
This part is applicable to guide the calculation, simulation, experiment, measurement and prevention and suppression measures of ferromagnetic resonance in the power grid.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For the cited documents without date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 20840.3-2013 Transformers Part 3. Supplementary technical requirements for electromagnetic voltage transformers (IEC 61869-3.
2011, MOD)
GB/T 20840.5 Transformers Part 5. Supplementary technical requirements for capacitive voltage transformers (GB/T 20840.5-2013,
IEC 61869-5..2011, MOD)
3 Overview of ferromagnetic resonance
3.1 Basic principles
Ferromagnetic resonance is a kind of non-linear oscillation, which is switched on and off in a system consisting of an inductive element with a core, a capacitor and an AC voltage source
It may occur during load and line failure.
Iron core saturation is the main cause of ferromagnetic resonance. If the magnetic flux density of the electromagnetic voltage transformer exceeds its saturation magnetic flux density
B → S, the magnetic field strength H → eff and the magnetic flux density B will have a non-linear relationship, as shown in Figure 1, its inductive reactance B ^
A sharp decrease, which lifts the generation of ferromagnetic resonance
To be effective.
Ferromagnetic resonance generally occurs in high and medium voltage substations or other local power grids. For example. when the high-voltage winding of an electromagnetic voltage transformer is
When the capacitor is connected in series to an AC voltage source system, single-phase ferromagnetic resonance may occur, as shown in Figure 2, when the neutral point of the low voltage side of the transformer is not connected
When grounded, three-phase ferromagnetic resonance may occur.
The above is the basic situation of ferromagnetic resonance. Ferromagnetic resonance can also occur in complex power grids.
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