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GB/T 20645-2021: Specific environmental condition - Technical requirements of low-voltage apparatuses for plateau
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Specific environmental condition - Technical requirements of low-voltage apparatuses for plateau
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GB/T 20645-2021
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| GB/T 20645-2006 | English | 599 |
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Specific environmental condition -- Technical requirements of low-voltage apparatuses for plateau
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 20645-2021 (GB/T20645-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Specific environmental condition - Technical requirements of low-voltage apparatuses for plateau | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K30 | | Word Count Estimation | 14,14 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 20645-2021: Specific environmental condition - Technical requirements of low-voltage apparatuses for plateau
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Specific environmental condition - Technical requirements of low-voltage apparatuses for plateau
ICS 29.120.01
K30
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 20645-2006
Special environmental conditions
Technical requirements for low-voltage electrical appliances for plateau use
Released on 2021-03-09
2021-10-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Foreword Ⅰ
Introduction Ⅱ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Category 2
5 Product related data and information 2
6 Normal use, installation and transportation conditions 3
7 Structure and performance requirements 4
8 Experiment 7
Appendix A (informative appendix) The main influence of plateau environmental conditions on low-voltage electrical appliances 9
Reference 11
Special environmental conditions
Technical requirements for low-voltage electrical appliances for plateau use
1 Scope
This standard specifies the supplementary technical requirements common to low-voltage electrical appliances in plateau environments, including definitions, relevant information, structure and performance of electrical appliances
Requirements, characteristics and test methods.
This standard applies to low-voltage electrical appliances installed at an altitude of.2000m to 5000m above sea level.
Circuits exceeding 1000V or DC not exceeding 1500V.
This standard does not apply to the low-voltage switchgear and control equipment specified in GB/T 7251 (all parts).
Note 1.The low-voltage electrical appliances referred to in this standard are GB/T 14048 (all parts), GB/T 13539 (all parts), GB/T 10963 (all parts),
Products covered by standards such as GB/T 16916 (all parts) and GB/T 16917 (all parts).
Note 2.Low-voltage electrical appliances with an installation site exceeding 5000m are designed or used in accordance with the agreement between the manufacturer and the user.
Note 3.Electrical appliances with a rated AC voltage of 1140V can be implemented with reference to this standard. The performance requirements of the electrical appliances are determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing of electric and electronic products Part 2.Test method Test A. Low temperature
GB/T 2900.1 Basic terminology for electrical engineering
GB/T 2900.18 Electrician terminology low-voltage electrical appliances
GB/T 14048.1-2012 Low-voltage switchgear and control equipment Part 1.General
GB/T 14048.2-2020 Low-voltage switchgear and control equipment Part 2.Circuit breakers
GB/T 14597-2010 Climatic environmental conditions at different altitudes for electrical products
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination of equipment in low-voltage systems Part 1.Principles, requirements and tests
GB /Z 16935.2-2013 Insulation coordination of equipment in low-voltage systems Part 2-1.Application guide
GB/T 16935 series application explanation, fixed size example and dielectric test
GB/T 19607-2004 Special environmental conditions protection type and code
GB/T 20625 Terminology for special environmental conditions
GB/T 20626.1-2017 Special environmental conditions Plateau electrical and electronic products Part 1.General technical requirements
GB/T 20626.3-2006 Special environmental conditions Plateau electrical and electronic products Part 3.Protection against lightning, pollution and condensation
Claim
GB/T 20644.1-2006 Selection Guide for Special Environmental Conditions Part 1.Metal Surface Protection
GB/T 20644.2-2006 Guidelines for Selection of Special Environmental Conditions Part 2.Polymer Materials
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2900.1, GB/T 2900.18 and GB/T 20625 apply to this document.
3.1
Plateau
Areas above.2000m to 5000m above sea level.
3.2
Solar radiation intensity solarradiationintensity
The solar radiation power received per unit area.
Note. The unit of solar radiation power is watts per square meter (W/m2).
3.3
Normal product normalproduct
Products designed and manufactured based on the standard environment specified by the relevant product standards (specifications).
3.4
Plateauproduct
On the basis of conventional products, adjust the original design and configuration to set plateau environmental conditions to achieve plateau products
Products required by the standard for normal use.
3.5
Manualsimulatedenvironmentcondition
In order to assess the environmental adaptability of the product, the environmental conditions are artificially set according to the characteristics of the environmental conditions at a certain altitude.
4 categories
This standard does not make specific classifications of low-voltage electrical products, and the specific classification of low-voltage electrical products shall be specified in accordance with the corresponding product standards.
Low-voltage electrical products can be divided into.
a) Conventional products;
b) High prototype products.
---Indoor high-prototype electrical products;
---Outdoor high prototype electrical products.
5 Product related data and information
5.1 Contents of the data
The relevant technical documents of the product should not only meet the requirements of the corresponding product standards, but also supplement the use, maintenance, and precautions in the plateau environment.
Item and other special information content, so that users can correctly use low-voltage electrical products in plateau areas.
Outdoor high prototype electrical products should be indicated in the product information.
5.2 Logo
In line with the provisions of the corresponding product standards, the following content should be added to the development and design of high-level prototype products.
The nameplate of the prototype product or the obvious part of the product should have an obvious applicable altitude class mark, in line with GB/T 19607-
The requirements of.2004.
The mark of product altitude classification consists of two parts. G× or G×-×. G-indicating product altitude classification; ×-indicated by Arabic numerals
Altitude class.
Example. G5 means it is suitable for altitudes up to 5000m; G3-4 means it can be used for altitudes above 3000m to 4000m.
6 Normal use, installation and transportation conditions
6.1 Normal use conditions
6.1.1 Altitude
The applicable installation altitude is above.2000m to 5000m, and it is divided into a grade for every 1000m.
6.1.2 Ambient air pressure, temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity
According to the altitude level, the ambient air pressure, temperature, humidity and solar radiation intensity should comply with GB/T 14597-2010 No. 4
The corresponding provisions of the chapter.
If the temperature range used by the product exceeds the ambient air temperature range specified in the normal use conditions of the corresponding product standard, the manufacturer shall
According to GB/T 14597-2010, the manufacturer stipulates the allowable limit ambient air temperature range.
6.1.3 Pollution degree
For products that meet GB/T 14048 (all parts) and GB/T 13539 (all parts) except GB/T 13539.3, pollution
The level is not less than the pollution level 3 specified in 6.1.3.2 of GB/T 14048.1-2012; for meeting GB/T 10963 (all parts),
Products of GB/T 13539.3, GB/T 16916 (all parts) and GB/T 16917 (all parts), the pollution degree is not less than
The pollution degree 2 specified in 6.1.3.2 of GB/T 14048.1-2012.
6.1.4 Lightning, condensation and pollution
Chapter 6 of GB/T 20626.3-2006 (except for the medium and high voltage parts in 6.2.2.1, 6.3.1.1, and 6.3.2) is applicable, and is modified as follows.
According to GB/T 19607-2004, my country's climate characteristics and use places, low-voltage electricity used in the following areas specified by the manufacturer
The protection requirements that the device should meet.
---The climate of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is characterized by hot and humid, more condensation, and less sand and dust;
---The climate of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is characterized by cold temperature, more sand and dust, and less condensation;
---There is a lot of salt fog in the climate near the salt lake.
6.2 Packaging, transportation and storage
6.2.1 Packaging
Should meet the requirements of the corresponding product standards.
In addition to marking in accordance with the packaging of general electrical and electronic products, when necessary, the special transportation and storage requirements should be stated in a prominent position on the packaging.
Claim.
6.2.2 Transportation
It should be fixed firmly during transportation to avoid impact and vibration. When necessary, measures should be taken to prevent intrusion of sand, dust, rain and snow, and coldness. There are moving parts
The product should be fixed and should prevent sand and dust from entering. Oil-filled and gas-filled products should handle oil pressure, air pressure and product sealing well.
6.2.3 Storage
Prevent the intrusion of sand, dust, rain and snow.
Appropriate cold protection measures should be taken.
To carry out regular inspections and inspections.
Example 2.When the product use location is 4000m above sea level, the test site is 1000m above sea level. At an altitude of.2000m and below, the standard for conventional products
The specified impulse withstand test voltage is 4kV (when the rated impulse withstand voltage is 4kV), the impulse withstand voltage test value tested at an altitude of 1000m should be
It is. 4kV×1.44=5.76kV.
7.2.4 The ability to make and break normal loads
7.2.4.1 Operational performance
Under normal load, the making and breaking capacity of various products of low-voltage electrical appliances are slightly affected. The specific number of operations and the number of making and breaking are determined by
The manufacturer stipulates in the instructions.
7.2.4.2 Life
Under normal load, the mechanical life and electrical life of various products of low-voltage electrical appliances are slightly affected, and the specific number of operations and the number of switching on and off
It is specified by the manufacturer in the instructions.
7.2.5 Critical DC load current
Under plateau conditions, as the altitude increases, the arc extinguishing ability of DC electrical products using free air as the arc extinguishing medium is weakened, thus
The critical DC load current value of the product is reduced. The specific value is determined by the manufacturer according to the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the product.
7.2.6 Making and breaking short-circuit current capability
Under plateau conditions, with the increase in altitude, the arc extinguishing capacity of low-voltage electrical products using free air as the arc extinguishing medium is weakened, and from
In terms of the degree of influence, DC products are greater than AC products, resulting in a decrease in the ability of products to make and break short-circuit current. Declining value
The manufacturer decides according to the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the product.
7.2.7 Tripping characteristics
7.2.7.1 Tripping characteristics of thermal trip elements
Products such as circuit breakers and thermal relays that use thermal trip elements as trip components are affected by plateau conditions due to heat dissipation conditions.
Change, its tripping characteristics will have a certain deviation. However, due to the different electrical and mechanical characteristics of each product, the degree of deviation is somewhat scattered
Sex. Therefore, the tripping characteristics of specific products should be adjusted and corrected under the corresponding altitude or simulated environment or equivalent conditions to meet the production requirements.
The requirements of the tripping characteristics of the altitude environment where the product is used.
7.2.7.2 Tripping characteristics of electronic components
In the plateau environment, the tripping characteristics of low-voltage electrical products using electronic trippers are basically not affected by plateau conditions. Therefore, often
When the regulated low-voltage electrical products are used in plateau environmental conditions, their tripping characteristics do not need to be adjusted and corrected separately, but electronic products should be fully considered.
Heat dissipation of power components.
7.2.8 Low temperature resistance
The low temperature environment in high altitude areas will have the following effects on electrical components.
---The insulating material of electronic equipment is hardened and embrittled, and is easily damaged after being exposed to external stress;
---The toughness of the component material decreases and the brittleness increases;
---The lubricating effect or fluidity of the lubricating oil on the contact surface of the part and the part in the mechanism is reduced, which increases the friction coefficient of the contact surface
Cause the mechanism to slow down or even refuse to move.
Low-voltage electrical appliances should have the ability to withstand low temperatures in high-altitude areas. See Table 3 for the minimum temperature values at different altitudes. According to the requirements of 8.7
experimenting.
8 test
8.1 General provisions
High prototype products should be tested in accordance with the requirements of the corresponding product standards and the new test items specified in this standard, and should meet the corresponding requirements.
Claim. When users have requirements, special tests are required.
The test items that are affected by plateau environmental conditions as specified in this standard can be tested under the following three test conditions.
a) Carry out under corresponding altitude environmental conditions;
b) Carry out under artificial simulated environmental conditions (simulation laboratory);
c) In a low altitude (below.2000m) environment, the influential test items are corrected by the method (see 8.3).
8.2 Test classification and items
The test of high prototype products is divided into four categories according to the corresponding product standards. type test, conventional test, sampling test and special test. test
The inspection items shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements stipulated in the corresponding product standards.
8.3 Method of using correction factor
The test that the plateau environment has an impact on the product is in addition to the natural environment at the corresponding altitude point and artificial simulated environmental conditions (simulation laboratory)
In addition to carrying out, the method of correction coefficient can also be used for 8.4 and 8.5 tests.
8.4 Temperature rise test
According to the provisions of 7.2.2.1, the temperature rise limit value of indoor prototype electrical products is unchanged when used in plateau areas, so when the altitude of the test site is
When the altitude of the place of use is different, the temperature rise limit value required by the test should be corrected as follows according to the altitude difference between the two.
---When the altitude of the test site is lower than the location of use, the temperature rise limit required by the test is the temperature rise limit specified by the corresponding product standard
Value minus the correction value, see Table A.2 for the correction value;
---When the altitude of the test site is higher than the use site, the temperature rise limit value required by the test is the temperature rise value specified by the corresponding product standard plus
The upper correction value, the correction value is shown in Table A.2.
If the altitude is lower than.2000m, no correction will be made.
According to the provisions of 7.2.2.2, outdoor high prototype electrical products should also consider the mutual influence of Table A.1 and Table A.2 for temperature rise test.
The temperature rise limit value required by the test should not exceed the specified value. If the drop in ambient temperature is greater than the increase in temperature rise, no correction is required.
The temperature rise test of high heating appliances (resistors, varistors) can be carried out in accordance with their product standards and technical conditions.
8.5 Dielectric performance test
Under plateau environmental conditions, the power frequency withstand voltage and shock withstand voltage test should comply with 7.2.3 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 and conventional products.
Product-related standards. When testing at different altitudes, the power frequency withstand voltage and impact withstand voltage can be carried out according to the correction coefficient specified in Table 2.
test.
8.6 Critical DC load current test
This test item is a special test item.
For products that meet GB/T 14048.2-2020, the test should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 8.3.9 in GB/T 14048.2-2020.
The test results should meet the corresponding requirements of GB/T 14048.2-2020.
Note. If the test conditions are restricted, the user shall negotiate with the manufacturer.
8.7 Short-circuit making and breaking capacity test
This test item is a special test item.
The test method for short-circuit making and breaking capacity is in accordance with the relevant product standards, and the test environment conditions should meet the conditions specified in 8.1.
The test results should meet the requirements of the relevant product standards.
Note 1.If the test conditions are restricted, the user and the manufacturer negotiate to resolve.
Note 2.For products that meet GB/T 14048.3-2017 Appendix D and GB/T 14048.4-2020 Appendix M, the user and the manufacturer shall negotiate.
8.8 Tripping characteristic test
For products with thermal tripping function, the test method of tripping characteristics shall be in accordance with the relevant product standards, and the test environmental conditions shall be in accordance with 8.1
conditions of.
The test results should meet the requirements of the relevant product standards.
8.9 Low temperature test
This test item is a type test.
Test according to the requirements of test Ab in GB/T 2423.1-2008, the test temperature is the lowest temperature of the corresponding altitude (see
Table 3), the duration is 16h. During the test, the sample is not connected to the load.
After the test, after the test product is restored under standard atmospheric conditions, check the appearance of the test product, there should be no damage that affects its use, and it should be able to be connected and divided.
Break the rated current.
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