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GB/T 20485.33-2018 English PDF

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GB/T 20485.33-2018: Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers -- Part 33: Testing of magnetic field sensitivity
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Basic data

Standard ID GB/T 20485.33-2018 (GB/T20485.33-2018)
Description (Translated English) Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers -- Part 33: Testing of magnetic field sensitivity
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard N71
Classification of International Standard 17.160
Word Count Estimation 14,190
Date of Issue 2018-03-15
Date of Implementation 2018-10-01
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 20485.33-2018: Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers -- Part 33: Testing of magnetic field sensitivity


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Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers--Part 33. Testing of magnetic field sensitivity ICS 17.160 N71 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replace GB/T 13823.4-1992 Vibration and shock sensor calibration method Part 33. Magnetic sensitivity test Part 33. Testingofmagneticfieldsensitivity (ISO 16063-33..2017, IDT) Published on.2018-03-15 2018-10-01 implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China China National Standardization Administration issued

Content

Foreword I 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions 1 4 Measurement uncertainty 1 5 Instrument and equipment requirements 1 5.1 Overview 1 5.2 Sensor Magnetic Sensitivity Test Device 2 5.3 Signal Conditioner 3 5.4 Voltmeter 3 5.5 Tesla Meter 3 6 Environmental conditions 3 7 Test Method 3 7.1 Connection of instrumentation 3 7.2 Adjustment of test magnetic field 4 7.3 Sensor installation 4 7.4 Test Step 4 7.5 Outcome statement 5 Appendix A (informative) Automatic sensor magnetic sensitivity test system 6 Appendix B (informative) Optional three orthogonal coil test method 8

Foreword

GB/T 20485 "Vibration and Shock Sensor Calibration Method" mainly consists of basic concepts, absolute calibration, comparison calibration, environmental simulation It is composed of the other five categories, and the released parts are as follows. --- Part 1. Basic concepts; --- Part 11. Laser interference method vibration absolute calibration; --- Part 12. Reciprocal method vibration absolute calibration; --- Part 13. Absolute calibration of laser interference method; ---Part 15. Absolute calibration of angular vibration of laser interferometry; --- Part 16. Calibration of the Earth Gravity Method; --- Part 21. Vibration comparison method calibration; --- Part 22. Impact comparison method calibration; --- Part 31. Lateral vibration sensitivity test; --- Part 33. Magnetic sensitivity test; --- Part 41. Laser vibrometer calibration; --- Part 42. Gravity acceleration calibration of high precision seismometers. The parts that are planned to be released are. --- Part 17. Absolute calibration by centrifuge method; --- Part 32. Accelerometer frequency and phase response tests in response to test impulse excitation methods; --- Part 43. Accelerometer calibration based on model parameter identification; --- Part 44. Field vibration calibrator calibration; --- Part 45. Vibration sensor calibration with built-in calibration coils. This part is the 33rd part of GB/T 20485. This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This part replaces GB/T 13823.4-1992 "Magnetic sensitivity test for calibration method of vibration and shock sensors". Compared with GB/T 13823.4-1992, the main technical differences between this part and the editorial modification are as follows. --- Added description of measurement uncertainty assessment (see Chapter 4); --- Added test procedures under computer control (see Appendix A); --- Added a new three-orthogonal coil test method (see Appendix B). This section uses the translation method equivalent to ISO 16063-33.2017 "Vibration and Shock Sensor Calibration Method Part 33. Magnetic Sensitive Degree test. This part is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Mechanical Vibration, Shock and Condition Monitoring (SAC/TC53). This section drafted by. Fujian Institute of Metrology, China Institute of Metrology, Zhejiang University, Shaanxi Province, China Institute, Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Suzhou Dongling Vibration Test Instrument Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this section. Fang Zumei, Yu Mei, Wu Luyi, Xu Hang, Chen Feng, Yang Jianhui, Huang Runhua, Fang Hui, Xu Minglong, Gao Jie, Lin Jun, Zhong Yucong, Li Qun, and Li Li. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this section are. ---GB/T 13823.4-1992. Vibration and shock sensor calibration method Part 33. Magnetic sensitivity test

1 Scope

This part of GB/T 20485 specifies the magnetic sensitivity test method for vibration and impact sensors, test procedures and instruments used for testing. Technical indicator requirements. This section applies to all types of vibration and shock sensors. The test magnetic field applied in this section is a sinusoidal alternating magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz (or 60 Hz) and a magnetic induction of more than 10-3 T (with Effective value). A typical test magnetic field has a magnetic induction of 10-2 T (effective value) and a frequency of 50 Hz (or 60 Hz). This section is mainly used for magnetic sensitivity testing under laboratory conditions. Note. 1T=1Wb/m2.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions are appropriate for this article. Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 20485.1-2008 Methods of calibration of vibration and shock sensors - Part 1. Basic concepts (ISO 16063-1.1998, IDT)

3 Terms and definitions

The relevant terms of ISO and IEC apply to this document, and the database address is as follows.

4 Measurement uncertainty

Measurement uncertainty can be expressed in terms of relative extended uncertainty. If the measurement signal is large, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than 20 dB, the surrounding ring The effects of ambient vibration and instrument noise floor are negligible. The relative expansion uncertainty of this part is not more than 10% (including factor k= 2). If the measured signal is small, the signal-to-noise ratio SNR is lower than 20 dB, and the measurement uncertainty caused by ambient vibration and instrument noise floor is The amount cannot be ignored. On the contrary, these components need to be carefully considered, because at this time it has become a major part of uncertainty. All laboratories and users should evaluate the measurement uncertainty according to Appendix A of GB/T 20485.1-2008 to ensure the evaluation results. Really credible. The measurement uncertainty is expressed in the form of extended uncertainty, including a factor k equal to 2 (or a probability of approximately 95%). make sure It is the responsibility of the laboratory and the end user to assess the true uncertainty of the measurement uncertainty.

5 Instrument and equipment requirements

5.1 Overview In order to make the sensor magnetic sensitivity test meet this part, especially to meet the measurement uncertainty requirements of Chapter 4, this chapter specifies the test. The instruments used and their technical requirements. 5.2 Sensor magnetic sensitivity test device The sensor magnetic sensitivity SB is the maximum output value XB,max of the magnetic effect of the sensor in the magnetic field and the magnetic induction intensity of the test magnetic field B. Ratio (see 7.5). In order to get the sensor magnetic sensitivity SB, the test should. --- Spatially, the test magnetic field can pass through the sensor under test at any different angle; --- respectively measure the corresponding output value of the sensor at these angular positions; --- Compare these output values to find the maximum output value XB, max; --- According to the formula (2) of 7.5, the magnetic sensitivity of the sensor is obtained. The sensor magnetic sensitivity test device is specially made to meet the above requirements, and its structure is shown in Figure 1. Description. 1 --- rotating shaft; 6---test platform; 2 --- bearing; 7---sensor output; 3 --- support bracket; 8---isolator; 4 --- double coil; 9--- base; 5 --- sensor under test; D---the distance between the planes of the two coils; R --- the radius of the coil; I --- current of the coil. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sensor magnetic sensitivity test device The magnetic sensitivity test device shall meet the following requirements. a) two identical coils, symmetrically mounted above the test platform and free to rotate on a horizontal plane about a vertical axis of rotation, their The radii are equal to the distance between the planes of the two coils (ie D = R, see Figure 1). b) The test platform is made of non-magnetic material for mounting the sensor under test. The sensor can be mounted horizontally on the test platform and in place At the center of the two coils. In addition, the sensor is free to rotate 180° around its geometric sensitivity axis. Test platform The mass should be more than 50 times the mass of the sensor under test. Note 1. The center of the two coils refers to the center of gravity of the two coils. c) The isolator is used to reduce the vibration of the surrounding environment. The natural frequency of the isolator should be less than 30Hz. d) An alternating current I with a frequency of 50 Hz (or 60 Hz) flows through both coils simultaneously by adjusting the current of this alternating current The strength of the test magnetic field that produces a desired magnetic induction at the center of the two coils; e) The spatial area of the test sensor, the magnetic induction of the test magnetic field should be within the range of the required field strength (1 ± 3%). Note 2. Since the magnetic fields generated by the two coils are superimposed and compensated, the magnetic field near the center of the two coils is an approximately ideal uniform magnetic field. The magnetic induction of the magnetic field at the center of the two coils is calculated according to equation (1). B=μ0×I×N R2 (R2 0.25D2) 1.5 (1) In the formula. B --- The magnetic induction (effective value) of the magnetic field at the center of the two coils, in Tesla (T); 00 --- coefficient, μ0= 4π×10-7T·m A = 1.257×10-6T·m I --- current intensity (effective value) in the coil, in ampere (A); N --- coil turns; R --- coil radius in meters (m); D --- the distance between the planes of the two coils, in meters (m). Example 1. Two coils. D = R = 150 mm, N = 333 匝. When I=5A (effective value), the magnetic field strength at the center of the two coils is about 10-2T. (effective value). Example 2. Two coils. D = R = 250 mm, N = 333 匝. When I = 8.35A (effective value), the magnetic induction of the magnetic field at the center of the two coils is approximately 10-2T (effective value). 5.3 Signal Conditioner The signal conditioner should have a low noise output and high-pass and low-pass filtering to filter out unwanted signals during testing. Extended uncertainty. 1% of gain (k=2). Prevent the sensor, test platform, signal conditioner, and readout device from forming a ground loop during measurement (see Figure 2). 5.4 voltmeter The voltmeter uses a true rms AC voltmeter. Extended uncertainty. 1% of reading (k=2). Note. Other instruments with the same or smaller uncertainty can be used instead of voltmeters, such as signal analyzers. 5.5 Tesla meter A true rms Tesla meter is used. Extended uncertainty. 2% of reading (k=2).

6 Environmental conditions

Testing should be carried out under the following environmental conditions. a) room temperature. (23 ± 5) ° C; b) Relative humidity. ≤75%; c) Signal to noise ratio (SNR). SNR ≥ 20 dB. If the SNR is < 20dB (some sensors have very small output in the magnetic field, SNR< 20dB), when measuring the uncertainty of measurement results, it is also necessary to consider the measurement caused by ambient vibration and instrument noise floor. Uncertainty component.

7 Test methods

7.1 Connection of instrument devices The connection between the sensor magnetic sensitivity test device, the signal conditioner and the voltmeter is shown in Figure 2. Each instrument should select the appropriate range and Filter gear position to improve measurement signal to noise ratio. Description. 1---rotating shaft; 4---signal conditioning instrument; 2---double coil; 5---voltmeter. 3---sensor under test; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection of the instrument Select a low noise input lead. Choose a low-range signal conditioner and voltmeter of the appropriate range. Check and try to increase the signal-to-noise ratio by turning the magnetic field power on/off. The effects of ambient vibration noise should be avoided during testing. 7.2 Adjustment of test magnetic field Measuring the magnetic induction of the magnetic field at the center of the two coils with a Tesla meter, by adjusting the current in the two coils, the magnetic field at the center of the two coils The magnetic induction is adjusted to the desired value. Note. The probe of the Tesla meter is very sensitive to the direction of the magnetic field. Please read the instructions carefully when using it. 7.3 Sensor installation Use the non-magnetic screw to mount the measured sensor horizontally on the test platform (as shown in Figure 2). The output of the sensor passes through the signal conditioner. After amplification, connect to the voltmeter. Any ferromagnetic material is not allowed to be near the central area of the two coils. The ferromagnetic material outside the coil will also be inside the coil The magnetic field of the part has an effect. Adjust the magnetic field before installing the sensor. In some cases, if the sensor has a ferromagnetic material, the magnetic field will be slightly after the sensor is installed. Variety. 7.4 Test procedure a) Slowly rotate the coil 360° while carefully observing the voltmeter to find and record the maximum loss of the sensor under test in this test plane. Value b) Replace the sensor test surface and re-install the sensor under test by rotating it to a small angle (for example, 15°). c) Repeat steps a) and b) until the sensor under test is rotated 180° about its geometrically sensitive axis to obtain a set of maximum output values. d) Compare these maximum output values and select the largest one as the maximum output value XB,max of the measured sensor in the magnetic field. The above process can also be done automatically with the help of a computer, see Appendix A. Appendix B provides another optional triple orthogonal coil test Test method. The test process should take care to eliminate the effects of interference signals such as ambient vibration and instrument noise floor. Note 1. The test surface is the plane formed by the magnetic field vector when the coil is tested for rotation. Note 2. Due to the thermal effect, the coil current may cause a change during the measurement, during which the coil current should be monitored and controlled within the required value range. Note 3. Prevent the coil from working for a long time and overheating and damage. 7.5 Expression of results The sensor magnetic sensitivity is expressed by equation (2). SB= XB,max (2) In the formula. XB,max---the maximum output value of the measured sensor in the magnetic field (effective value, converted according to its vibration sensitivity), for acceleration sensing , speed sensor and displacement sensor, their units are meters per square second (m/s2), mm per second (mm/s) and millimeter (mm); B --- The magnetic induction (effective value) of the test magnetic field to be tested, in Tesla (T). Note. The output of the sensor in the magnetic field may contain harmonic components and fundamentals (test magnetic field frequency).

Appendix A

(informative appendix) Sensor magnetic sensitivity automatic test system A.1 Requirements for automated test systems The magnetic sensitivity test device and other instruments are connected by bus and computer, and the technical specifications of each instrument are the same as those in Chapter 4. Magnetic sensitive The automated test system is shown in Figure A.1. Description. 1---stepper motor; 2---stepper motor drive/control; 3---signal conditioning instrument; 4---voltmeter; 5---Computer. Figure A.1 Schematic diagram of the magnetic sensitivity automatic test system A.2 Determination of magnetic field and installation of sensors Adjust the test magnetic field to the desired value, as in 7.2. Install the sensor under test, same as 7.3. A.3 Test steps and result processing A.3.1 The computer controls the motor to rotate the magnetic field of the coil by an angle (such as 1°), and the voltmeter makes a measurement synchronously. When the coil After rotating 360°, the plane test ends and the output curve of the sensor in this plane can be measured, as shown in Figure A.2. Note. The sensor output plane profile is expressed in polar coordinates. The pole corresponds to the sensor under test; the polar axis direction corresponds to the vibration sensitive axis direction of the sensor; the polar angle pair The angle between the magnetic field and the sensor's vibration sensitive axis direction; the polar radius corresponds to the output of the sensor in this angle direction. Figure A.2 Output curve of the sensor on a test plane A.3.2 Replace the sensor test plane, and the sensor under test rotates a small angle around its geometric sensitive axis. A.3.3 Repeat steps A.3.1~Step A.3.2 until the sensor is rotated 180° around its geometrically sensitive axis and the testing of all test planes is complete. A.3.4 The computer finds the maximum value XB,max from all test data and calculates the sensor magnetic sensitivity SB according to equation (2). In addition, The computer can also plot the distribution of the magnetic output of all test planes of the sensor, as shown in Figure A.3. Figure A.3 Typical test output distribution of a typical sensor in a magnetic field

Appendix B

(informative appendix) Optional three orthogonal coil test method B.1 Overview This appendix uses three pairs of Helmholtz coil testers. The three pairs of coils are axially X, Y, and Z, respectively, and are orthogonal to each other. test When neither rotating the coil nor rotating the sensor under test, the three components X, Y, Z produced by the three pairs of coils synthesize the magnetic field. B.2 Mechanical part The three pairs of Helmholtz coils are fixed in the X, Y, and Z directions by non-magnetic, non-metallic materials, respectively, to create a uniform magnetic field space. Be The sensor is mounted on a stable isolated test platform and located in the center of the coil. The spindle direction of the sensor is the same as the X direction Towards, see Figure B.1. Other additional coils can be used which increase the uniformity of the magnetic field and extend the size of the test space. Each set of coils represents one direction (X, Y, Z). Each set of coils is connected in series, so the current flowing is the same. Coil supply The access wires are intertwined to avoid stray magnetic fields. For mechanical reasons, the coils in the X direction and the diameters in the Y direction are different. This can be done by different currents or different The number of turns to compensate. The same is true for the coil in the Z direction. The coil typically has a diameter of 20 cm and a number of turns of 40 匝. However, the size of the coil Depending on the size of the test magnetic field required. The current supplied by each set of coils can be calculated by equation (1). Description. 1---Y-axis coil pair; 6---Vibration isolation system; 2---X-axis coil pair; 7--- movable sensor mounting bracket; 3---Z-axis coil pair; 8---test platform; 4---sensor under test; 9---base. 5---sensor output; Figure B.1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three orthogonal coil magnetic sensitivity test device B.3 Electrical control section Each set of coils is connected to its own independent power amplifier, and the power amplifier operates in a constant current source mode. Power amplifier input Self-signal generator, as shown in Figure B.2. Three sets of signal generators are part of the controller, which provides AC with accurate phase and amplitude Pressure. When the frequency and phase of each component are the same, its amplitude change determines the spatial size and direction of the desired magnetic field. amplification The controller provides a current monitoring output to the controller to keep the current at the desired value so that even a normal amplifier can be used. For the required magnetic induction B, the current can be calculated by equation (1). Another method for each set of coils mentioned above, each coil The transmission coefficient between the coil current I and the magnetic induction B can also be measured by a Tesla meter, as shown in Figure B.3. Repeatability tests are recommended. Description. A---computer; 3---coil pair; B---controller; 4---signal generator; C---sensor under test (DUT); 5---sensor under test; 1---triple orthogonal coil system; 6---signal conditioning instrument. 2---power amplifier; Figure B.2 Schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the three orthogonal coil magnetic field sensitivity test device under test condition Description. A---computer; 3---coil pair; B---controller; 4---signal generator; 1---3D coil system; 5---Tesla meter. 2---power amplifier; Figure B.3 Schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the three orthogonal coil magnetic field sensitivity test device when calibrating the magnetic field vector B.4 Test procedure If the magnetic sensitivity of the sensor is measured by the text method, the sensor is placed in the center of the coil pair (the geometric sensitivity axis of the sensor under test) The direction is in the X-axis direction) and the coil is rotated 360° around the sensor. The sensor then rotates around the X axis, such as 15°. Then keep weighing complex. The result is shown in Figure B.4. Figure B.4 Sensor output curve in the magnetic field on each test plane (all tests from 0° to 180° through the X axis) In order to achieve the same result for the three orthogonal coils, the system defines these angles as described in the text. ---Adjust the angle α to rotate the magnetic field vector B from 0° to 180° on the X axis, which simulates a single set of coils around the sensor under test in XOY The rotation on the surface. --- Then, the XOY plane is adjusted to an angle β (such as 15°) in the Z direction, which mimics the sensor being rotated around the X axis (eg, positive As described in the text section). Figure B.5 Relationship between the magnetic field direction vector B and the sensor under test During the whole test, the measured sensor keeps its direction unchanged, and the main direction (geometric sensitive axis) is consistent with the X-axis direction. Tested There is no relative movement between the sensor and the Helmholtz coil, and the XYZ coordinate system of the sensor under test is fixed relative to the instrument. The magnetic field is generated by three pairs of Helmholtz coils. The magnetic field is on the uv plane of the coordinate system uvw. The X and u axes are coaxial. Uv flat The angle between the face and the XY plane is β (see Figure B.5). Work program example. The magnetic field vector B starts at the u-axis and is rotated by an angle α around the w-axis. At the beginning, the test program sets β to zero. α starts at 0°, increments 15° per step, and has 24 steps in a circle. α corresponds to the angle at which the Helmholtz coil is rotated along the sensor as described in the standard text. β is set to increment by 15° per step, changing α, a total of 24 steps in a circle. β corresponds to the angle at which the sensor rotates around the X axis in the main standard. β is incremented by 15° per step until one full turn. In this example a total of 24 × 24 = 576 steps are completed. Of course, for each step, the sensor signal is measured and stored and displayed according to the protocol. 3D map. The entire process can be repeated with magnetic fields of different amplitudes. B.5 Field strength calculation The magnetic field required at each angle of the space can be represented by the ball equation. B= BX2 BY2 BZ2 (B.1) In the formula. BX ---X direction of the magnetic field component, BX = B · cosα; The magnetic field component in the BY ---Y direction, BY=B·sinα·cosβ; The magnetic field component in the BZ ---Z direction, BZ=B·sinα·sinβ; B --- the total amplitude of the magnetic field; -- --- magnetic field and the angle of the sensor spindle on the uv plane; β --- The angle between the magnetic field and the XY plane. When β = 0°, only the X and Y coils function; When β = 90°, only the X and Z coils work.

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