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GB/T 18779.2-2023: Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
Status: Valid GB/T 18779.2: Evolution and historical versions
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Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
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GB/T 18779.2-2023
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Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) -- Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment -- Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 18779.2-2023 (GB/T18779.2-2023) | | Description (Translated English) | Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J42 | | Classification of International Standard | 17.040.40 | | Word Count Estimation | 63,61 | | Date of Issue | 2023-03-17 | | Date of Implementation | 2023-10-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 18779.2-2004 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 18779.2-2023: Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
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ICS 17.040.40
CCSJ42
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 18779.2-2004
Product Geometric Specification (GPS)
Measurement inspection of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 2.
in GPS surveying, measuring equipment calibration and product verification
Guidelines for Estimating Measurement Uncertainty
(ISO 14253-2.2011,IDT)
Published on 2023-03-17 Implemented on 2023-10-01
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Administration Committee
Table of contents
Preface III
Introduction IV
1 Scope 1
2 Normative reference documents 1
3 Terms and Definitions 2
4 symbols 3
5 Iterative GUM method for measurement uncertainty assessment5
6 Uncertainty Management Procedure---PUMA 6
6.1 Overview 6
6.2 Uncertainty management of a given measurement process6
6.3 Uncertainty management in the design and development of measurement processes or measurement procedures7
7 Sources of errors and measurement uncertainty9
7.1 Types of errors 9
7.2 Measurement environment10
7.3 Reference elements for measuring equipment11
7.4 Other elements of measuring equipment11
7.5 Measurement configuration (excluding workpiece placement and clamping) 12
7.6 Software and Computing 12
7.7 Surveyor 12
7.8 Characteristics of the measurement object, workpiece or measuring instrument12
7.9 Definition of GPS characteristics, workpiece or measuring instrument characteristics 13
7.10 Measurement procedure 13
7.11 Physical constants and conversion factors14
8 Methods for evaluating uncertainty components, combined standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty14
8.1 Evaluation of uncertainty components14
8.2 Type A evaluation of uncertainty components14
8.3 Type B evaluation of uncertainty components15
8.4 Common examples of Type A and Type B assessments16
8.5 Black box model and transparent box model for uncertainty assessment18
8.6 Black box method of uncertainty evaluation---synthetic standard uncertainty of uncertainty components uc 19
8.7 Transparent box method of uncertainty evaluation---synthetic standard uncertainty of uncertainty components uc 19
8.8 Evaluation of the expanded uncertainty U of the combined standard uncertainty uc 20
8.9 The nature of the measurement uncertainty parameters uc and U 20
9 Actual assessment of uncertainty---uncertainty estimate based on PUMA20
9.1 Overview 20
9.2 Prerequisites for uncertainty estimation 20
9.3 Standard procedure for estimating uncertainty 21
10 Applications 23
10.1 Overview 23
10.2 Recording and evaluation of uncertainty values 23
10.3 Design and documentation of measurement or calibration procedures 23
10.4 Design, Optimization and Documentation of Calibration Level Sequences 24
10.5 Design and documentation of new measuring equipment 25
10.6 Environmental requirements and their determination 25
10.7 Surveyor requirements and qualifications25
Appendix A (Informative) Example of Uncertainty Estimate---Calibration of Ring Gauge 27
Appendix B (Informative) Example of Uncertainty Estimate---Calibration Level Sequence Design 32
Appendix C (informative) Example of uncertainty estimate---roundness measurement 52
Appendix D (informative) Relationship with GPS matrix model 56
Reference 57
Foreword
This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents"
Drafting.
This document is Part 2 of GB/T 18779 "Product Geometric Specification (GPS) Measurement and Inspection of Workpieces and Measuring Equipment".
GB/T 18779 has published the following parts.
---Part 1.Determination rules for passing or failing verification according to specifications;
---Part 2.Guidelines for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty in GPS measurements, measurement equipment calibration and product verification;
---Part 3.Guidelines for reaching consensus on the statement of measurement uncertainty;
---Part 4.Basis for determining functional limits and normative limits in rules;
---Part 5.Inspection uncertainty of indicating measuring instruments;
---Part 6.General rules for acceptance/rejection of instruments and workpieces.
This document replaces GB/T 18779.2-2004 "Technical Specifications for Product Geometric Quantities (GPS) Measurement and Inspection of Workpieces and Measuring Equipment"
Part 2.Guidelines for Uncertainty Assessment of GPS Measurements in Measuring Equipment Calibration and Product Inspection, compared with GB/T 18779.2-2004, except
In addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) Terms deleted. basic measurement task, expanded uncertainty (of measurement), true uncertainty (of measurement), conventional true uncertainty (of measurement)
Degree of certainty, approximate uncertainty (of measurement) (see 3.4, 3.6~3.9 of the.2004 edition);
b) Added the term. intermediate measurement task (see 3.5);
Chapter), "evaluation" (estimation) is changed to "evaluation", "measurement results" (see Chapter 1 of the.2004 edition) is changed to "measured results"
(See Chapter 1, consistent with VIM, the original ISO concept is wrong);
d) Added the symbol t and its corresponding description (see Table 1);
e) The safety factor and related parts of the sample standard deviation sx in Table 2 are deleted (see Table 2 of.2004 version 8.2.2);
f) Changed some descriptions in the main text and appendices.
This document is equivalent to ISO 14253-2.2011 "Product Geometric Specification (GPS) Measurement and Inspection of Workpieces and Measuring Equipment"
Part 2.Guidelines for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty in GPS measurements, measurement equipment calibration and product validation.
This document has made the following minimal editorial changes.
---Incorporated the errata content of ISO 14253-2.2011/Cor.1.2013, the outer margins of the clauses involved are marked with vertical
Straight double lines (‖) are marked.
Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document is proposed and coordinated by the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Product Geometry Technical Specifications (SAC/TC240).
This document was drafted by. Northern Test Alliance (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., China Institute of Metrology, Guangdong Samson Technology Co., Ltd.
Company, China Aviation Industry Corporation Beijing Great Wall Measurement and Testing Technology Research Institute, China Machinery Productivity Promotion Center Co., Ltd., Beijing Planning
Quantity Inspection Science Research Institute, Shenzhen Metrology and Quality Inspection Research Institute, China Machinery Research Institute of Standards and Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document. Wu Xun, Han Simeng, Wang Weinong, Zhang Qingxiang, Sun Yujiu, Ming Cuixin, Yue Chunran, Guo Jiping, Feng Shanzhai, and Zhu Yue.
This document was first published in.2004 and this is the first revision.
Introduction
In order to reduce disputes between suppliers and customers during the acceptance process of workpieces and measuring equipment, reduce the cost of acceptance, and improve the economic efficiency of products
In order to better integrate with international trade rules, my country's acceptance strategies for workpieces and measuring equipment and the rules for determining whether they are qualified or not need to be studied urgently.
formulated.
In order to adapt to my country's reform and opening up situation and meet the needs of international trade, technology and economic exchanges, GB/T 18779 is adopted.
ISO 14253.
GB/T 18779 is a general standard for product geometric specifications (GPS) (see GB/T 20308), which affects the GPS standard matrix model chain link
The 4 links of conformity and non-conformity, measurement, measuring equipment and calibration.
GB/T 18779 applies the basic GPS rules given in GB/T 4249; unless otherwise stated, the default determination rules given in this document
then applies to all GPS files.
GB/T 18779 mainly describes the acceptance strategy and qualification of workpieces and measuring equipment taking into account measurement uncertainty.
For the convenience of readers, GB/T 18779 is divided into six parts. These six parts are both interrelated and related.
They are independent of each other and together constitute the content of the acceptance strategy and qualification determination rules for workpieces and measuring equipment.
---Part 1.Determination rules for verification of qualification or failure according to specifications. Strategies for qualification verification of workpieces or measuring equipment are given; regulations
Default decision rules for verifying compliance according to the GPS specification of the workpiece or measuring equipment taking into account the measurement uncertainty of the measured value.
Then; according to the GPS specification verification, there may be handling situations that can neither be judged as qualified nor judged as unqualified.
---Part 2.Guidelines for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty in GPS measurements, measurement equipment calibration and product verification. it is based on measurement
Guidelines for Uncertainty Expression (GUM) Guidance on the assessment of measurement uncertainty in the GPS field; provides uncertainty management procedures
(PUMA) and a practical iterative approach to measurement uncertainty assessment, as well as meeting specified targets based on measurement uncertainty UE
Certainty UT requirements (i.e. UE < UT), evaluate measurement uncertainty, develop or verify (or both) measurement procedures (including measurement strips)
files) and other contents.
---Part 3.Guidelines for reaching consensus on the statement of measurement uncertainty. Specifies customer and supplier resolution of measurement uncertainty tables
It provides a way to resolve existing disputes and reach amicable consensus, and provides a way to resolve disputes regarding the expression of measurement uncertainty and reach amicable consensus.
Consensus methods and specific operating procedures.
---Part 4.Basis for determining functional limits and normative limits in rules. The main assumptions of the decision rules in Part 1 are outlined and discussed
The reasons why these decision rules should be the default rules are explained, as well as the factors that should be considered before applying different decision rules.
---Part 5.Inspection uncertainty of indicating measuring instruments. Specifies the concepts and terminology for evaluating the uncertainty of test values, providing
A method for evaluating the uncertainty of values detected by indicating measuring instruments.
---Part 6.General rules for acceptance/rejection of instruments and workpieces. It is given that when the default decision rule of Part 1 is in economic terms
This is not the best case decision rule.
Product Geometric Specification (GPS)
Measurement inspection of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 2.
in GPS surveying, measuring equipment calibration and product verification
Guidelines for Estimating Measurement Uncertainty
1 Scope
The "Guidelines for the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement" (hereinafter referred to as GUM) concept implementation guidelines proposed in this document are applicable to the industry's understanding of the GPS field.
Calibration of measuring standards and measuring equipment within the domain and measurement of GPS characteristics of workpieces. Its purpose is to provide the information needed to complete an uncertainty report
All information, and provide a basis for comparison of measured results and their uncertainties (the relationship between customers and suppliers).
The purpose of this document is to support ISO 14253-1.This document, along with ISO 14253-1, benefits all technical functions within a company
Interpretation of GPS specifications (i.e. tolerances on workpiece properties and maximum permissible errors (MPEs) on metrological properties of measuring equipment).
Based on GUM, a practical iterative procedure for evaluating measurement uncertainty without changing the basic concepts of GUM. Usually in the following situation
Conditions are used to evaluate measurement uncertainty and provide an uncertainty statement.
---Single measurement result;
---Comparison of two or more measured results;
---Compare the measured results obtained by one (or more) workpieces or one (or more) measuring equipment with the given specification (that is, the measuring instrument
Or the maximum allowable errors (MPEs) of metrological characteristics of measurement standards, or the tolerance limits of workpiece characteristics, etc.) for comparison, and verify according to specifications
Eligibility.
The iterative method is generally based on the upper limit assessment strategy, that is, overestimating the uncertainty at each stage of uncertainty assessment, iteratively
The number of generations controls the amount of overestimation. To prevent erroneous judgments based on measured results, conscious overestimation rather than underestimation is necessary. high
The estimated amount is also limited by the economic evaluation of the measurement project.
The iterative method is a method to maximize benefits and minimize costs in the company's measurement activities. The iterative method is both an economic
A method of self-adjustment is also a method of changing or reducing the existing uncertainty in measurement in order to reduce costs in measurement (manufacturing).
Law. Iterative methods enable coordination between risk, effort and cost in uncertainty assessment and uncertainty estimation.
2 Normative reference documents
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, the dated quotations
For undated referenced documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this document.
ISO 14253-1 Geometric Product Specification (GPS) Measurement inspection of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 1.Verification of compliance with specifications
Note. GB/T 18779.1-2022 Product Geometric Specification (GPS) Measurement Inspection of Workpieces and Measuring Equipment Part 1.Verification according to specifications or
Unqualified determination rules (ISO 14253-1.2017, IDT)
ISO 17450-1 Geometric Product Specification (GPS) General concepts Part 1.Models for geometric specification and inspection [Geome-
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