GB/T 10894-2023 PDF English
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Determination method of separation machinery noise
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| GB/T 10894-2004 | English | 799 |
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Determination method of noise emitted by separating machine
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| GB/T 10894-1989 | English | 799 |
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Determination of sound power level for noise emitted by centrifuger separator and filter--Engineering method
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GB/T 10894-2023: Determination method of separation machinery noise---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT10894-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.120
CCS J 77
Replacing GB/T 10894-2004
Determination method of separation machinery noise
Issued on: NOVEMBER 27, 2023
Implemented on: JUNE 01, 2024
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Test environment... 9
4.1 General... 9
4.2 Background noise requirements... 10
4.3 Wind speed... 10
5 Test instruments... 11
5.1 General... 11
5.2 Calibration... 11
6 Installation and operation of separation machinery... 11
6.1 Installation... 11
6.2 Operation... 11
7 Determination of microphone position... 12
7.1 Determination of reference box... 12
7.2 Selection of measurement surface... 12
7.3 Microphone position... 14
8 Sound pressure level measurement... 15
8.1 Quantity to be measured... 15
8.2 Uncertainty of measurement... 15
8.3 Operation of sound level meter... 15
8.4 Correction of background noise... 16
8.5 Correction of measurement environment... 16
9 Determination of sound power level... 17
9.1 Calculation of the time-average sound pressure level of the measurement surface... 17
9.2 Calculation of sound power level... 17
10 Record content... 18
10.1 General... 18
10.2 Separation machinery under test... 18
10.3 Test environment... 18
10.4 Test instruments... 18
10.5 Test data... 19
10.6 Others... 19
11 Test report... 19
Appendix A (Normative) Determination method for sound pressure level of noise
emitted by separation machinery... 20
Determination method of separation machinery noise
1 Scope
This document describes the engineering method for determining the noise source
sound power level of separation machinery using the sound pressure method under free
sound field conditions on a reflecting plane, as well as the measurement method for the
sound pressure level of noise emitted by separation machinery.
This document applies to the measurement of noise from various types of industrial
centrifuges, separators, filters and filter assemblies.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references,
the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 3102.7, Quantities and units of acoustics
GB/T 3241-2010, Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-band
filters
GB/T 3767-2016, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound
energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for
an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
GB/T 3768, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy
levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Survey method using an
enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane
GB/T 3785.1-2010, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1.
Specifications
GB/T 3947, Acoustical terminology
GB/T 4774, Terminology of filtration and separation
GB/T 15173-2010, Electroacoustics - Sound calibrators
GB/T 17248.2, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment -
Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other
4.1.2 The adverse effects of environmental conditions (such as strong electric or
magnetic fields, wind, airflow shock caused by the air emission of the noise source
being measured, high or low temperatures) on the microphone to be measured should
be eliminated, and the requirements provided by the test instrument manufacturer
regarding the effects of adverse environments on the measuring instrument should be
followed.
4.1.3 In outdoor areas, the effects of adverse meteorological conditions (such as
temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation, etc.) on sound propagation and sound
generation within the measurement frequency range, as well as the effects of
background noise during the measurement process should be reduced.
4.1.4 For outdoor areas, there shall be no reflective objects within 10 m from the
reference box.
Note. If the width of an object (such as the diameter of a pole or support column) near the sound
source being measured exceeds one tenth of its distance to the reference box, the reflective
object is considered to have sound reflection.
4.1.5 The accuracy of the noise sound pressure level measured in the test environment
specified in this document shall comply with the Level 2 accuracy specified in GB/T
19052, and the measurement of the separation machinery noise sound pressure level
shall comply with the test environment specified in Appendix A.
4.2 Background noise requirements
The measurement shall be carried out in a quiet environment. In the entire measurement
environment, the difference between the sound pressure level measured at each measure
point when the separation machinery is working and the background noise sound
pressure level shall not be less than 6 dB, and should be greater than 15 dB. If the
difference between the sound pressure level of the background noise and the sound
source noise being measured is less than 6 dB and greater than 3 dB, the test method of
GB/T 3768 shall be used.
4.3 Wind speed
During measurement, the wind speed near the measure point shall be less than 6 m/s
(equivalent to level 3 to 4 wind). When the wind speed is greater than 1 m/s, the
microphone shall be provided with a wind shield.
5 Test instruments
5.1 General
The instrument system, including microphone, sound level meter, cable and wind shield,
shall meet the requirements of Level 1 in GB/T 3785.1-2010.The filter shall comply
with the requirements of Level 1 in GB/T 3241-2010.
5.2 Calibration
5.2.1 Before and after each measurement, the entire test instrument system shall be
calibrated at one or more frequencies using a sound calibrator that meets the Level 1
accuracy requirements of GB/T 15173-2010.If the difference between the calibration
values before and after the measurement exceeds 0.5 dB, the measurement is invalid.
5.2.2 Sound calibrators shall be calibrated regularly in accordance with JJG 176, and
sound level meters and other test instruments shall be calibrated regularly in accordance
with JJG 188 to ensure the accuracy of the test instruments.
6 Installation and operation of separation machinery
6.1 Installation
6.1.1 The installation of separation machinery shall comply with the relevant product
standards and technical requirements. All accessories shall be installed completely, but
no additional sound insulation and sound absorption components shall be added.
6.1.2 Generally, the separation machinery shall be placed directly on the ground or on
a test platform for noise measurement. It can also be measured according to the actual
installation position, which shall be stated in the test report.
6.2 Operation
6.2.1 The separation machinery shall be started and operated under the operating
conditions specified in the relevant product standards or technical documents, and the
noise measurement shall be carried out after the operation is stable.
6.2.2 Under no-load operation, for fully enclosed separation machinery, the inlet and
outlet can be closed to prevent the noise generated by the airflow at the inlet and outlet
from affecting the test; when measuring open-type separation machinery (such as filter
centrifuge), if necessary, it is allowed to attach hard paper or filter media to the inner
wall of the drum to prevent the additional noise caused by the rotation of the holes.
7 Determination of microphone position
7.1 Determination of reference box
7.1.1 In order to facilitate the selection of the shape and size of the measurement surface
and determine the position of the microphone, a minimum parallelepiped that just
surrounds the separation machinery to be measured shall be taken as the reference box.
When determining the reference box, small protruding parts on the separation
machinery that do not radiate obvious sound (such as handles, connecting pipes, etc.)
can be ignored.
7.1.2 If necessary, in order to measure the emission sound pressure level next to the
noise source in accordance with GB/T 17248.2, a test bench as small as possible should
be used.
7.1.3 This document only specifies the determination of the reference box on one
reflecting plane. This document is not applicable to the measurement environment with
two or three reflecting planes.
7.2 Selection of measurement surface
7.2.1 General
The schematic diagrams of the hemispherical measurement surface and the
parallelepiped measurement surface shall comply with the provisions of Appendix B.
When measuring, the appropriate measurement surface shall be selected according to
the overall dimensions of the separation machinery in accordance with Appendix B.
Hemispherical measurement surface is preferred.
7.2.2 Hemispherical measurement surface
7.2.2.1 The center of the hemispherical measurement surface is the projection of the
geometric center of the reference box on the reflecting plane (which shall comply with
the provisions of Appendix B). The measurement radius r shall be equal to or greater
than 2d0 (d0 is the characteristic source dimension), and 1m ≤ r ≤ 16m.
Calculate the characteristic source dimension according to Formula (1).
Where.
d0 – characteristic source dimension, in meters (m);
l1, l2, l3 – length, width and height of the reference box, in meters (m).
l3 – height of the reference box, in meters (m).
7.3 Microphone position
7.3.1 All microphones shall be located on the measurement surface determined in 7.2
and the microphones shall point to the geometric center of the reference box during
measurement.
7.3.2 The microphone position and coordinates – divided into basic position and
additional position – on the hemispherical measurement surface shall comply with the
provisions of B.1.Under the following situations, there shall be additional positions.
a) The variation range (i.e., the difference between the highest sound level and
the lowest sound level) of the A-weighted sound pressure level measured at
the basic position exceeds 10 dB;
b) The A-weighted apparent directivity index of the separation machinery noise
measured exceeds 5 dB in any direction. The determination of the apparent
directivity index shall comply with the provisions of 3.24 of GB/T 3767-2016.
The coordinates of the additional microphone positions can be measured, by rotating
180° from the coordinates of the basic positions, at the original basic microphone
positions (these measurement positions are microphone positions 11 ~ 20).
Alternatively, lift the separation machinery to be tested; keep the projection geometric
center position of the reference box on the reflecting plane unchanged; rotate it 180°;
keep the original microphone positions unchanged, which are the microphone positions
11 ~ 20.
For larger separation machinery, the noise source only comes from small areas of the
machinery, such as the opening of the closed machinery. The measurement of additional
microphone positions shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 8.1.1 of
GB/T 3767-2016.
7.3.3 The microphone positions on the parallelepiped measuring surface are divided
into basic positions and additional positions. There are 9 basic positions and 8 additional
positions. The microphone positions and coordinates shall comply with the provisions
of B.2.Under the following situations, there shall be additional positions.
a) The variation range (i.e., the difference between the highest sound level and
the lowest sound level) of the A-weighted sound pressure level measured at
the basic position exceeds the number of measure points;
b) The A-weighted apparent directivity index of the separation machinery noise
measured exceeds 5 dB in any direction. The determination of the apparent
directivity index shall comply with the provisions of 3.24 of GB/T 3767-2016;
c) The dimension of any side of the reference box is greater than 2 m.
Appendix A
(Normative)
Determination method for sound pressure level of noise emitted by separation
machinery
A.1 Measurement conditions
A.1.1 Overview
The accuracy of the sound pressure level of noise emitted by the separation machinery
determined according to the method given in this Appendix is Class 3.
A.1.2 Measurement environment
Measure the sound pressure level of noise emitted by separation machinery, where the
measurement environment shall meet the following points.
a) The separation machinery shall be measured in a free sound field on a
reflecting plane (that is, when the measurement distance is doubled, the
measured A sound level shall be reduced by more than 5 dB). Unsatisfactory
measurement environment shall be recorded and explained;
b) When measuring, there shall be no reflective objects within 1 m around the
microphone under any circumstances; when reading, the distance between the
operator and the microphone shall be greater than 0.5 m;
c) During measurement, environmental and meteorological conditions shall
comply with the provisions of 4.1.2 and 4.1.3, and wind speed shall comply
with the provisions of 4.3.
A.1.3 Background noise
The measurement shall be carried out in a quiet environment. In the entire measurement
environment, the difference between the sound pressure level measured at each measure
point when the separation machinery is working and the background noise sound
pressure level shall not be less than 3 dB, and should be greater than 10 dB. When the
difference is 3 dB ~ 10 dB, make corrections according to Table A.1.
Appendix C
(Normative)
Determination of environmental correction K2
C.1 Environmental correction
C.1.1 Overview
This Appendix specifies the use of the absolute comparison test method (reference
sound source method) to determine the environmental correction. This method can be
used both indoors and outdoors. It is the preferred method for characterizing the test
environment, especially when frequency band data is required and the noise source
being measured can be moved away from the test site.
C.1.2 Correction method
Place the reference sound source certified according to JJG 277 in the test environment
at the same location as the separation machinery under test; measure and calculate the
sound power level of the reference sound source according to the methods in Chapters
8 and 9 (set the environmental correction term to zero). When the reference sound
source is placed in multiple positions, measure the average surface sound pressure level
𝐿തതത, and calculate according to Formula (C.1).
Where.
𝐿തതത – average sound pressure level on the measurement surface, in decibels (dB);
N – total number of measure points;
M – reference sound source placement points;
Lpij – the sound pressure level at the jth reference sound source placement point at the
ith measure point, in decibels (dB).
Calculate the environmental correction K according to Formula (C.2).
Where.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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