GB 51210-2016 PDF English
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Unified standard for safety of scaffold in construction
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GB 51210-2016: Unified standard for safety of scaffold in construction---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB51210-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 51210-2016
Unified standard for safety of scaffold in construction
Issued on. DECEMBER 02, 2016
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2017
Issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's
Republic of China
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC.
Unified standard for safety of scaffold in construction
Main drafting organizations. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the
People's Republic of China
Approved by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's
Republic of China
Date of implementation. July 1, 2017
China Construction Industry Press
2016 Beijing
Announcement from the Ministry of Housing and Urban-
Rural Development of the People's Republic of China
No.1383
Table of Contents
Foreword... 5
1 General provisions... 8
2 Terms and symbols... 8
3 Basic requirements... 14
4 Materials and accessories... 16
5 Load... 20
6 Design... 24
7 Structural testing and analysis... 41
8 Detailing requirements... 47
9 Installation and dismantlement... 54
10 Quality control... 56
11 Safety management... 58
Appendix A Mechanics testing methods of scaffold... 61
A.1 Mechanics testing methods of accessories... 61
A.2 Mechanics testing methods of scaffold structure... 69
Explanation of wording in this standard... 76
List of quoted standards... 77
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to unify the design, construction, use,
management of construction scaffolding and ensure that it is technologically advanced,
safe, applicable, economical, reasonable.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the design, construction, use, management of scaffolding
for housing construction projects and municipal engineering construction.
1.0.3 In addition to complying with this standard, the design, construction, use,
management of construction scaffolding shall also comply with the relevant national
standards.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Scaffold
It is a structural frame composed of rods or structural units and accessories that are
reliably connected, can withstand corresponding loads, has safety protection functions,
provides operating conditions for building construction. It includes operation scaffold
and shoring scaffold.
2.1.2 Operation scaffold
Scaffolding which is composed of rods or structural units and accessories through
reliable connections, supported on the ground, buildings or attached to engineering
structures, to provide a working platform and safety protection for construction. It
includes floor-standing operation scaffold, cantilever scaffold, attached lifting scaffold,
etc. as formed by various types of rods (components), which are referred to as operation
scaffold.
3 Basic requirements
3.1 General requirements
3.1.1 Before scaffolding installation and dismantlement, a special construction plan
shall be prepared according to the characteristics of the project; its implementation shall
be organized after approval.
3.1.2 The structural design of the scaffolding shall be able to ensure the stability of the
scaffolding structural system.
3.1.4 Scaffolding shall be reasonably constructed, firmly connected, easy to erect and
dismantle, safe and reliable to use.
3.2 Safety levels and safety factors
4 Materials and accessories
4.0.1 The steel pipes used for scaffolding shall be ordinary steel pipes, which are
specified in the current national standard "Straight seam welded steel pipe" GB/T 13793
or "Welded steel pipes for low pressure liquid delivery" GB/T 3091; their materials
shall comply with the steel grade Q235 requirements of current national standards
"Carbon structural steels" GB/T 700, or the steel grade Q345 requirements of "High
strength low alloy structural steels" GB/T 1591.
4.0.3 The material of structural parts made of cast iron or cast steel shall comply with
the requirements of KTH-330-08 in the current national standard "Malleable iron
castings" GB/T 9440 or ZG270-500 in "Carbon steel castings for general engineering
purpose" GB/T 11352.
4.0.7 The base plate and base jack shall be processed and manufactured after design
and calculation; their materials shall comply with the steel grade Q235 requirements of
current national standards "Carbon structural steels" GB/T 700, or the steel grade Q345
requirements of "High strength low alloy structural steels" GB/T 1591.Meanwhile it
shall also comply with the following requirements.
4.0.9 The materials of steel lifting rings or embedded anchor bolts shall comply with
the provisions of the current national standard "Code for design of concrete structures"
GB 50010.
4.0.10 The wire ropes used in scaffolding shall comply with the requirements of current
national standards "Steel wire ropes for general purpose" GB/T 20118, "Quality steel
wire ropes" GB/T 8918, "General purpose thimbles for use with steel wire ropes" GB/T
5974.1, "Wire rope grips" GB/T 5976.
4.0.14 Scaffolding accessories shall have good interchangeability and be reusable. The
exit-factory quality of accessories shall meet the requirements of the current relevant
national product standards. The appearance quality of rods and accessories shall comply
with the following requirements.
4.0.15 Factory-made accessories shall have the manufacturer’s logo.
5 Load
5.1 Load classification and normal value
5.1.1 The load acting on the scaffold shall be divided into permanent load and variable
load.
5.1.4 The standard value of the permanent load of the scaffold shall comply with the
following requirements.
5.1.6 Vibrating and impacting objects on the scaffold shall be calculated into the
standard value of variable load, based on their own weight multiplied by the dynamic
factor. The possible value of the dynamic factor is 1.35.
5.1.7 The standard value of horizontal wind load acting on the scaffold shall be
calculated according to the following formula.
5.2 Load combination
5.2.1 Scaffolding design shall be based on the loads that may occur simultaneously on
the scaffold, during normal installation and use. Load combinations shall be carried out
according to the load-bearing capacity limit state and the serviceability limit state; the
most unfavorable load combination shall be used for design.
5.2.3 When designing the normal serviceability limit state of the scaffolding structure
and accessories, the standard combination of loads shall be adopted in accordance with
the following provisions.
6 Design
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Scaffolding design shall adopt the limit state design method based on probability
theory and calculate with partial factor design expressions.
6.1.2 The load-bearing structure of the scaffold shall be designed according to the load-
bearing capacity limit state and the serviceability limit state; it shall also comply with
the following requirements.
6.1.3 Scaffolding shall be designed according to normal installation and normal use
conditions; temporary effects, accidental effects, seismic loads may not be taken into
account.
6.1.7 The design value of the bearing capacity of the scaffolding rod's connection nodes
shall comply with the following requirements.
6.1.8 The technical parameters, such as the design value of steel strength of steel pipe
scaffold, shall comply with the following requirements.
6.1.9 The technical parameters, such as the design value of wood strength of wooden
scaffold, shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for
design of timber structures" GB 50005.
6.2.2 The bearing capacity of scaffolding rod's connection nodes shall meet the
following requirements.
6.2.4 Calculation of stable bearing capacity of operation scaffold standards (gate
scaffolding standards) shall comply with the following requirements.
6.3 Serviceability limit state
6.3.1 When the scaffolding structure or accessories are designed according to the
serviceability limit state, they shall meet the following requirements.
6.3.2 When designing according to the serviceability limit state, the calculation of the
standard value of the permanent load shall comply with the following provisions.
7 Structural testing and analysis
7.1 General requirements
7.1.1 The structural analysis of scaffolding shall include the load effect analysis and
resistance analysis of the scaffolding structure, scaffolding structure accessories, rod
connection nodes, which can be carried out by simulation calculation, model testing
and structural testing.
7.1.3 The physical and mechanical properties of scaffold accessories shall be
determined or verified through tests. During type inspection of scaffold accessories, the
following tests shall be carried out.
7.1.5 The test of scaffold structure and scaffold structure accessories shall adopt random
sampling method to select test pieces; the sample for testing shall be representative of
the technical quality characteristics of the materials and accessories under inspection.
7.2 Frame test and analysis
7.2.1 The basic assumptions and calculation models used in the structural analysis of
the scaffold shall be determined based on the structure, construction, stress
characteristics of the scaffold in its working state. When the structure and construction
of the scaffold change, the calculation parameters of the scaffold shall be re-determined.
7.2.3 The scaffolding structure test shall be carried out using the unit structure test
method; the unit structure test results shall be compared and analyzed with the model
test results to comprehensively determine the bearing capacity value of the scaffolding
structure, which shall comply with the following requirements.
7.3.4 When analyzing the bearing capacity of scaffolding rod's connection nodes, the
impact of possible elastic deformation of the scaffold on the node bearing capacity shall
be taken into account; corrections shall be made through tests or theoretical analysis
when necessary.
8 Detailing requirements
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 The structure and assembly process of the scaffold shall be able to meet the
construction needs; the structure shall be ensured to be firm and stable.
8.1.5 Bamboo scaffold shall only be used for operation scaffold and floor-to-ceiling
shoring scaffold, whilst wooden scaffold can be used for operation scaffold and shoring
scaffold. The structure and node connection technical requirements of bamboo and
wooden scaffold shall comply with the provisions of the current national standards
related to scaffold.
8.2 Operation scaffold
8.2.1 The width of the operation scaffold shall not be less than 0.8 m and should not be
greater than 1.2 m. The height of the working floor shall not be less than 1.7 m and
should not be greater than 2.0 m.
8.2.3 Vertical scissor braces shall be installed on the longitudinal outer facade of the
operation scaffold, which shall meet the following requirements.
8.2.5 Vertical and horizontal bottom reinforcing tubes shall be installed on the bottom
standards of the operation scaffold.
8.2.6 The bottom of the cantilever scaffolding standard shall be reliably connected to
the cantilever support structure; a longitudinal bottom reinforcing tube shall be set at
the bottom of the standard; horizontal scissor braces or horizontal diagonal braces shall
be set intermittently.
8.3 Shoring scaffold
8.3.1 The spacing and lift height between standards of shoring scaffold shall be
determined according to design calculations; the spacing should not be greater than 1.5
m; the lift height shall not be greater than 2.0 m.
8.3.2 The aspect ratio of the independent scaffold for the shoring scaffold shall not be
greater than 3.0.
8.3.13 The length of the adjustable base plate and adjustable base jack of the shoring
scaffold, as inserted into the standards, shall not be less than 150 mm; the extension
length of the adjustable screw shall not be greater than 300 mm. When the extension
length of the adjustment screw of adjustable base jack is relatively large, it should
provide limiting measures in the horizontal direction; the extension length of the
adjustable screw shall be determined according to calculations.
9 Installation and dismantlement
9.0.1 Scaffold installation and dismantlement operations shall be carried out according
to the special construction plan.
9.0.2 Before scaffold installation operations, safety technical briefings shall be given to
the workers.
9.0.5 The installation of tie members of operation scaffold must comply with the
following requirements.
9.0.7 After the attached lifting scaffold is assembled in place, it shall be inspected, lifted,
and debugged according to requirements. It can be put into use only after meeting the
requirements.
9.0.8 The dismantling of scaffold must comply with the following requirements.
9.0.10 Heavy hammering or prying is not allowed during the dismantling of scaffolding.
The dismantled rods and accessories shall be transported to the ground mechanically or
manually; throwing is strictly prohibited.
9.0.11 When shoring scaffold is continuously erected on multi-story floors, the impact
of load transfer between multi-story floors on the shoring scaffold and building
structure shall be analyzed. The standards of the shoring scaffold on the upper and lower
floors should be set in opposite direction.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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