GB 50174-2017 PDF English
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Code for design of data centers
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Code for design of electronic information system room
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GB 50174-2017: Code for design of data centers---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB50174-2017
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 50174-2017
Code for design of data centers
Issued on. MAY 04, 2017
Implemented on. JANUARY 01, 2018
Issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC;
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC.
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Code for design of data centers
Main drafting organization. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of
PRC
Approved by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC
Date of implementation. January 01, 2018
Table of Contents
Foreword... 6
1 General provisions... 9
2 Terms and symbols... 10
3 Rating classification and required features... 16
4 Site selection and equipment layout... 18
5 Environmental requirement... 21
6 Building and structure... 22
7 Air conditioning... 26
8 Electrical systems... 31
9 Electromagnetic shielding... 37
10 Network and cabling system... 39
11 Intelligent system... 42
12 Water supply and drainage... 45
Appendix A -- Technical requirements for data center ratings... 50
Explanation of wording in this code... 59
List of quoted standards... 60
1 General provisions
1.0.1 To standardize the design of the data center, ensure that the electronic
information system operates safely, stably and reliably, make the technology
advanced, economically reasonable, safe and applicable, energy saving and
environmental protection, it hereby formulates this code.
1.0.2 This code applies to the design of newly built, rebuilt, expanded data
centers.
1.0.3 The design of the data center shall follow the principle of coordination
between the recent construction scale and the long-term development plan.
1.0.4 In addition to complying with this code, the design of the data center shall
also comply with the relevant national standards.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Data center
A building site that provides an operating environment for a centralized
electronic information equipment, which may be one or several buildings, or
may be part of a building, including a computer room, an auxiliary area, a
support area, an administrative area.
2.1.2 Computer room
A building space which is mainly used for the installation and operation of data
processing equipment, including the server room, network room, storage room
and other functional areas.
2.1.3 Auxiliary area
A place for installation, commissioning, maintenance, operation monitoring and
management of electronic information equipment and software, including wire-
incoming room, test equipment rooms, general control centers, fire and security
control rooms, unpacking areas, spare parts warehouses, printing rooms,
maintenance room and other areas.
2.1.10 Infrastructure
In this code, it refers to facilities that provide operational support for electronic
information equipment in data centers.
2.1.11 Electronic information equipment
Equipment for collecting, processing, computing, storing, transmitting,
retrieving electronic information, including servers, switches, storage devices, etc.
2.1.15 Electromagnetic interference (EMI)
A decrease in the performance of a device, equipment, or system caused by
electromagnetic disturbances.
2.1.16 Electromagnetic shielding
The use of conductive material to reduce the penetration of the alternating
electromagnetic field into the designated area.
2.1.17 Electromagnetic shielding enclosure
A building space which is specifically designed to attenuate and isolate the
internal or external electric and magnetic fields.
2.1.18 Cut-off waveguide vent
A device which integrates the cut-off waveguide with the vent, which allows air
to circulate and attenuate electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency range.
2.1.19 Modular electromagnetic shielding enclosure
An electromagnetic shielding enclosure which, according to the design
requirements, has modular structures and is assembled at construction site by
the pre-formed shielding enclosure modular plate, structural member, shielding
components, etc.
3 Rating classification and required features
3.1 Rating classification
3.1.1 Data centers shall be divided into three levels. A, B, C. During design, it
shall, based on the usage nature of the data center, the economic or social loss
or impact due to the loss of data or the interruption of network, determine the level.
3.1.2 A data center that meets one of the following conditions shall be level A.
3.1.3 A data center that meets one of the following conditions shall be level B.
3.1.4 Data centers that are not level A or level B shall be Level C.
3.1.5 The business recovery data center established in the same city or in
different places should be designed at the same level as the primary data center.
3.1.6 The data center’s infrastructure components should be designed
according to the same level of technical requirements; or can be designed
according to different levels of technical requirements. When the components
are designed according to different levels, the level of the data center shall be
determined according to the lowest level of the components.
3.2 Required features
3.2.1 The infrastructure of the level A data center shall be configured according
to the fault-tolerant system. During the operation of the electronic information
system, the infrastructure shall ensure the normal operation of the electronic
information system after an accident or maintenance or overhaul of the single-
system equipment.
3.2.2 When the level A data center meets the following requirements at the
same time, the power supply of the electronic information equipment can be
combined with the power supply mode of the uninterruptible power supply
system and the mains power supply system.
3.2.3 When two or more data centers located in different areas are constructed
at the same time and are mutually backup, the data is transmitted in real time,
the service meets the continuity requirements, the data center’s infrastructure
can be configured according to the fault-tolerant system, or redundant system.
4 Site selection and equipment layout
4.1 Site selection
4.1.1 Data center location shall be selected according to the following
requirements.
4.1.2 For the data center at a local area in the building, when determining the
location of the computer room, it shall conduct comprehensive analysis and
economic comparison for such issues as safety, equipment transportation,
pipeline laying, lightning induction, structural load, flooding, installation location
of outdoor equipment of the air conditioning system.
4.2 Composition
4.2.1 The composition of the data center shall be determined according to the
operating characteristics of the system and the specific requirements of the
equipment. It should be composed of the computer room, auxiliary area,
support area, administrative area, other functional areas.
4.3 Equipment layout
4.3.1 All types of equipment in the data center shall be arranged according to
the process design. They shall meet the requirements of system operation,
operation management, personnel operation and safety, equipment and
material transportation, equipment heat dissipation, installation and
maintenance.
4.3.2 The mutual standby equipment in the fault-tolerant system shall be
arranged in different physical compartments; the mutual standby pipelines
should be laid along different paths.
4.3.3 When the equipment in the cabinet (rack) is the front air-incoming (rear
air-outgoing) cooling mode, meanwhile the cabinet structure does not use
closed cold air channel or closed hot air channel, the cabinet (rack) should be
arranged face to face, back to back..
4.3.4 The distance between the channel and the equipment in the computer
room shall meet the following requirements.
5 Environmental requirement
5.1 Temperature, dew point temperature and airborne particle
concentration
5.1.1 The temperature, dew point temperature and relative humidity in the
computer room and auxiliary area shall meet the requirements for the use of
electronic information equipment.
5.1.2 The airborne particle concentration in the computer room shall be tested
under static or dynamic conditions. The number of suspended particles with a
particle size greater than or equal to 0.5 µm per cubic meter of air shall be less
5.2 Noise, electromagnetic interference, vibration and static
electricity
5.2.1 In the enterprise command center, the noise value measured at the long-
term fixed working position shall be less than 60 dB(A).
5.2.3 Under the condition of electronic information equipment shutdown, the
vertical and horizontal vibration acceleration of the floor surface of the computer
room shall not exceed 500 mm/s2.
5.2.4 The absolute value of the electrostatic voltage of the insulator in the
computer room and auxiliary area shall not be greater than 1 kV.
6 Building and structure
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 The design of the building and structure shall be carried out in accordance
with the level of the data center in accordance with Appendix A of this Code.
6.1.2 The layout and building plane and space shall be flexible and shall meet
the process requirements of the data center.
6.1.7 The seismic fortification category of the data center shall not be lower than
category C. The seismic fortification category of the newly built Level A data
center shall not be lower than category B.
6.1.8 The reconstructed data center shall be subjected to seismic identification
according to the load requirements, meanwhile it shall comply with the relevant
provisions of the current national standard “Standard for seismic appraisal of
buildings” GB 50023.Buildings that require seismic strengthening after seismic
identification shall be reinforced according to the current national standard
“Code for design of strengthen concrete structure” GB 50367, “Technical
specification for seismic strengthening of buildings” JGJ 116, “Technical
specification for post-installed fastenings in concrete structures” JGJ 145.
When a building with a seismic fortification category of level C is reconstructed
into a level A data center, the building may not be reinforced if use load meets
requirements.
6.2 People flow and goods flow, entrances and exits
6.3 Retaining structure thermal design and energy saving measures
6.3.1 The building climate division of the data center and the thermal design of
retaining structure shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current
national standard “Design standard for energy efficiency of public buildings” GB
50189.
6.4 Interior design
6.4.1 The combustion performance of the materials used for interior decoration
design shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard
“Code for fire prevention in design of interior decoration of buildings” GB 50222.
6.4.2 Interior decoration of the computer room shall use the materials with good
air tightness, no dust, easy to clean, meet environmental protection
requirements, have small deformation under surface temperature and humidity,
have surface static dissipative properties. It shall not use the material of strong
hygroscopicity and the high polymer insulating material without surface
modification treatment.
6.4.3 The decoration of the wall and ceiling of the computer room shall meet
the functional requirements. The surface shall be flat, smooth, dust-free, avoid
glare, reduce the uneven surface.
6.4.4 The ground design of the computer room shall meet the functional
requirements. When laying the anti-static raised floor, the height of the raised
floor shall be determined according to the cable wiring and air-conditioning
requirements, and shall meet the following requirements.
6.4.5 The walls and ceiling surfaces of the technical interlayer shall be flat and
smooth. When using a lightweight construction ceiling as a technical interlayer,
it should set up an access passage or access.
6.4.6 When water equipment is installed in the computer room, it shall take
measures to prevent water overflow and leakage.
6.4.7 The structure and construction joints of doors, windows, walls and floors
(grounds) shall use airtightness measures.
7 Air conditioning
7.1 General requirements
7.1.1 The design of air conditioning system of the data center shall be
performed based on the level of the data center in accordance with Appendix A
of this code. The design of the air conditioning system shall comply with the
relevant provisions of the current national standard “Design code for heating
ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings” GB 50736.
7.2 Thermal load calculation
7.3 Airflow management
7.4 System design
7.4.1 The level A data center which adopts the chilled water air-conditioning
system should be equipped with a cold storage facility.
7.4.2 The thermal insulation, noise-cancelling materials and adhesives for ducts
and pipes in data centers shall be made of non-combustible materials or flame-
retardant level B1 materials. The cold surface shall be subject to gas-isolation
and thermal insulation treatment.
7.4.3 When the air is supplied under the raised floor, the height of the floor shall
be determined according to the amount of air supplied.
7.4.4 The computer room shall maintain a positive pressure. The pressure
difference between the computer room and other rooms and corridors shall not
be less than 5 Pa. The static pressure difference between the outdoor shall not
be less than 10 Pa.
7.4.5 The fresh air volume of the air conditioning system shall be the maximum
of the following two.
7.5 Equipment selection
8 Electrical systems
8.1 Power supply and distribution
8.1.1 The power load level and power supply requirements of the data center
shall be implemented in accordance with Appendix A of this code based on the
level of the data center. It shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current
national standard “Code for design of electric power supply systems” GB 50052.
8.1.2 The power supply quality of the electronic information equipment shall be
performed based on the level of the data center, in accordance with Appendix
A of this code. When the electronic information equipment is powered by a DC
power supply, the power supply voltage shall meet the requirements of the
electronic information equipment.
8.1.3 The power supply and distribution system shall reserve spare capacity for
the scalability of the electronic information system.
8.2 Lighting
8.2.1 The standard illumination value of general lighting in computer room and
auxiliary area shall be designed according to 300 lx ~ 500 lx. The general color
rendering index should not be less than 80.The illumination standard value of
support area and administrative area shall conform to the relevant provisions of
the current national standard “Standard for lighting design of buildings” GB 50034.
8.3 Electrostatic discharge protection
8.3.1 The anti-static design of the data center shall comply with the relevant
provisions of the current national standard “Code for design of protection of
electrostatic discharge in electronic engineering” GB 50611.
8.3.2 For the computer room and the auxiliary area where electronic information
equipment is installed, the floor or the ground shall have static discharge
measures and grounding structure. The surface resistance or volume
resistance of the anti-static floor and the ground shall be 2.5 x 104 Ω ~ 1.0 x 109
Ω, meanwhile it shall be fireproof, environmental protection, pollution resistance,
wear resistance.
8.4 Lightning protection and grounding
8.4.1 The lightning protection and grounding design of the data center shall
meet the requirements for personal safety and the normal operation of the
electronic information system. Meanwhile it shall comply with the relevant
provisions of the current national standards “Design code for protection of
structures against lightning” GB 50057 and “Technical code for protection of
building electronic information system against lightning” GB 50343.
8.4.9 The neutral point grounding method of the 3 kV ~ 10 kV standby diesel
generator system shall be determined according to the common grounding
method of power supply and the single-phase grounding capacitor’s current
value of the line. When the common power supply uses a non-effective
grounding system,
9 Electromagnetic shielding
9.1 General requirements
9.1.1 For data centers involving state secrets or having confidentiality
requirements for business information, it shall provide an electromagnetic
shielding enclosures or take other electromagnetic leakage protection
measures.
9.1.2 For data centers whose electromagnetic environment requirements do
not meet the requirements of clause 5.2.2 of this code, it shall take
electromagnetic shielding measures.
9.1.3 The structural form of the electromagnetic shielding enclosure and related
shielding parts shall be selected according to the performance index and scale
of the electromagnetic shielding enclosure.
9.1.4 The data center with electromagnetic shielding enclosure shall have the
building structure to meet the load requirements of the shielding structure.
9.1.5 It shall reserve a maintenance passage or maintenance access between
the electromagnetic shielding enclosure and the building (structure) wall.
9.1.6 The housing of the electromagnetic shielding enclosure shall be insulated
from the ground. The grounding should be in the form of a common grounding
device and a separate grounding line.
9.2 Shielding structure
9.2.1 For the electromagnetic shielding enclosures for security purposes, the
structure can be divided into modular and welded. Welded type can be further
divided into self-supporting and direct-attaching type.
9.2.5 For the shielding room which has an electric field shielding attenuation
index greater than 25 dB and less than or equal to 60 dB, the structural form
should adopt direct-attaching type; the shielding material can be selected from
wire mesh. The mesh number of wire mesh shall be determined according to
the wavelength of the shielded signal.
9.3 Shielding objects
9.3.1 For the shielding doors, filters, waveguides, cut-off waveguide vents and
other shielding object, the performance index shall not be lower than the
performance requirements of the electromagnetic shielding enclosure. The
installation position shall be easy to overhaul.
9.3.2 The shielding door should be a rotatory shielding door. When restricted
by site conditions, it may use mobile shielding doors.
9.3.3 All power cables entering the electromagnetic shielding enclosure shall
be processed by the power supply filter. The specifications, power supply mode
and quantity of the power supply filter shall be determined according to the
power consumption of the equipment in the electromagnetic shielding enclosure.
9.3.4 All signal cables entering the electromagnetic shielding enclosure shall be
handled by signal filters or other shielding measures.
9.3.5 The network cable entering or leaving the electromagnetic shielding
enclosure shall be optical cable or shielded cable. The optical cable shall not
have a metal reinforcing core.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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