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GB 14888.1-2010 English PDF

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GB 14888.1-2010: National food safety standards -- Food additives -- New red
Status: Valid

GB 14888.1: Evolution and historical versions

Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] delivered inStandard Title (Description)StatusPDF
GB 14888.1-2010English459 Add to Cart 4 days [Need to translate] National food safety standards -- Food additives -- New red Valid GB 14888.1-2010
GB 14888.1-1994English519 Add to Cart 4 days [Need to translate] Food additive- New red Obsolete GB 14888.1-1994

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Basic data

Standard ID GB 14888.1-2010 (GB14888.1-2010)
Description (Translated English) National food safety standards -- Food additives -- New red
Sector / Industry National Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard X42
Classification of International Standard 67.220.20
Word Count Estimation 20,285
Date of Issue 2010-12-21
Date of Implementation 2011-02-21
Older Standard (superseded by this standard) GB 14888.1-1994
Regulation (derived from) Ministry of Health Bulletin No. 19 of 2010
Issuing agency(ies) Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China
Summary This Chinese standard applies to sulfanilic acid by diazotization with a 5 acetamido-4 naphthol -2, 7 disulfonate coupling, salting, refined food additives the new red.

GB 14888.1-2010: National food safety standards -- Food additives -- New red

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National food safety standards - food additives - new red National Food Safety Standard Red new food additive Issued on. 2010-12-21 2011-02-21 implementation National Standards of People's Republic of China People's Republic of China Ministry of Health issued

Foreword

This standard replaces GB 14888.1-1994 "new food additive red." This standard compared with GB 14888.1-1994, the main changes are as follows. - Added safety tips; - New Red content ≥80% by the index revised to ≥85%; - Modify the discrimination test methods; - Colorimetric method replicates allowable difference from 2% revised to 1.0%; - An increase of chloride and sulfate indicators and detection methods, combined with the loss on drying, indicators ≤15.0%; - Cancel the quality specifications of isopropyl ether extract; - Increase the sum of the unreacted intermediate indicators and detection methods; - Added unsulfonated primary aromatic amine (aniline meter) indicators and detection methods; - Arsenic (As) is modified by chemical detection methods limit law atomic absorption spectrometry; - Cancel the heavy metals (Pb) quality specifications; - Increase the lead (Pb) indicator and detection methods. The Standard Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C are normative appendices, Appendix D is an informative annex. This standard replaces the standards previously issued as follows. --GB 14888.1-1994. National Food Safety Standard Red new food additive

1 Scope

This standard applies to the sulfanilic acid by diazotization with 5-acetamido-4-naphthol-2,7-disulfonate coupling, salting and refining From the new food additive red.

2 Normative references

The standard file referenced in the application of this standard is essential. For dated references, only the edition date of the note Apply to this standard. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this standard. 3 chemical name, structural formula, molecular formula, relative molecular mass 3.1 Chemical Name 7 - [(4-phenyl sulfonic acid group) azo] -1-acetylamino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid trisodium salt 3.2 formula N a O 3 SNN OHNHCOCH 3 SO 3 N aN a O 3 S Formula 3.3 C18H12O11N3Na3S3 3.4 relative molecular mass 611.47 (according to 2007 international relative atomic mass) 4. Technical Requirements 4.1 Sensory requirements. comply with Table 1. Table 1 Sensory requirements Project requires test methods Reddish-brown color By visual assessment of natural light. State organization powders or granules 4.2 Physical indicators. to comply with Table 2. Table 2. Physical and chemical indicators Item Index Test Method The new red, w /% ≥ 85.0 Appendix A A.4 Loss on drying, chloride (based on NaCl) and sulfate (NaSO4 in dollars) of the total, w /% ≤ 15.0 Appendix A A.5 Water-insoluble, w /% ≤ 0.20 A.6 in Appendix A Deputy dye, w /% ≤ 2.0 Appendix A A.7 Unreacted intermediate sum, w /% ≤ 0.50 Appendix A A.8 Unsulfonated primary aromatic amine (aniline dollars), w /% ≤ 0.01 A.9 in Appendix A Arsenic (As)/(mg/kg) ≤ 1.0 Appendix A A.10 Lead (Pb)/(mg/kg) ≤ 10.0 Appendix A A.11

Appendix A

(Normative) Testing method A.1 Safety Tips Reagents The standard test methods used for toxic or corrosive, according to the relevant provisions of the operation, the operation need to be careful. If splash On the skin should immediately wash with water, severe cases should be treated immediately. When using a volatile acid, to be carried out in a fume hood. A.2 General Provisions This standard reagents and water, did not indicate when the other requirements, refer to the three water analytical reagent and GB/T 6682-2008 requirements. Standard test solution required impurity standard solution, preparations and products at the time did not indicate other provisions, according to GB/T 601, GB/T 602, GB/T 603 regulations formulated and calibration. A.3 Identification Test A.3.1 Reagents and materials A.3.1.1 sulfuric acid. A.3.1.2 ammonium acetate solution. 1.5g/L. A.3.2 Instruments and Equipment A.3.2.1 Spectrophotometer. A.3.2.2 cuvette. 10mm. A.3.3 Identification method It should meet the following conditions. A.3.3.1 Weigh about 0.1g sample (accurate to 0.001g), was dissolved in 100mL of water, red clear solution. A.3.3.2 Weigh about 0.2g sample (accurate to 0.001g), was dissolved in 20mL sulfuric acid was dark purple, take this solution 2 drops to 3 drops, 5 mL of water, shake, red. A.3.3.3 Weigh about 0.1g sample (accurate to 0.001g), was dissolved in 100mL ammonium acetate solution of this solution 1mL, plus ammonium acetate solution Equipped to 100mL, the maximum absorption wavelength of the solution was 525 nm ± 2nm. A.4 Determination new red A.4.1 Titanium trichloride titration (Arbitration Act) A.4.1.1 Method summary In acidic medium, the new red azo group is titanium trichloride reduced and decomposed into amino compounds by elimination of titanium trichloride standard titration solution Consumption, calculate the content. A.4.1.2 Reagents and materials A.4.1.2.1 trisodium citrate. A.4.1.2.2 titanium trichloride standard titration solution. c (TiCl3) = 0.1mol/L (now with the existing, method of preparation see Appendix B). A.4.1.2.3 cylinders loaded carbon dioxide. A.4.1.3 instruments and equipment A-- conical flask (a 500 mL); B-- Brown burette (50mL); C-- under glass bottle package black paper (2000mL); D-- containing 100g/L solution of ammonium carbonate and 100g/L ferrous sulfate solution container of an equivalent mixture (5000mL); E-- piston; F-- bottles; G-- washing bottle filled with water. Figure A.1 apparatus of FIG titanium trichloride titration A.4.1.4 analysis step Weigh about 0.5g sample (accurate to 0.0001g), in 500mL conical flask, 15g trisodium citrate and 200mL boiled water, After shaking dissolved, according to Figure A.1 installed equipment at surface through carbon dioxide while heating boil, with titanium trichloride standard titration solution Titration end point so that the inherent color disappeared. A.4.1.5 Calculation Results New red mass fraction 1w its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.1) Calculated. 0) 4 /) (1000/( 1 × = m MVcw (A.1) Where. c - accurate titanium trichloride standard titration solution concentration value in units of moles per liter (mol/L); V - accurate value of the sample consumed titration of titanium trichloride standard titration solution volume in milliliters (mL); M - molar mass of new red value, in units of grams per mole (g/mol) [M (C18H12O11N3Na3S3) = 611.47]; m1 - mass value of the sample in grams (g). The results represent a decimal. The absolute difference between the parallel determination results is not more than 1.0% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. A.4.2 Colorimetric method A.4.2.1 Method summary The samples with known content of new red standard were dissolved in water and diluted to volume with ammonium acetate solution, at the maximum absorption wavelength, respectively Measuring the absorbance, and then calculate its content. A.4.2.2 Reagents and materials A.4.2.2.1 ammonium acetate solution. 1.5g/L. A.4.2.2.2 new red standard. ≥85.0% (mass fraction, measured according to A.4.1). A.4.2.3 instruments and equipment A.4.2.3.1 spectrophotometer; A.4.2.3.2 cuvette. 10mm. A.4.2.4 preparation of new red standard sample solution Weigh about 0.25g of new red standard sample (accurate to 0.0001g), was dissolved in an appropriate amount of water, transferred to 1000mL volumetric flask, diluted with water To the mark. Draw 10mL, transferred to 500mL volumetric flask, add ammonium acetate solution was diluted to the mark, shake well and set aside. Formulating new red sample solution A.4.2.5 A.4.2.4 weighing and methods of operation with standard solution preparation. A.4.2.6 analysis step The new red standard sample solution and the new red sample solution were placed in 10mm cuvettes, with the maximum absorption wavelength measured with a spectrophotometer Given their absorbance values with ammonium acetate solution as the reference solution. A.4.2.7 Calculation Results New red mass fraction 1w its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.2) Calculated. 1 wmA Amw × = (A.2) Where. A - absorbance values of the new red sample solution; Quality value m0-- new red standard sample in grams (g); Absorbance A0-- new red standard sample solution value; Quality m-- sample value in units of grams (g); w0-- new red standard mass fraction%. The results represent a decimal. The absolute difference between the parallel determination results is not more than 1.0% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. A.5 Determination of loss on drying, chloride (based on NaCl) and sulfate (Na2S04 in dollars) of the total A.5.1 Determination of loss on drying A.5.1.1 analysis step Weigh about 2g sample (accurate to 0.001g), has been placed in the weighing bottle constant at 135 ℃ ± 2 ℃ constant temperature oven at 135 ℃ ± 2 ℃ Thermostatic oven drying to constant weight. A.5.1.2 Calculation Results Loss on drying mass fraction 2w and its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.3) Calculated. 2 × - = m mmw (A.3) Where. Numerical m2-- sample before drying mass in grams (g); m3-- sample dried to a constant value of mass in grams (g). The results represent a decimal. The absolute difference between the parallel determination results is not more than 0.2% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. A.5.2 chloride (as NaCl) Determination A.5.2.1 Reagents and materials A.5.2.1.1 nitrobenzene. A.5.2.1.2 activated carbon; 767 needle. A.5.2.1.3 nitric acid solution. 11. A.5.2.1.4 silver nitrate solution. c (AgNO3) = 0.1mol/L. A.5.2.1.5 ammonium ferric sulfate solution Preparation method. Weigh about 14g of ammonium ferric sulfate, dissolved in 100mL of water, filter, add 10mL of nitric acid, stored in a brown bottle; A.5.2.1.6 ammonium thiocyanate standard titration solution. c (NH4CNS) = 0.1mol/L. A.5.2.2 preparation of the sample solution Weigh about 2g sample (accurate to 0.001g), was dissolved in 150mL of water, add about 15g of activated carbon, a moderate boil 2 min ~ 3min, added 1mL solution of nitric acid, constantly rocking evenly placed 30min (during shaking from time to time). Filtered through a dry filter paper. Such as colored filtrate is combined with 5g Activated carbon, occasionally shaking place 1h, then dried filter paper (such as color still replace the activated carbon Repeat until the filtrate colorless). Each time 10mL washed activated charcoal three times, combined filtrate move 200mL volumetric flask, add water to the mark. For chloride and sulfate content Determination. A.5.2.3 analysis step Pipette 50mL sample solution, placed in 500mL conical flask, add 2mL nitric acid solution and 10mL silver nitrate solution (chloride content for a long time To add more) and 5mL nitrobenzene, shake vigorously to condense silver chloride was added 1mL solution of ammonium ferric sulfate, ammonium thiocyanate standard titration solution Titrate the excess silver nitrate to the end and keep 1min, at the same time in the same way to make a blank test. A.5.2.4 Calculation Results Chloride (as NaCl) mass fraction 3w and its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.4) Calculated. ) 200/50 ( ] 1000 /) [( 3 × - = m MVVcw (A.4) Where. c1 - accurate ammonium thiocyanate standard titration solution concentration value in units of moles per liter (mol/L); V1 - accurate value of consumption of titration blank solution of ammonium thiocyanate standard titration solution volume in milliliters (mL); V0 - accurate value of the sample solution was titrated with ammonium thiocyanate standard titration solution consumed volume in milliliters (mL); M1 - the value of the molar mass of sodium chloride, in units of grams per mole (g/mol) [M1 (NaCl) = 58.4]; Mass values m4-- sample in grams (g). The results represent a decimal. Parallel determination results of absolute difference is not more than 0.3% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. A.5.3 Sulfate (Na2S04 meter) measurement A.5.3.1 Reagents and materials A.5.3.1.1 sodium hydroxide solution. 2g/L. A.5.3.1.2 hydrochloric acid solution. 11999. A.5.3.1.3 barium chloride standard titration solution. c (1/2BaCl2) = 0.l mol/L (preparation see Appendix C). A.5.3.1.4 phenolphthalein indicator solution. 10g/L. A.5.3.1.5 Rose sodium indicator solution. Weigh 0.lg red roses, sodium dissolved in 10mL of water (using now). A.5.3.2 analysis step Draw 25mL sample solution A.5.2.2, placed in 250mL conical flask, add 1 drop of phenolphthalein indicator solution, a solution of sodium hydroxide solution was pink, Then a solution of hydrochloric acid solution to the pink color disappeared, shake, shaking constantly dissolved barium chloride standard titration solution titration, acid red roses Sodium indicator solution for outward indicator solution, and the reaction liquid indicator solution on filter paper presents the intersection of rose red spots and kept 2min does not fade as the end point. At the same time in the same manner as a blank test. A.5.3.3 Calculation Results Sulfate (Na2SO4 meter) mass fraction 4w and its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.5) Calculated. ) 200/25 ( ) 2 /] (1000 /) [( 4 × - = m MVVcw (A.5) Where. c2 - accurate barium chloride standard titration solution concentration value in units of moles per liter (mol/L); The exact value of the sample solution V2-- titration consumption of barium chloride standard titration solution volume in milliliters (mL); Accurate value of V3-- titrate blank solution consumed barium chloride standard titration solution volume in milliliters (mL); M2 - the value of the molar mass of sodium sulfate, units of grams per mole (g/mol) [M2 (Na2SO4) = 142.04]; m4 - mass of the sample value in units of grams (g). The results represent a decimal. The absolute difference between the parallel determination results is not more than 0.2% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. Results A.5.4 Loss on drying, chloride (based on NaCl) and sulfate (Na2SO4 in dollars) the total amount of calculation Total loss on drying and chloride (based on NaCl) and sulfate (Na2SO4 to count) to the mass fraction 5w and its value is expressed in%, according to public Formula (A.6) Calculated. 4325 wwww = (A.6) Where. 2w - drying loss mass fraction%; 3w - chloride (as NaCl) mass fraction%; 4w - Sulfate (Na2SO4 meter) mass fraction%. The results represent a decimal. A.6 Determination of insoluble matter A.6.1 Instruments and Equipment A.6.1.1 sand core glass crucible. G4, a pore size of 5μm ~ 15μm. A.6.1.2 oven thermostat. A.6.2 Analysis step Weigh about 3g sample (accurate to 0.001g), placed in 500mL beaker, add 50 ℃ ~ 60 ℃ hot water 250mL, dissolved with It has been baked at 135 ℃ ± 2 ℃ to constant weight of G4 sintered glass crucible filtration, and thoroughly washed with hot water to wash colorless liquid at 135 ℃ ± 2 ℃ constant Constant temperature oven to bake. A.6.3 Calculation Results Water insoluble mass fraction 6w and its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.7) calculated as follows. 6 × = m mw (A.7) Where. m6 - Numerical dried water insoluble mass in grams (g); m5 - the value of the sample mass, in grams (g). The results represent two decimal. The absolute difference between parallel determination results is not more than 0.05% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. Determination A.7 deputy dye A.7.1 Method summary The components are separated by paper chromatography, eluted and quantified by spectrophotometry. A.7.2 Reagents and materials A.7.2.1 ethanol. A.7.2.2 n-butanol. Acetone solution A.7.2.3. 1 1. A.7.2.4 ammonia solution. 496. A.7.2.5 sodium bicarbonate solution. 4g/L. A.7.3 Instruments and Equipment A.7.3.1 Spectrophotometer. A.7.3.2 chromatography filter paper. No. 1 in speed, 150mm × 250mm. A.7.3.3 chromatography tank. φ240mm × 300mm. A.7.3.4 micro injector. 100μL. A.7.3.5 Nessler colorimetric tube. 50mL glass grinding mouth stopper. A.7.3.6 glass frit funnel. G3, pore size of 15μm ~ 40μm. A.7.3.7 50mm cuvette. A.7.3.8 10mm cuvette. A.7.4 Analysis step A.7.4.1 paper chromatographic conditions A.7.4.1.1 developing solvent. n-butanol ethanol solution of aqueous ammonia = 623. A.7.4.1.2 Temperature. 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. A.7.4.2 preparation of the sample solution Weigh 1g sample (accurate to 0.001g), placed in a beaker, adding the right amount of water dissolved and transferred to 100mL volumetric flask, dilute to Scale, shake up the concentration of the sample solution is 1%. A.7.4.3 wash out the sample preparation liquid With micro-injector draw 100μL sample solution evenly note on the bottom edge of the filter paper from a baseline of 25mm, a straight line, so that On filter paper width is not more than 5mm, length 130mm, with a hair dryer. The filter paper containing the preparation of good chromatography developing solvent Expand the cylinder, the bottom edge of the filter paper dipped under the agent level l0mm, to be solvent front line rose to 150mm or until the dye separation satisfaction deputy until. Remove the filter paper chromatography, with cold dry. Blank filter paper under the same conditions to expand the blank paper and the above steps should be expanded with the adjacent portion of the filter paper on the same piece of filter paper cut take. Deputy dye paper chromatography is shown in Figure A.2. Baseline Vice-dye (2) Main dye Deputy dye (1) 130mm 150mm 250mm 25mm Figure A.2 deputy dye paper chromatography schematic The respective deputy dye expanded and made on a blank paper to each subsidiary colors corresponding parts of the paper in the same size cut, and cut Into thin strips about 5mm × 15mm, and were placed in 50mL of Nessler colorimetric tube, accurately added 5mL acetone, shaking 3min ~ 5min , Then sodium bicarbonate solution was accurately added to 20mL, shake well, and then were naturally filtered in a sintered glass funnel, the filtrate should be clarified, Without suspension. Add water to the mark. Respectively each subsidiary colors and blank eluate. In the respective maximum absorption wavelength of the dye deputy, with 50mm Cuvette, each deputy dye sample eluate respective measured absorbance values on a spectrophotometer. When the absorbance was measured on a spectrophotometer, with a mixture of sodium bicarbonate solution 5mL and 20mL acetone solution as reference solution. A.7.4.4 preparation of standard solution Draw a sample solution 2mL 1% moved into 100mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark, shake, and the solution as the standard solution. A.7.4.5 Preparation of standard eluate With micro-injector to draw standard solution 100μL, uniform injection site on the bottom edge of the filter paper from a baseline of 25mm, with a hair dryer. The filter paper containing previously prepared well eluent chromatography tank to expand, to be solvent front line up 40mm, remove with cold dry, cut All dyes partially deployed, according to the method of operation A.7.4.3, obtained eluate standards. 10mm cuvette with maximum absorption wave Strengths measured absorbance values. Meanwhile blank filter paper under the same conditions to start operating in the same manner after washing the absorbance value measured liquid. A.7.4.6 Calculation Results Mass fraction deputy dye to 7w and its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.8) Calculated. () () [] S bA bAbAw SS nn × - - - = ) 2/100) (( LL (A.8) Where. A1An - each sub-dye eluate 50mm optical path length measured absorbance values; b1bn - each sub-dye control blank eluate 50mm optical path length measured absorbance values; As - Standard eluate 10mm path length measured absorbance values; bs - standard control blank eluate 10mm path length measured absorbance values; 5 - converted to 10mm in number than the optical path length; 100/2 - Standard eluate converted into a 1% solution of the sample number ratio; S - mass fraction% of the sample. The results represent a decimal. The absolute difference between the parallel determination results is not more than 0.2% (mass fraction), the arithmetic mean value as a measurement result. A.8 Determination of unreacted intermediate sum A.8.1 Method summary By reverse-phase liquid chromatography, using external standard method were not quantified the various reaction intermediates, the final calculation of the sum of the unreacted intermediate. A.8.2 Reagents and materials A.8.2.1 methanol. A.8.2.2 ammonium acetate solution. 2g/L. A.8.2.3 1- acetylamino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid. A.8.2.4 1- amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid. A.8.2.5 amino acid. A.8.3 Instruments and Equipment A.8.3.1 LC. infusion pump - flow range of 0.1 mL/min ~ 5.0mL/min, the flow rate in this range stability of ± 1% Detector - multi-wavelength UV spectrophotometric detector or equivalent in performance to UV spectrophotometric detector. A.8.3.2 Column. length 150mm, an inner diameter of 4.6mm stainless steel column, stationary phase C18, particle size 5μm. A.8.3.3 chromatography workstation or integrator. A.8.3.4 ultrasonic generator. A.8.3.5 loop. 20μL. A.8.4 Chromatography conditions A.8.4.1 detection wavelength. 254nm. A.8.4.2 Column temperature. 40 ℃. A.8.4.3 Mobile phase. A, a solution of ammonium acetate; B, methanol;. Concentration gradient. 50min linear gradient from A (100) than B (0) to A (0) ratio B (100). A.8.4.4 Flow. 1mL/min. A.8.4.5 Injection volume. 20μL. According to the different instruments, choose the best analytical conditions corresponding flow after shaking degassed by ultrasonic generator. Preparation of the sample solution A.8.5 Weigh about 0.01g new red sample (accurate to 0.0001g), add ammonium acetate solution to dissolve and dilute to 100mL. A.8.6 preparation of standard solution Weigh about 0.01g (accurate to 0.0001g) placed 1-acetyl-amino-8-naphthol vacuum drier 24h post-3,6-disulfonic acid, Dissolved ammonium acetate solution and dilute to 100mL. Then draw this solution 10mL, ammonium acetate solution to volume 100mL, as standard Solution A. Weigh about 0.01g (accurate to 0.0001g) placed in a vacuum dryer and dried 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-dicarboxylic acid after 24h, with ethyl Ammonium solution to dissolve and dilute to 100mL. Then draw this solution 10mL, ammonium acetate solution to volume 100mL, as a standard solution B. Weigh about 0.01g (accurate to 0.0001g) placed in a vacuum dryer amino acid, dissolved in ammonium acetate solution is dried after 24h And set the volume to 100mL. Then draw this solution 10mL, ammonium acetate solution to volume 100mL, as a standard solution C. Then Pipette 10.0mL, 5.0mL, 2.0mL, 1.0mL above standard solution A, B standard solution and standard solution C, respectively Ammonium acetate solution to volume 100mL, formulated in a series of standard solution A, B and C series of series of standard solution standard solution. A.8.7 Analysis step In the chromatographic conditions specified in A.8.4, respectively draw a sample solution and standard solutions using micro-injection syringe and given full The amount of ring chromatographic detection until the last component of the outflow is completed, the results processing. The series of measured substance standard solution peak area, divided Do not draw a standard curve A, B, C. Determination of sample solution of 1-acetylamino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid, 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic Acid and amino acid peak area, according to the standard curve for each reaction intermediates are not content. Chromatogram in Appendix D. A.8.8 Calculation Results The sum of the unreacted intermediate mass fraction 11w and its value is expressed in%, according to formula (A.9) Calculated. 109811 wwww = (A.9) Where. 8w --1- acetylamino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid mass fraction%; 9w --1- amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid mass fraction%; 10w - quality amino acid fraction%. A.9 unsulfonated primary aromatic amine (aniline meter) measurement A.9.1 Method summary The sample is extracted with ethyl acetate unsulfonated primary aromatic amine component, the extract and the standard solution of aniline by diazotization and coupling, respectively And then measuring absorbance of each dye generated to be compared with the judgment. A.9.2 Reagents and materials A.9.2.1 ethyl acetate. A.9.2.2 hydrochloric acid solution. 110. A.9.2.3 hydrochloric acid solution. 13. A.9.2.4 potassium bromide solution. 500g/L. A...

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