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GB 13691-2008: Code for the dust protecting technique of the ceramic production
Status: Valid GB 13691: Evolution and historical versions
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| GB 13691-2008 | English | 279 |
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Code for the dust protecting technique of the ceramic production
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GB 13691-2008
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| GB 13691-1992 | English | 359 |
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Safety code for the dust protecting technique of the ceramic production
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 13691-2008 (GB13691-2008) | | Description (Translated English) | Code for the dust protecting technique of the ceramic production | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | C72 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.040.30 | | Word Count Estimation | 12,141 | | Date of Issue | 2008-12-23 | | Date of Implementation | 2009-12-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 13691-1992 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 16758; GB 50019; GB 50187; GB 50243 | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 21 of 2008 (No. 134 overall) | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard specifies the basic requirements for dust ceramic production and technical measures. This standard applies to household and architectural ceramics factory processing of raw materials, molding, firing design, transformation and production management. Sagger for ceramic production, processing and painting process plaster dust should also refer to the use. | GB 13691-2008: Code for the dust protecting technique of the ceramic production---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Code for the dust protecting technique of the ceramic production
ICS 13.040.30
C72
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB 13691-1992
Dust ceramic production technical regulations
Posted 2008-12-23
2009-12-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Foreword
All the technical contents of this standard is mandatory.
This standard replaces GB 13691-1992 "ceramic production Code of dust."
This standard compared with GB 13691-1992 main changes are as follows.
--- The main structure in accordance with the ceramics production process layout, ease of use and the corresponding provisions of the lookup;
--- Increasing the normative references and definitions of terms;
--- Increasing the relevant provisions of the dedusting equipment maintenance;
--- Increasing the relevant provisions of the personal protection;
--- Increased dust management in the relevant provisions of education and training.
The Standard Appendix A, Appendix B normative appendix.
This standard was proposed by the State Administration of Work Safety.
This standard produced by the National Technical Committee of Standardization Technical Committee of dust and poison safety.
This standard was drafted. Capital University of Economics, Sinosteel Maanshan Institute of Mining Research, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
The main drafters of this standard. Jiang Kang, Cho Yong, Guo Jinfeng, Guo Jianzhong, Wang Yongyi, had Yao, Sheng Haitao.
This standard replaces the standards previously issued as follows.
--- GB 13691-1992.
Dust ceramic production technical regulations
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic requirements of ceramic dust production and technical measures.
This standard applies to household and architectural ceramics factory raw material processing, molding, baking design, transformation and production management. For ceramic production
Sagger, plaster dust processing and painting process, reference should be used.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this standard and become the standard terms. For dated references, subsequent
Amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, encourage the parties to the agreement are based on research
Whether the latest versions of these documents. For undated reference documents, the latest versions apply to this standard.
GB/T 16758 hood classification and technical conditions
GB 50019 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning design
GB 50187 for General graphic design specification
GB 50243 Construction Quality Acceptance of Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Clay, quartz and other natural silicate raw materials through grinding, molding, drying and calcining the typical production process of a certain shape obtained
And strength products, polycrystalline, inorganic non-metallic solid heterogeneous silicate materials and products commonly known.
3.2
Dusting equipment and locations.
4 site, factory and plant
4.1 site
4.1.1 The site selection should be away from residential and other buildings, and located in towns, industrial enterprises and residential areas adjacent to the minimum annual frequency of wind
Windward side.
4.1.2 Production areas and living areas should maintain the necessary protective distance and take the greening measures.
4.2 plant layout
4.2.1 The main raw materials warehouse and chimney should be arranged on the upwind side of a non-production area plant annual minimum frequency of wind direction and non-dust production area.
4.2.2 The plant should be arranged according to shorten the process and reduce dust points required to determine and facilitate the building ventilation, lighting.
4.3 plant construction
4.3.1 plant construction airtight as possible, building elements inside the plant should be easy to reduce the dust of concave and convex portions. All inner walls, roofs
Surface smooth as possible.
4.3.2 Open side windows inside the plant should be located in annual minimum frequency wind windward side of the wall, the height from the ground is generally not less than 1m.
4.3.3 dust production shop floor should be smooth and slippery, slope drainage system should be established, and a wash floors and walls of the facility.
4.3.4 multi-plant quarantine measures should be taken to prevent the dusty air in series.
4.3.4.1 stairwell leading to the doorway should be installed on each floor can be self-closing doors or curtains.
4.3.4.2 Connections between floors when setting simple ladders, the position should be chosen from the dust-exposed point distant site.
4.3.4.3 for all kinds of equipment, Chute, the interlayer holes through floors and partitions on the pipeline, the gap should be sealed; all kinds of equipment, slide tube,
Pipes should be closed, reducing the connection point or intermediate links, reduce material gap.
5 production process requirements
5.1 Where the new construction, expansion, reconstruction and technical transformation projects, the project should dust control measures with the main project designed, constructed and put into operation
use.
5.2 Production process should take mechanization, continuous, closed-oriented operations, wet process allows the job as much as possible. Dust circulated serious
Step should not set a fixed operating positions.
5.3 process equipment should be vertical layout, reduce the powder and blank transit links, shorten the transport distance.
5.4 technology and equipment selection should be used less good effect of dust or dust production technology and equipment.
5.5 when using mechanical ventilation or natural ventilation, dust generation source shall be arranged at the workplace downwind.
5.6 regularly shop floor, ventilation and other cleaning equipment should be arranged for easy maintenance and cleaning operations in favor of workers.
6 workshop ventilation
6.1 dust production workshop with local exhaust ventilation should be based, dusty gas emissions should be organized by collecting, purifying back to the outdoors.
6.2 Workshop ventilation should be reasonably organized workshop airflow, effectively reducing the concentration of dust production work area of dust in the air. To avoid secondary dust, should
Indoor air flow rate limit; exhaust vents should be located at the bottom of people's breathing zone, to minimize the suction avoid operator inhalation of dust and gas.
6.3 To ensure the provision of workshop heating temperature should be set up air system. Supplementary air volume should be greater than the total amount of exhaust shop, fill air temperature shall be
Thermal equilibrium is determined, it shall not be used for circulating hot air heating and air conditioning.
6.4 for cooling air to be taken by the local shop, the general should not be used or recycled axial fan spray fan for ventilation.
7 major step dust
7.1 raw materials
7.1.1 Basic requirements
7.1.1.1 ore crushing process of feeding, crushing, the material, it should be used to transport mechanical linkage operations, centralized control. Feeding, crushing should be set
Horizon in the following order in the collecting and cutting.
7.1.1.2 When using a ball mill grinding process to prepare a large amount of mud workshop, should the feed, transportation, weighing, discharging processes to achieve mechanization; mud system
A small amount of semi-mechanized workshops should be provided jobs and feeding platform.
7.1.1.3 using Raymond machine grinding process of the workshop, all the processes should adopt mechanization and automation of operations, dust control room and work area should be adopted
Take quarantine measures.
7.1.1.4 easy to diffuse dust feed point, transit point and material discharge point, you must set the closed cover or other forms of effective exhaust hood, and
Should minimize the drop height of the material.
7.1.1.5 should build a filter under the water receiving collars. All finalists received water filter press box should prevent mud water pollution shop floor. Cloth should be set
Special storage room, washing.
Closed dust control measures 7.1.1.6 Production equipment should be taken in Annex A.
7.1.2 ore crushing, drying and packaging
7.1.2.1 ore crushing process should be used to measure the spray humidification, humidification amount of ore production process should not exceed the maximum allowable water content.
7.1.2.2 ore crushing, grinding, mixing, drying and other equipment should be set to the closed hood and air vents to prevent dust from escaping.
a) for carrying air velocity dust little belt conveyor transfer points, crushing all kinds of equipment into and out of the discharge port and other parts should be set locally dense
Close cover;
b) to carry larger air velocity dust dry crushing, screening, mixing, transportation equipment, should be set as a whole airtight cover.
7.1.2.3 dried powder by spray-drying tower should be closed or new drying technology, dust and take measures to prohibit the use of artificial ted or pit
Bed drying powder material.
7.1.2.4 powder package should be adopted in packaging machine; packaging materials should have good sealing properties and strength, to avoid leakage and breakage bags;
Dust escaping packaging operations positions should be located exhaust hood.
7.1.2.5 powder bags cleanup recovery should be taken in cleaning measures workbench.
7.1.3 Powder Storage
7.1.3.1 powder material should be stored in special warehouses or silos, shall not be open pile.
7.1.3.2 silo structure should ensure the normal flow of powder, to avoid interruption and material flow channeling phenomenon; easy to knot arch powder should be taken to activate
Measures.
7.1.3.3 When the bottom of the silo by hand ingredients, feed opening should be set at the hood, its duct valve and the valve should be located at the discharge port interlock device.
7.1.3.4 Treasury structure should avoid dispersion of dust and easy to transport. Treasury should be divided into a number of storage rooms, and a transport channel and ventilation
facility.
7.1.4 powder conveying
7.1.4.1 mechanical conveyor should choose a better airtight bucket elevator, screw conveyor, buried scraper conveyor and slide tubes. Elected with plastic
Conveyor belt conveying the material should be effectively sealed to prevent the escape of dust.
7.1.4.2 conveying powder material pneumatic conveying equipment should be used, and should adopt the vacuum conveying method.
Transshipment point 7.1.4.3 slip material should be used in the form of pipe, avoid material free fall.
7.1.4.4 When vehicles transporting bulk dry powder, the powder should be placed inside a sealed container transport.
7.1.4.5 unpacking, Daobao job cleaning device should be located and mechanization.
7.2 Forming
7.2.1 Basic requirements
7.2.1.1 When the green body, strip off billet model and model drying should take effective dust control measures.
7.2.1.2 models and large body of storage and transport, use a strip frame "compact car." Drying equipment used should be easy to "blank car"
Out.
7.2.1.3 should be provided with a soot blowing compressed air, ventilation equipment vacuum sealed cleaning chamber. Mold, dust cake on the plate and the pad should be timely
Closed cleaning interior cleaned.
7.2.2 billet step
7.2.2.1 plastic molding should be carefully placed in the model mud weight to minimize Yuni compacts after the excess mud should be collected in special
Door collection box.
7.2.2.2 The casting should avoid mud spill, after forming the excess slurry should be served in a special container.
7.2.2.3 powder isostatic pressing process should be enclosed, dust bins and model airflow generated by a special duct dust inhalation
Purification system.
7.2.2.4 Semi molding powder should be controlled within the tray and press table to prevent leakage, and should be set and fixed integrally press
The exhaust hood.
7.2.2.5 drying equipment should be kept clean, prohibit blank broken, broken debris retained in the drying equipment.
7.2.3 fine billet step
7.2.3.1 repair billet should be used wet or semi-dry operation, shall be such as job when dry exhaust hood must be set at the operating point.
7.2.3.2 When the spray glazing should be carried out operations in the hood or fume hood, spray the "fog particles" should be sprayed inside the hood.
7.2.3.3 should be used to the end of the glaze wet wipe substrate, such as shall be dry, it should set the exhaust hood.
7.2.3.4 should be set refined billet exhaust hood cleaning, mechanical cleaning, prohibit workers mouth sootblowing.
7.2.3.5 an adhesive attachment blank should be used to repair wet wet pick; as shall be dry Xiugan pick, you should set the hood.
7.2.3.6 body drilling should be used wet or semi-dry operation. When dry drilling as required to use, should be set hood.
7.2.3.7 body Abrasive cutting, grinding and brushing work points should be set to blank hood.
7.3 firing
7.3.1 Basic requirements
7.3.1.1 ceramics tunnel kiln firing should be adopted or a batch of large trolley kiln, prohibit the use of artificial kilns in the kiln indoor jobs.
7.3.1.2 furnace equipment should be arranged below the skylight, it is conducive to cross ventilation.
Should set up a special chamber 7.3.1.3 kiln car repair workshop, the room should be provided with vacuum devices.
7.3.2 installed billet
7.3.2.1 special tools should be used to clean dust cake body and the pad, and on the operating point setting hood.
7.3.2.2 installed billet job, workers should be on the windward side of mechanical ventilation or natural ventilation.
7.3.2.3 sagger domestic demand took cushion, non-gray quartz powder or bran as cushion.
7.3.2.4 The body shall be promptly charged firing sagger to prevent dust pollution.
7.3.2.5 Waste blank, to be placed in a special waste sagger scrap box and can not be discarded.
7.3.3 roasting
7.3.3.1 job should wet dust when cleaning up ash.
7.3.3.2 coal cinder and should be placed in a predetermined place and take the necessary measures for dust suppression.
8 dedusting system and its maintenance
8.1 dust control
8.1.1 dust-equipment and jobs should be located outside the closed cover or hood, to prevent dust from escaping. Give priority to non-powered ventilation
Means.
8.1.2 the shape of the hood should be conducive to dust control, exhaust hood outlet should not be less than the length of a side of the dust zone, the hood of the general expansion angle
Not more than 60 °.
8.1.3 Exhaust hood without prejudice to the operation should be as close to the dust source.
8.1.4 Exhaust hood opening Winds should be between 0.8m/s ~ 1.5m/s selected.
8.1.5 For 0mm ~ 3mm particle size of the material, a closed hood mouth to take the wind speed 0.5m/s ~ 1m/s, the particle diameter of less than 3mm
Materials, take cover mouth wind speed 1m/s ~ 2m/s.
8.1.6 sealed cover should be closed tight, easy removal, and shall set the necessary observation window, door or access door operation, its gaps and holes in the area to do
A small amount of maintenance windows and doors have a higher positive pressure should avoid the site settings.
8.1.7 To meet the needs dusting, should choose a reasonable amount of wind system (see Appendix B).
8.2 Dust System Design
8.2.1 According to the process, device configuration, plant conditions and dust production points, etc., can be designed in situ dust removal system, dust removal system or decentralized collection
The dust removal system.
8.2.2 Setting dust removal system should be easy to manage, meets the requirements of energy saving and production safety. The same production processes, dust while working point,
When not wish away together as a dust removal system; the different nature of the dust, the humidity, dust and gas at different temperatures, it should not be combined with a ventilation
Dust removal system.
8.2.3 try to use a dust removal system, when high gas dust concentrations exceed the processing capacity of the selected filter or exceed purge gas
Allowable discharge concentration, the dust can be two or more levels of dust.
8.2.4 Design of dust removal system, the system should determine the reasonable amount of wind according to the nature of the dust, dust production operating point, the exhaust hood parameters, each tube
Section wind speed and other technical parameters.
8.2.5 dust removal system should adopt automatic control and improve the management level of dust removal system, dust removal system to ensure the normal operation.
8.2.6 removal equipment should be disposed of relatively concentrated, and should consider cinder, ash transport and maintenance convenience.
8.3 Dust pipe
8.3.1 duct shall be arranged with the building structure, shall not affect production operations, and should be easy to install and repair.
8.3.2 Dust should be short and straight pipe, duct laying tilt angle should not be less than 45 °. Branch pipe should be connected to the top or side supervisor. Minimize the
Less horizontal pipe, when setting the horizontal pipe, the cleaning hole should be set in place to facilitate the dust cleared, to prevent pipe blockage.
8.3.3 dust removal system piping wind speed should be set at 5m/s ~ 25m/s range, pipe diameter should be not less than 100mm.
8.3.4 dust in the appropriate parts of the pipeline should be set detection hole, the hole should be located to detect and observe the operation site. When the suction point is higher,
Should be set up in each branch pipe air volume control valve.
8.3.5 air duct arrangement should seek straight, right-angle turn to avoid, reduce resistance welded pipe connections should be based, to achieve seal.
8.3.6 Dust exhaust systems on the adjacent buildings, as the case should be heightened.
8.3.7 Dust pipeline should regularly check and maintain the outer surface of the pipe should be protected against corrosion.
8.4 dust removal equipment
8.4.1 should be based on emission standards, import precipitator dust concentration, the nature of dust and gas, wind and dust removal system and other site conditions, combined
Li selection filter.
8.4.2 Wet dust removal system should take effective measures to insulation to prevent condensation.
8.4.3 various precipitator ash discharge port should install air lock discharge means, and to take effective measures to prevent secondary pollution.
8.4.4 precipitator performance and technical requirements should be installed and used on a regular basis and performance testing to ensure dust removal efficiency design
Claim.
8.4.5 ceramics production process in workplace air permissible concentration of dust should be controlled range specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Workplace allowable concentration of dust in the air
No. Chinese name English name
PC-TWA/(mg/m3)
Total dust respirable dust
Silica dust
10% ≤ free SiO2 content ≤50%
50% < free SiO2 content ≤80%
Free SiO2 content of > 80%
Silicadust
10% ≤freeSiO2≤50%
50% < freeSiO2≤80%
freeSiO2 > 80%
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.3
0.2
2 Other dust a Particlesnototherwiseregulated 8 -
a means of free SiO2 less than 10%, non-asbestos and toxic substances, but have not yet developed the allowable concentration of dust. All kinds of dust (asbestos fibers listed in the table
Except dust), where more than 10% of free SiO2 who treated according to silica dust allowable concentration.
8.4.6 inner ventilation unit dust workshop is appropriate duct to the outside row; when discharged directly to the workshop through the exhaust gas treatment, the exhaust gas containing
8.4.5 Dust concentrations should be controlled within a predetermined allowable dust concentration of 30%.
MAINTENANCE AND USE 8.5 Cleaning System
8.5.1 ventilation and dust removal system should be monitored regularly, identify problems and timely maintenance, adjustments.
8.5.2 fan should operate smoothly, the housing is not damaged, impeller intact, no dust inside the machine, the water, the motor is working properly. Find fault should be
exclude.
8.5.3 compressed air tank bag filter cleaning system, water separator should turn on the water once a day.
8.5.4 dedusting equipment performance and technical requirements should be used properly so that collection efficiency to meet the design requirements.
8.5.5 cleaned regularly to avoid dust in the pipeline according to the dust situation pipeline.
Strength and tightness 8.5.6 shall comply with the provisions of ventilation and dust piping of GB 50243.
9 Dust Management
9.1 Personal Protection
9.1.1 labor workers must be equipped with protective equipment while engaged in dust work according to regulations.
9.1.2 Personal protective equipment should be required for maintenance, maintenance, replacement.
9.1.3 prohibited in the Dust Zone Diet, rest. Forbidden to wear uniforms entered the dining and other non-work areas.
9.1.4 Enterprises should set up the locker room, lockers, bathroom and other sanitary facilities.
9.1.5 dust hazards exist job positions should be based on the relevant provisions in the apparent position is provided "pay attention to dust", "wearing a dust mask" Wen
Word of warning signs and the corresponding warning note.
9.2 Management
9.2.1 ventilation and dust removal equipment should be unified into ceramic production equipment and production management systems management and assessment.
9.2.2 Ventilation systems and equipment enterprises to cope with the implementation of effective management, maintenance and inspection personnel with a system based on the number and complexity of the device,
Establish and maintain technical files and log ventilation and dust removal system.
9.2.3 Enterprises should establish technical measures for dust control plan, improve dust control measures and regulations.
9.2.4 The employer shall establish a system of regular health check-dust personnel conduct pre-employment, periodic occupational health and undergo before during,
Inspection, and the establishment of the occupational health surveillance archives. Shall not be arranged without a pre-job health examinations of workers engaged in occupational exposure dying
Harm job.
9.2.5 occupational contraindications must dust removed from the job post.
9.3 Education and Training
9.3.1 respond to all categories of personnel exposed to dust regularly from dust and expertise in education assessment.
9.3.2 workers exposed to dust before assuming the job should be clearly informed of the dangers of working.
9.3.3 ventilation and dust removal operation, maintenance, testing, supervisors should have the expertise and capabilities of the respective positions.
9.4 Detection
9.4.1 shall be equipped with the necessary testing equipment and the corresponding dust testers.
9.4.2 shall be tested once every three months workshop air dust concentration, measured every six months once the air flow ventilation and dust removal system, the resistance, dust
Efficiency, air leakage rate, organize and archive the test results.
Detecting means 9.4.3 Cleaning System should be regularly maintained and checked.
9.4.4 should be set to run someone ventilation and dust removal system of supervision and inspection, found that the problem should be treated.
Appendix A
(Normative)
Dust control measures commonly used in hermetic ceramic production process equipment
A. 1 transport equipment
A. 1.1 belt conveyor
A. 1.1.1 Process circumstances arrangements and blanking, the angle and the temperature of the dust chute should be set full cover, segmented, centralized
Sealed and set the appropriate air vents.
A. 1.1.2 sealed cover both ends of the rubber seal should be set bezel.
A. 1.1.3 Integral sealed on both sides of the cover is removable, so that the dust cleared.
A. 1.1.4 Chute blanking at the closed position of the exhaust port cover 1.5 times the width at the outlet tube slide.
A. 1.1.5 For two belt transporter unloading landing place, set the air vents in the cover tape whereabouts closed, exhaust hood location side landing point
Surface of the hood edge 150mm ~ 300mm appropriate.
A. 1.1.6 When the belt conveyor in conveying the material size of less than 0.5mm, the speed should be controlled in less than 1m/s, when the diameter of delivery
When the 0.4mm ~ 4mm material, the speed should be controlled within 1.25m/s.
A. 1.1.7 should adopt impedance device (such as a hammer-type feeders, etc.) as much as possible to reduce the dust when the whereabouts of the material.
A. 1.1.8 tape head, ...
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