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GB/T 43526-2023: Technical requirements for connecting user-side electrochemical energy storage system to distribution network
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GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.180 CCS F 19 Technical Requirements for Connecting User-side Electrochemical Energy Storage System to Distribution Network ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2023 IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2024 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 4 2 Normative References ... 4 3 Terms and Definitions ... 5 4 Overall Requirements ... 6 5 Power Control ... 7 6 Fault Ride-through ... 8 7 Operational Adaptability ... 13 8 Power Quality ... 15 9 Start-stop ... 16 10 Relay Protection ... 16 11 Information and Communication ... 17 12 Electric Energy Metering ... 18 13 Grid Connection Test and Evaluation ... 18 Bibliography ... 20 Technical Requirements for Connecting User-side Electrochemical Energy Storage System to Distribution Network1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements for power control, fault ride-through, operational adaptability, power quality, start-stop, relay protection, information and communication, and electric energy metering of electrochemical energy storage systems connected to user’s distribution network, as well as grid connection test and evaluation. This document is applicable to the construction, access, commissioning, testing, inspection and operation of newly constructed, re-constructed and expanded electrochemical energy storage systems connected to the user’s distribution network at a voltage level of 220 V and above. Electrochemical energy storage systems connected to the public power grid at a voltage level of 380 V / 220 V may take this as a reference in implementation.2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 12325 Power Quality - Deviation of Supply Voltage GB/T 12326 Power Quality - Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker GB/T 13955 Installation and Operation of Residual Current Operated Protective Devices GB 14050 Types and Safety Technical Requirements of System Earthing GB/T 14285 Technical Code for Relaying Protection and Security Automatic Equipment GB/T 14549 Quality of Electric Energy Supply - Harmonics in Public Supply Network GB/T 15543 Power Quality - Three-phase Voltage Unbalance GB/T 17215.321 Electricity Metering Equipment (AC) - Particular Requirements - Part 21: Static Meters for Active Energy (classes A, B, C, D and E) GB/T 19862 General Requirements for Monitoring Equipment of Power Quality 3.3 point of connection The connection point between the electrochemical energy storage system and the user’s internal distribution network. NOTE: for energy storage systems with a boosting transformer, the point of connection refers to the bus or node on the high-voltage side of the boosting transformer. For energy storage systems without the boosting transformer, the point of connection refers to the output aggregation point of the energy storage system. 3.4 primary frequency control; PFC When the power system frequency deviates from the target frequency, the control function of the electrochemical energy storage system to automatically adjust the active power in response to the system frequency deviation. [source: GB/T 40595-2021, 3.1, modified]4 Overall Requirements
4.1 The voltage level of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected to the user’s distribution network shall be determined after technical and economic comparison based on the user’s reported capacity, rated power of the energy storage system, application mode, current carrying capacity of the user’s distribution network equipment and grid structure of the access point. 4.2 The installed capacity of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be coordinated with the application mode and user supply and demand balance. 4.3 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a 220 V single-phase connection, the access phase shall be selected based on the three-phase load conditions. When multiple user-side electrochemical energy storage systems are connected, each phase should be evenly distributed. 4.4 The energy storage batteries, battery management systems, energy storage converters, relay protection and other equipment of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 36558. 4.5 Within the allowable power output range, the active power and reactive power of the user- side electrochemical energy storage system shall be continuously adjustable in four quadrants, be able to accept remote or local power control commands, and be able to set the power generation and consumption plan curve and automatically execute it. 4.6 The protection configuration and setting at the point of connection of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be coordinated with the protection of the user’s distribution network. 4.7 The neutral point grounding mode of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be compatible with the grounding mode of the user’s distribution network, and the system lightning protection and grounding shall comply with the provisions of GB 14050, GB 50057 and GB/T 50065. 4.8 The power control, primary frequency control, inertia response, fault ride-through, operational adaptability, power quality, relay protection and safety automatic devices, dispatching automation and communication of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 35 kV or above shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 36547.5 Power Control
5.1 Active Power 5.1.1 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be configured with active control mode in accordance with the application mode and access voltage level, including local autonomous control and remote command control. Autonomous control may include primary frequency control, backup power supply and tracking plan curve control, etc. 5.1.2 When the user-side electrochemical energy storage system responds to the active power control command, the charge / discharge response time shall be not greater than 500 ms, the charge / discharge adjustment time shall be not greater than 2 s, the charge-to-discharge conversion time and the discharge-to-charge conversion time shall be not greater than 500 ms; the active power control deviation shall not exceed 1% of the rated power. 5.1.3 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system that accepts power dispatching shall be able to receive and execute power grid dispatching instructions or power plans, and the power regulation rate and regulation accuracy shall meet the requirements of the dispatching institution. 5.1.4 The control mode, response capability and response performance of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system participating in the electricity market shall meet the requirements of electricity market rules. 5.2 Reactive Voltage 5.2.1 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall have modes, such as: reactive power / voltage control, power factor control and reactive power control, etc., and should have the function of online switching control mode. 5.2.2 The power factor of the point of connection of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be continuously adjustable within the range of 0.9 (leading) ~ 0.9 (lagging). 5.2.3 Within the adjustable range of reactive power, the reactive power control deviation of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall not exceed 3% of the rated power. Where, It---the dynamic reactive current increment of the electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A); K1---the dynamic reactive current proportionality coefficient of the electrochemical energy storage system; Ut---the per unit value of the voltage at the point of connection of the electrochemical energy storage system; IN---the AC side rated current of the electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A). 2) The dynamic reactive current proportionality coefficient K1 of the electrochemical energy storage system can be determined in accordance with the actual situation of the power system, and the value range should be 1.5 ~ 3. 3) During the voltage drop at the point of connection, the maximum output capacity of the reactive current of the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not lower than 1.05 times the rated current IN. 4) From the moment the voltage at the point of connection drops, the response time of the dynamic reactive current of the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not greater than 30 ms; from the moment the voltage at the point of connection recovers to more than 85% of the rated voltage, the electrochemical energy storage system shall exit the dynamic reactive current increment within 30 ms. b) The capability of dynamic reactive power support during asymmetric faults. 1) When the positive sequence component of the voltage at the point of connection of the electrochemical energy storage system is 60% ~ 85% of the rated voltage, the positive sequence reactive current injected by the electrochemical energy storage system into the power grid shall be the sum of the positive sequence reactive current output value I0 during normal operation before the voltage drops and the dynamic positive sequence reactive current increment ΔI0, and the negative sequence reactive current absorbed from the power grid shall be the difference between the negative sequence reactive current output value I0 during normal operation before the voltage drops and the dynamic negative sequence reactive current increment ΔI0, and the dynamic positive and negative sequence reactive current increments shall meet the requirements of Formula (2): Where, ΔIt ---the positive sequence dynamic reactive current increment injected by the electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A); K2---the dynamic positive sequence reactive current proportionality coefficient of the electrochemical energy storage system; Ut ---the per unit value of the positive sequence component of the voltage at the point of connection of the electrochemical energy storage system; IN---the AC side rated current of the electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A); It---the negative sequence dynamic reactive current increment absorbed by the electrochemical energy storage system, expressed in (A); K2---the dynamic negative sequence reactive current proportionality coefficient of electrochemical energy storage system; Ut---the per unit value of the negative sequence component of the voltage at the point of connection of the electrochemical energy storage system. 2) Dynamic positive and negative sequence reactive current proportionality coefficient K2 and K2 can be determined in accordance with the actual situation of the power system and should be not less than 1.0. 3) The positive and negative sequence dynamic reactive current response time of the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not greater than 30 ms. 4) During the voltage drop at the point of connection, the maximum output capacity of the reactive current of the electrochemical energy storage system shall be not lower than 1.05 times the rated current IN. 5) When the positive sequence component of the voltage at the point of connection is less than 60% of the rated voltage, the electrochemical energy storage system should inject positive sequence dynamic reactive current into the power grid and absorb negative sequence dynamic reactive current from the power grid, based on the actual control capability of the energy storage converter and the grid conditions, to which, the electrochemical energy storage system is connected, on the premise of not boosting the voltage imbalance at the point of connection. 6.1.3 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system that is not disconnected from the distribution network during voltage drop, from the moment the voltage at the point of connection recovers to more than 85% of the rated voltage, it shall have the capability of quickly restoring the active power. The rate of change of active power recovery should be not less than 30% of the rated active power per second. d) The voltage imbalance complies with the provisions of GB/T 15543. 8.2 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 10(6) kV or above, a Class A power quality monitoring device that meets the requirements of GB/T 19862 shall be installed at the point of connection, and the power quality monitoring data shall be kept for at least one year. 8.3 The point of common coupling of the electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 380 V should be equipped with equipment with the function of online power quality monitoring.9 Start-stop
9.1 The changes in power quality caused by the start and stop of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 8. 9.2 If a disturbance occurs in the power system, after the user-side electrochemical energy storage system is disconnected from the grid, the user-side electrochemical energy storage system is not allowed to be connected to the grid until the voltage and frequency of the distribution network recovers to the normal operating range. The restoration of grid connection of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 10(6) kV shall be approved by the grid dispatching institution. The grid connection of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 380 V shall be delayed, and the delay setting value of grid connection shall be greater than 20 s.10 Relay Protection
10.1 The protection of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall comply with the provisions of reliability, selectivity, sensitivity and speed, and the protection configuration of the point of connection shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 14285 and GB/T 33982. 10.2 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 10(6) kV, an easy-to-operate and lockable disconnecting device that has obvious disconnecting point and grounding function and can disconnect fault currents shall be installed at the point of connection. The point of connection shall be equipped with under-frequency, over-frequency, under-voltage, and over-voltage fault disconnection and staged current protection functions. 10.3 For the user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 380 V / 220 V, an easy-to-operate switchgear that has obvious disconnection indications and can disconnect fault currents shall be installed at the point of connection. The switchgear shall have over-current protection and under-voltage tripping functions. 10.4 The protection setting value of the point of connection of the user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be coordinated with the protection of the switch at the point of common coupling and the switch in the user’s distribution network. 10.5 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected via a voltage level of 380 V / 220 V shall be equipped with residual current protection, and the action current and breaking time shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 13955. 10.6 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall have an islanding detection function. When an unplanned islanding is detected, within 2 seconds, the energy storage system shall be disconnected from the user’s distribution network. The anti-islanding protection shall be coordinated with the backup power supply switching of the user’s distribution network and the reclosing of the public power grid distribution line. 10.7 For user-side electrochemical energy storage systems that do not allow reverse power transmission to the grid, the public connection point should have a reverse power protection function.11 Information and Communication
11.1 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system shall be able to collect and record system operation data, electric energy, remote control and remote regulation information, as well as energy storage system alarm and protection action information. 11.2 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected to the dispatching automation system shall meet the requirements of the grid dispatching institution in terms of communication mode, transmission channel, information transmission content, information provision mode and real-time performance, etc. with the grid dispatching institution. The information security protection shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 36572. 11.3 The user-side electrochemical energy storage system connected to the dispatching automation system shall provide the following information. a) Electrical analog quantities: frequency, voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, etc. of the point of connection. b) Electric energy and energy status: daily charging capacity, daily discharging capacity, rechargeable capacity, dischargeable capacity, energy status, etc. c) Status quantities: system operation status, point of connection disconnection equipment status, alarm and fault information, telecontrol terminal status, communication status, etc. d) Remote control and remote regulation: start / stop of energy storage system, remote input of active power control dispatching request, remote input of reactive power control dispatching request, reactive power / voltage control mode, active power target value, reactive power / voltage target value, etc. e) Other information: other information required by electricity market rules and grid connection dispatching protocol. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
