GB/T 150.3-2024 PDF English
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Pressure vessels - Part 3: Design
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| GB 150.3-2011 | English | 145 |
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[Replaced by GB/T 150.3-2024] Pressure vessels -- Part 3: Design
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GB/T 150.3-2024: Pressure vessels - Part 3: Design---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT150.3-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 23.020.30
CCS J 74
Replacing GB/T 150.3-2011
Pressure vessels - Part 3.Design
Issued on: JULY 24, 2024
Implemented on: FEBRUARY 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 7
1 Scope... 9
2 Normative references... 9
3 Terms and definitions... 11
4 General rules... 11
5 Internal pressure cylinders and internal pressure spherical shells... 13
6 External pressure cylinder and external pressure spherical shell... 16
7 Head... 48
8 Openings and opening reinforcement... 104
9 Flange... 146
Appendix A (Normative) Non-circular cross-section vessels... 196
Appendix B (Normative) Steel ribbon wrapped cylinder... 243
Appendix C (Normative) Sealing structure... 248
Appendix D (Normative) Weld joint structure... 302
Appendix E (Normative) Vessels with design temperature below -20 °C... 331
Appendix F (Normative) Verification method for prevention of pressure vessel from
low temperature brittle fracture... 345
Appendix G (Normative) Basic requirements for jacketed vessels... 358
Pressure vessels - Part 3.Design
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies the general design requirements for pressure vessels and
the design requirements for basic pressure components.
1.2 This document is applicable to the design calculation of internal pressure cylinders
and internal pressure spherical shells, external pressure cylinders and external pressure
spherical shells, heads, openings and opening reinforcements, flanges.
1.3 This document specifies the basic design requirements for non-circular cross-
section vessels (see Appendix A), steel ribbon wrapped cylinders (see Appendix B),
common sealing structures (see Appendix C), welded joint structures (see Appendix D),
jacketed vessels (see Appendix G); the basic design requirements for vessels with a
design temperature below -20 °C (see Appendix E); the verification methods for
preventing low-temperature brittle fracture of pressure vessels (see Appendix F).
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document
through normative references in the text. Among them, for reference documents with
dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates apply to this document; for reference
documents without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) apply to this
document.
GB/T 150.1-2024 Pressure vessels - Part 1.General requirements
GB/T 150.2-2024 Pressure vessels - Part 2.Materials
GB/T 150.4-2024 Pressure vessels - Part 4.Fabrication, inspection and testing, and
acceptance
GB/T 228 (all parts) Metallic materials - Tensile testing
GB/T 229 Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test method
GB/T 713.2 Steel plate, sheet and strip for pressure equipment - Part 2.Non-alloy
and alloy steel with specified temperature properties
GB/T 713.3 Steel plate, sheet and strip for pressure equipment - Part 3.Low alloy
steel with specified low temperature properties
NB/T 47013.2 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 2.Radiographic
testing
NB/T 47013.3 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 3.Ultrasonic
testing
NB/T 47013.4 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 4.Magnetic
particle testing
NB/T 47013.5 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipment - Part 5.Penetrant
testing
NB/T 47014 Welding procedure qualification for pressure equipment
NB/T 47016 Mechanical property tests of product welded test coupons for pressure
equipment
NB/T 47018 (all parts) Ordering technical conditions for welding consumables for
pressure equipment
NB/T 47019.4 Technical conditions for ordering boiler and heat exchanger tubes -
Part 4.Low alloy steel for low temperature
NB/T 47020 Type and specification for pressure vessel flanges
NB/T 47021 A-type socket-weld flange
NB/T 47022 B-type socket-weld flange
NB/T 47023 Welding neck flange
ISO 10423 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and production equipment
- Wellhead and tree equipment
TSG 21 Supervision regulation on safety technology for stationary pressure vessel
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions, which are defined in GB/T 150.1-2024, GB/T 26929, GB/T
4732, apply to this document.
4 General rules
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Accept the design conditions proposed by the user or the client; check their
completeness, standardization, feasibility.
4.1.2 Determine the main failure modes and corresponding failure criteria; conduct risk
assessment when necessary.
4.1.3 Determine the main standards, specifications, calculation methods based on which
the design is based.
4.1.4 Determine or confirm the medium characteristics (explosion hazard and toxicity,
corrosiveness, etc.) and medium grouping, corrosion type, corrosion allowance, design
service life.
4.1.5 Determine or confirm the design working conditions and design conditions.
4.1.6 Determine the material of each component according to GB/T 150.2-2024,
including the material designation, allowable stress, mechanical properties, supply
status of the material. If necessary, the re-inspection requirements of the component
material and the low-temperature and high-temperature performance indicators shall
also be proposed. When the design temperature of the pressure vessel is lower than the
lower limit of the material use temperature specified in GB/T 150.2-2024, the low-
temperature brittle fracture prevention check shall be carried out according to Appendix
F.
4.1.7 Determine or confirm the connection form of the pressure-bearing components,
the support form of the vessel, etc.
4.1.8 Determine the loads to be considered, the principles of load combination, etc.
4.1.9 Propose corresponding manufacturing technical requirements, including
processing and forming, welding, assembly, non-destructive testing, heat treatment,
pressure resistance test, leakage test, etc.
4.2 Additional requirements
This document specifies the basic design requirements for non-circular cross-section
vessels, steel ribbon wrapped cylinders, common sealing structures, welded joint
structures, jacketed vessels, vessels with a design temperature below -20 °C, as well as
the verification method for preventing low-temperature brittle fracture of pressure
vessels, among which.
a) The additional requirements for the design, manufacture, and acceptance of non-
circular cross-section vessels shall be in accordance with the provisions of
Appendix A;
b) The additional requirements for the design of steel ribbon wrapped cylinders shall
be in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B;
c) The additional requirements for the design of common sealing structures shall be
in accordance with the provisions of Appendix C;
d) The additional requirements for the design and manufacture of welded joint
structures shall be in accordance with the provisions of Appendix D;
e) The additional requirements for the materials and design of vessels with a design
temperature below -20 °C shall be in accordance with the provisions of Appendix
E;
f) The additional requirements for the verification method for preventing low-
temperature brittle fracture of pressure vessels shall be in accordance with the
provisions of Appendix F;
g) The basic design requirements for jacketed vessels shall be in accordance with the
provisions of Appendix G.
5 Internal pressure cylinders and internal pressure spherical
shells
5.1 General provisions
Single-layer, multi-layer wrapped, shrink fit cylinders and spherical shells subjected to
internal pressure shall be calculated according to the formulas of this chapter. The
design calculation of the steel ribbon wrapped winding cylinder shall be carried out
according to Appendix B.
5.2 Terms, definitions, symbols
5.2.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 150.1-2024 apply to this chapter.
5.2.2 Symbols
The following symbols apply to this chapter.
Di - Inner diameter of cylinder or spherical shell, mm;
Do - Outer diameter of cylinder or spherical shell (Do = Di + 2δn), mm;
K - Diameter ratio, K = Do/Di;
pc - Calculated pressure, MPa;
[pw] - Maximum allowable working pressure of cylinder or spherical shell, MPa;
δ - Calculated thickness of cylinder or spherical shell, mm;
δe - Effective thickness of cylinder or spherical shell, mm;
δi - Nominal thickness of inner cylinder of multi-layer wrapped cylinder or inner
cylinder of shrink fit cylinder, mm;
δn - Nominal thickness of cylinder or spherical shell, mm;
δo - Total thickness of laminated layer of multi-layer wrapped cylinder or shrink fit
layer of shrink fit cylinder, mm;
σt - Calculated stress of cylinder or spherical shell at design temperature, MPa;
- Hoop stress of cylinder at design temperature, MPa;
[σ]t - Allowable stress of cylinder or spherical shell material at design temperature
(according to GB/T 150.2-2024), MPa;
[σi]t - Allowable stress of multi-layer wrapped cylinder’s inner cylinder or shrink fit
cylinder’s inner cylinder material at design temperature (according to GB/T 150.2-
2024), MPa;
[σo]t - Allowable stress of laminates of multi-layer wrapped cylinder layer or shrink
fit layer materials of shrink fit cylinder at design temperature, MPa;
ϕ - Welding joint coefficient;
ϕi - Welding joint coefficient of multi-layer wrapped cylinder or shrink fit cylinder’s
inner cylinder;
ϕo - Welding joint coefficient of laminates of multi-layer wrapped cylinder layer or
shrink fit cylinder’s shrink fit layer.
5.3 Cylinder calculation
The applicable range of formula (5-1) ~ formula (5-8) is K ≤ 1.5 or pc ≤ 0.4[σ]tϕ.
a) The calculated thickness of the cylinder at the design temperature is calculated
according to formula (5-1) or formula (5-2).
b) The hoop stress of the cylinder is calculated according to formula (5-3) or formula
6 External pressure cylinder and external pressure spherical
shell
6.1 General provisions
The provisions of this chapter apply to the design of external pressure cylinders
(including pipes) and external pressure spherical shells.
6.2 Terms, definitions, symbols
6.2.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions in GB/T 150.1-2024 apply to this chapter.
6.2.2 Symbols
The following symbols apply to this chapter.
A - External pressure strain coefficient;
As - Cross-sectional area of the reinforcement ring, mm2;
B - External pressure stress coefficient, MPa;
Di - Inner diameter of cylinder, mm;
Do - Outer diameter of the cylinder (Do = Di + 2δn), mm;
Et - Elastic modulus of the material at design temperature, MPa;
hi - Depth of the head’s curved surface, mm;
hs1, hs2 - Reinforcement ring parameters, see Figure 6-18, mm;
I - Required moment of inertia of the combined section of the reinforcement ring
and the cylinder, mm4;
Is - Moment of inertia of the combined section of the reinforcement ring and the
effective section of the cylinder that plays a reinforcing role to the centroid axis of
the section parallel to the axis of the cylinder, mm4;
L - Calculated length of the cylinder, mm;
LS - Half of the sum of the distances from the center line of the reinforcement ring
to the center lines of the adjacent two sides of the reinforcement ring. If it is adjacent
to a convex head, 1/3 of the depth of the head surface shall also be included in the
length, mm;
pc - Calculated external pressure, MPa;
[p] - Allowable external pressure, MPa;
ReL (Rp0.2) - Standard room temperature yield strength (or 0.2% non-proportional
elongation strength) of cylinder or tube material, MPa;
- Design temperature yield strength (or 0.2% non-proportional
elongation strength) of cylinder or tube material, MPa;
Ro - External radius of spherical shell, mm;
t - Gap of intermittent weld, mm;
δe - Effective thickness of cylinder or spherical shell, mm;
δn - Nominal thickness of cylinder or spherical shell, mm;
δs1, δs2 - Reinforcement ring parameters, see Figure 6-18, mm;
σo - Stress, MPa;
[σ]t - Allowable stress of cylinder or tube material at design temperature (according
to GB/T 150.2-2024), MPa.
6.3 Stability check of external pressure cylinder
6.3.1 Determination of calculated length
The calculated length of the cylinder shall be the distance between two adjacent support
lines on the cylinder, see Figure 6-1, which shall meet the following requirements.
a) As shown in a-1) and a-2) in Figure 6-1, the calculated length shall be the total
length of the cylinder plus 1/3 of the depth of the curved surface of each convex
head. According to the sub-Figure a-2), the length L shown, the outer diameter of
each cylinder at the connection, the corresponding thickness shall be used for
design calculation. The required thickness of the conical shell without folding
edge or conical shell with folding edge and transition section shall not be less than
the required thickness of the connected cylinder. In addition, when the conical
shell and the cylinder are connected without folding edge, it shall also meet the
area verification requirements (see 7.6.6.4.1 or 7.6.6.5.1).
b) As shown in b-1) in Figure 6-1, the calculated length shall be the total length of
the equipment. At this time, the length L shown, the outer diameter of each
cylinder at the connection, the corresponding thickness shall be used for design
calculation. The required thickness of the conical shell without folding edge or
conical shell with folding edge and transition section shall not be less than the
required thickness of the connected cylinder. In addition, when the connection
between the conical shell and the cylinder is not provided with a folded edge, it
shall also meet the area verification requirements (see 7.6.6.4.1 or 7.6.6.5.1).
As shown in b-2) in Figure 6-1, when the connection between the cylinder and the
conical shell can be considered as a support line, the calculated length of the cylinder
part is the total length of the cylinder. The connection between the cylinder and the
conical shell shall meet the requirements of 7.6.6.4 or 7.6.6.5.When the moment of
inertia of the cylinder-conical shell combined section as a support line is insufficient,
a cylinder-conical shell-reinforcement ring combined structure is allowed to
increase the moment of inertia of the combined section to meet the requirements of
7.6.6.4.2 or 7.6.6.5.2.
c) As shown in c-1) and c-2) in Figure 6-1, when the cylinder part has a
reinforcement ring (or can be used as a reinforcement member), the calculated
length is the distance between the center lines of adjacent reinforcement rings.
According to c-2) in Figure 6-1, the length L shown, the outer diameter of each
cylinder at the connection, the corresponding thickness shall be used for design
calculation. The required thickness of the conical shell without folded edge or the
conical shell with folded edge and the transition section shall not be less than the
required thickness of the connected cylinder. In addition, when the conical shell and
the cylinder are connected without folded edges, it shall meet the area verification
requirements (see 7.6.6.4.1 or 7.6.6.5.1).
d) As shown in d) in Figure 6-1, the calculated length is the distance between the
center line of the first reinforcement ring of the cylinder and the tangent line of
the convex head plus 1/3 of the depth of the convex head’s curved surface.
e) As shown in e-1), e-2), f) in Figure 6-1, when the connection between the cylinder
and the conical shell can be used as a support line, the calculated length is the
distance between this connection and the adjacent support line. The connection
between the cylinder and the conical shell shall meet the requirements of 7.6.6.4
or 7.6.6.5; when the moment of inertia of the cylinder-conical shell combined
section as the support line is insufficient, the cylinder-conical shell-reinforcement
ring combined structure is allowed to increase the moment of inertia of the
7 Head
7.1 General provisions
This chapter specifies the design methods of the bracing structures of convex heads,
flat covers, conical heads (including eccentric conical shells), reducers, forged
tightening ports, internal pressure components under internal or external pressure.
Among them, convex heads include elliptical heads, dished heads, spherical heads (see
Figures 7-1 ~ 7-3) and hemispherical heads.
Hemispherical heads are calculated according to Chapter 5 or Chapter 6.
Figure 7-1 -- Elliptical
head Figure 7-2 -- Dished head
Figure 7-3 -- Spherical
head
7.2 Terms, definitions, symbols
7.2.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 150.1-2024 apply to this chapter.
7.2.2 Symbols
The following symbols apply to this chapter.
Di - The inner diameter of the head or the inner diameter of the cylinder connected
to it, mm;
Do - The outer diameter of the head or the outer diameter of the cylinder connected
to it, mm;
hi - The inner depth of the curved surface of the convex head, mm;
pc - Calculated pressure, MPa;
[pw] - The maximum allowable working pressure of the head, MPa;
- The yield strength of the elliptical or dished head material at the design
temperature, MPa;
δ - The calculated thickness of the cylinder connected to the head, mm;
δb - The calculated thickness of the head to prevent buckling due to internal pressure,
mm;
δc - The calculated thickness of the head according to the internal pressure strength,
mm;
δe - The effective thickness of the cylinder connected to the head, mm;
δeh - The effective thickness of the convex head, mm;
δh - The calculated thickness of the convex head, mm;
δn - The nominal thickness of the cylinder connected to the head, mm;
δnh - The nominal thickness of the convex head, mm;
δr - Calculated thickness of the reinforcement section or transition section connected
to the head and the cylinder, mm;
[σ]t - Allowable stress of the head material at design temperature (according to GB/T
150.2-2024), MPa;
- Allowable stress of the cylinder material connected to the head at design
temperature (according to GB/T 150.2-2024), MPa;
ϕ - Welding joint coefficient (according to GB/T 150.1-2024);
h0 - Depth of the outer curved surface of the convex head, h0 = hi + δnh, mm;
α - Semi-apex angle of the conical shell, (°).
7.3 Elliptical head
7.3.1 Selection of elliptical head
Elliptical heads generally adopt the standard type of Di/2hi = 2.0.
7.3.2 Elliptical head under internal pressure (concave pressure)
Considering the two failure modes of strength and buckling, the design calculation of
the elliptical head is carried out according to the following steps.
a) Perform internal pressure strength calculation according to 7.3.2.1, to determine
the internal pressure strength calculation thickness δc of the elliptical head;
b) Determine the possibility of internal pressure buckling of the elliptical head
according to 7.3.2.2;
c) When internal pressure buckling may occur, determine the anti-buckling
calculation thickness δb of the elliptical head according to 7.3.2.3;
d) Determine the calculated thickness δh of the elliptical head and the maximum
allowable working pressure [pw] according to 7.3.2.4.
7.3.2.1 Design of internal pressure strength of elliptical head
Determine the internal pressure strength calculation thickness δc of the elliptical head
according to formula (7-1) or formula (7-2).
Where.
K - Elliptical head shape coefficient,, the value is shown in
Appendix A
(Normative)
Non-circular cross-section vessels
A.1 General
A.1.1 This Appendix specifies the design, manufacture, and acceptance of non-circular
cross-section vessels.
A.1.2 The design method given in this Appendix is applicable to vessels with
rectangular, oblong, elliptical cross-section shapes, as shown in Figures A.1 ~ A.8 and
A.10 ~ A.14.For non-circular vessels with other cross-section shapes, other methods
can be used to calculate membrane stress and bending stress, which are then verified
according to the strength conditions of this Appendix.
A.1.3 The calculation formula in this Appendix only considers the membrane stress and
bending stress caused by internal pressure loads. For local stresses caused by other
mechanical loads (such as the reaction force generated by supports, pipes or other
components) and thermal stresses, other appropriate methods shall be used for
calculation; the strength conditions can be determined according to A.3.
A.1.4 The calculation formula in this Appendix is applicable to the case where the
aspect ratio of the vessel (the ratio of the vessel length to the length of the inner long
side or the long axis of the cross section) is greater than 4.For vessels with an aspect
ratio of less than 4, the formula in this Appendix can still be used for calculation, but
the result will be conservative. If the strengthening effect of the end cover is considered,
a more accurate method can also be used for design calculation.
A.1.5 When designing and calculating the vessel according to this Appendix, the
structural dimensions (such as thickness, reinforcement dimensions, etc.) shall be
determined first; then the stress calculation and verification shall be carried out as
required, until the strength requirements are met.
A.2 Symbols
The following symbols apply to this Appendix.
A - Parameter, see Table A.1, mm.
A1 - Cross-sectional area of the reinforcement on the short side panel, mm2.
A2 - Cross-sectional area of the reinforcement on the long side panel, mm2.
A3 - Parameter, see Table A.1, mm.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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