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HJ 596.1-2010: Water quality. Vocabulary. Part 1
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HJ 596.1-2010: Water quality. Vocabulary. Part 1

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Water quality.Vocabulary.Part 1 National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic HJ 596.1~7-2010 replaces GB 6816-86 and GB 11915-89 Water quality vocabulary part one (equivalent to ISO 6107.1-2004) Released on.2010-11-05 2011-03-01 Implementation Ministry of Environmental Protection released HJ 596.1～7-2010 Ministry of Environmental Protection announcement No. 81 of.2010 In order to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", protect the environment, and protect human health, the first part of the Water Quality Vocabulary The seven standards, such as “Division”, are national environmental protection standards and are released. The standard name and number are as follows. Second, the second part of the water quality vocabulary (HJ 596.2-2010); Third, the third part of the water quality vocabulary (HJ 596.3-2010); Fourth, the fourth part of the water quality vocabulary (HJ 596.4-2010); V. Water quality vocabulary part 5 (HJ 596.5-2010); 6. The sixth part of the water quality vocabulary (HJ 596.6-2010); 7. Water quality vocabulary Part 7 (HJ 596.7-2010). The above standards have been implemented since March 1,.2011 and published by the China Environmental Science Press. The standard content can be found on the website of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. From the date of implementation of the above standards, the following two national environmental protection standards approved and issued by the former National Environmental Protection Agency shall be abolished. The name and number are as follows. 1. The first part and the second part of the water quality vocabulary (GB 6816-86); Second, the water quality vocabulary from the third part to the seventh part (GB 11915-89). Special announcement. November 5,.2010

Foreword

To protect the environment and protect human health in order to implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Water Pollution Prevention and Control Kang, standardize water quality vocabulary, and develop this standard. This standard is for the first part and the second part of the water quality vocabulary (GB 6816-86) and the third part of the water quality vocabulary ~ Revision of Part VII (GB 11915-89). This standard was first published in 1986 and 1989 respectively. The original drafting unit was China Environmental Monitoring Station. This is the first revision. The revised standard is divided into seven parts. 1. Water quality vocabulary part one; 2. Water quality vocabulary part two; 3. Water quality vocabulary part III; 4. Water quality vocabulary part IV; 5. Water quality vocabulary part five; 6. Part 6 of the water quality vocabulary; 7. Part 7 of the water quality vocabulary. The definition of the vocabulary in this section is a term specifically designed for water quality features, including the terminology of the first part of the Water Quality Vocabulary and Definition (including corresponding English terms), which may be the same as the terminology currently published at home and abroad, but when applied to different fields, they The definition may also be different. This part of the vocabulary is equivalent to the international standard "Water Quality Vocabulary Part 1" (ISO 6107.1-2004), English terms and ISO 6107.1-2004 is consistent. Some entries may appear twice, but the interpretation is different and applies to the interpretation of different situations. From the date of implementation of this standard, the national environmental protection standard “Water” approved and issued by the former National Environmental Protection Agency on October 10, 1986 The first part and the second part of the vocabulary (GB 6816-86) and the original National Environmental Protection Agency approved and released on December 25, 1989 The national environmental protection standard "Water Quality Vocabulary Part III - Part 7" (GB 11915-89) is abolished. This standard was formulated by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. This standard is mainly drafted by. China Environmental Monitoring Center, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Monitoring Experimental Center. This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on November 5,.2010. This standard has been implemented since March 1,.2011. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Water quality vocabulary part one

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the terms that are specifically provided for water quality characteristics.

2 noun terms

Storm water; storm water runoff Ground runoff discharged into waterways due to heavy rain. 2.2 storm sewage The ground runoff formed by the rain or snow (ice) melting is mixed with the sewage. 2.3 hypertrophic water hypertrophic water Refers to a type of eutrophic water body with a very high level of eutrophication, which is characterized by extreme algal blooms. 2.4 precipitation sedimentation The process of sedimentation of suspended solids from water or wastewater under the action of gravity. 2.5 stratification An obvious level of presence or formation in a body of water. It is identified by temperature, salt properties and different oxygen or nutrients. 2.6 Ozone treatment ozonation Ozone is introduced into water or wastewater to achieve disinfection, oxidation of organic matter, or removal of bad odor. 2.7 effluent Water or wastewater discharged from treatment plants, industrial processes, and reservoirs. 2.8 degassing de-aeration Part or all of the dissolved air in the water is removed. 2.9 Deoxygenation deoxygenation The process of partially or completely removing oxygen dissolved in water under natural conditions or by physical or chemical means. 2.10 treated sewage; treated wastewater; After partial or complete treatment of sewage, the treatment is intended to remove or mineralize organic and other materials therein. 2.11 surface water Water flowing through or resting on the surface of the land. 2.12 Groundwater groundwater Water that is stored underground and that can usually be removed from the ground. 2.13 Electrodialysis electrodialysis A deionization process in which ions in water pass through an ion exchange membrane for migration under the action of an electric field. 2.14 sewage saprophytic water polysaprobic water Extremely deficient, extremely polluted water with a very limited number of invertebrates and a large number of bacteria. 2.15 reverse osmosis reverse osmosis Pressurizing a high concentration solution, when the osmotic pressure difference is exceeded, the water permeates through the film from the high concentration solution to the low concentration solution. 2.16 denitrification denitrification Usually by the action of bacteria, the nitrogenous compounds (especially nitrates and nitrites) in water or wastewater are released as nitrogen or nitrous oxide. Out. 2.17 fluorination fluoridation The fluorine-containing compound is added to the drinking water, and the fluoride ion concentration is adjusted to keep it within the allowable range. 2.18 flotation flotation; floatation A method of floating suspended solids in water to the surface of the water. For example, using a gassing method. 2.19 humus detritus An organic substance formed by the decomposition of microorganisms in the soil by microorganisms. 2.20 Humus detritus A coarse inorganic residue with organic matter that can be transported by flowing water. 2.21 Eutrophic water Nutrients are abundant and there are few aquatic species, but there are quite a few waters in the amount of nutrients and aquatic organisms. 2.22 water supply supply water It is usually water that has been treated into a distribution network or a supply basin. 2.23 industrial wastewater Water discharged during industrial production. 2.24 industrial water industrial water Water used in industrial production processes. 2.25 oligotrophic oligotrophic Used to describe a body of water, which refers to a lack of nutrients in water and contains a large variety of aquatic organisms. This water body is characterized by The brightness is high, the concentration of oxygen in the upper water is high, and the bottom sediment is usually light brown and contains only a small amount of organic matter. 2.26 boiler water boiler water The water stored in the boiler during boiler operation has certain quality requirements. 2.27 filtration filtration The passage of water through a layer of porous material or a screen of suitable pore size to remove suspended particulates. 2.28 aerobic condition Describe a condition in which dissolved oxygen is present. 2.29 lake bottom hydrosphere hypolimnion The water below the layered water body thermocline. 2.30 Lake warm water layer epilimnion The water above the thermocline of the layered water body. 2.31 septic tank septic tank A closed sedimentation tank that can be vented. The solids trapped by the sewage flowing through the pool are decomposed by anaerobic bacteria. Note. Residues must be removed frequently. 2.32 chemical treatment The process of adding a chemical reagent to achieve a specific effect. Use chemical, physicochemical and biochemical actions to remove contaminants from water. 2.33 chemical coagulation The addition of a coagulating agent causes the unstable, dispersed colloidal material to polymerize into a floc, a chemical coagulum. 2.34 Activated sludge activated sludge In the process of sewage treatment, the floc formed by the microbial growth by microorganisms is formed by bacteria and protozoa. Community, which can effectively adsorb and degrade pollutants in water. The activated sludge is divided into aerobic activated sludge and anaerobic activated sludge. Under normal circumstances Refers to the activated sludge formed by the aerobic treatment process. 2.35 activated sludge treatment A method of biologically treating wastewater by using activated sludge under oxygen supply conditions. 2.36 adsorption efficiency of activated sludge The quantified percentage of a substance to be tested that is removed by activated sludge under a specific batch of aqueous medium test conditions. 2.37 active sludge suspended solids concentration of suspended solids of an activated sludge The weight obtained by filtering a known volume of activated sludge through a 30 μm orifice and constant weight at around 105 °C. 2.38 polyelectrolytes polyelectrolytes Ionic group-containing polymers in which certain types of polymers are used as flocculent particles or agglomerated suspended solids. 2.39 cooling water cooling water Water used to absorb or transfer heat. 2.40 ideal natural community expected natural community There are only natural stresses in the river, and human communities that are less disturbed by humans. 2.41 centrifugation centrifugation The process of dehydration from sewage sludge under the action of centrifugal force. 2.42 ion exchange ion exchange The process by which certain anions or cations in the water are replaced by other ions through the filter bed of the ion exchange material. 2.43 ion exchange material ion-exchange material A material that is capable of reversible ion exchange with a liquid in contact with it (without substantial structural changes). 2.44 regeneration of the ion exchange material The ion exchange process that restores the used ion exchange material to its effective exchange state. 2.45 ion exchange mixed bed mixed bed (Ion exchange) A filter bed consisting of a mechanically mixed mixture of an anion exchange material and a cation exchange material. 2.46 sterilization sterilization The process of inactivating or eliminating all living organisms in the water, including vegetative and spore-propagating forms, and viruses. 2.47 condensed flocculation The process of agglomerating small particles into separable large particles, usually by mechanical, physical, chemical or biological means. 2.48 Concentration (thickening) thickening The process of thickening solids in sludge by dehydration. 2.49 aeration aeration The process of introducing air into a liquid. 2.50 demineralization (demineralization) demineralization Physical, chemical or biological means to reduce the amount of dissolved salts or minerals in water. 2.51 deionization deionization Partial or complete removal of ions, especially with ion exchange resins. 2.52 softening softening The process of removing most of the calcium and magnesium ions from the water. 2.53 domestic sewage sewage; domestic waste water Liquid waste from residential areas. 2.54 biological filter; trickling filter; percolating filter The wastewater is diafiltered through a filter layer consisting of a rough surface inert material, which is purified by the active biofilm on the inert material. The device of purpose. 2.55 Bottom deposit Concentrations of organic matter that may accumulate in rivers, lakes, or seabed due to natural erosion, biological processes, or wastewater discharge. 2.56 water quality standard A value that allows water to be used as a water quality benchmark for a particular type of water. 2.57 water quality benchmark water quality criteria A set of characteristic parameters of water quality used to assess the suitability of a particular use. 2.58 Dechlorination dechlorination The residual chlorine in the water is removed in whole or in part by chemical or physical means. 2.59 degassing degasification The gas dissolved in the water is removed in whole or in part, usually by physical means. 2.60 dehydration dehydration The process of physically reducing the water content in the wet sludge. 2.61 desalting desalination The process of removing salts from water. 2.62 thermocline thermocline The layer with the highest temperature gradient when the water is stratified by temperature. 2.63 sludge sludge Settling solids separated from various types of water by natural or artificial processes. 2.64 sewage plant effluent effluence effluent; waste effluent Treated sewage discharged from a sewage treatment plant. 2.65 physicochemical treatment A physico-chemical integrated treatment method used to achieve a specific effect. 2.66 bacterial bed bacteria bed An active biofilm. Note. See Biofilter (2.54). 2.67 disinfection disinfection Specifically refers to the water treatment process that destroys or inactivates all pathogenic microorganisms. 2.68 digestion digestion The organic matter is stabilized by the decomposition of microorganisms. Generally refers to the process of stabilizing sludge under anaerobic conditions. 2.69 nitrification nitrification Bacterial oxidation of nitrogenous substances by bacteria. The oxidized intermediate is nitrite and the final product is nitrate. 2.70 floc floc Since flocculation forms a substance visible to the naked eye in the liquid, it can usually be separated by gravity or flotation. 2.71 anaerobic condition Describe a condition in which no dissolved oxygen, nitrate and nitrite are present. 2.72 oxidation pond oxidation pond It is used to retain wastewater before final discharge, and it can also be used to treat wastewater. Passing oxygen from the air into the pool in a natural or artificial way In the case of organic oxidation of organic matter. 2.73 drinking water; drinking water; Water of quality consistent with drinking hygiene standards. 2.74 rain water Atmospheric precipitation that has not dissolved soluble matter on the ground. 2.75 prechlorination prechlorination The initial treatment of raw water with chlorine is aimed at inhibiting the growth of bacteria, plants and animals, oxidizing organic and inorganic substances, and assisting coagulation to reduce Stinky and so on. 2.76 raw water raw water Water that has not been treated or entered into the waterworks for disposal. 2.77 raw sewage raw sewage Untreated sewage. 2.78 distillation distillation The process of purifying water by evaporation and condensation. 2.79 natural purification self-purification The process of natural purification of pollutants in environmental waters. ...