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GB/T 46509-2025: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds in toys
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GB/T 46509-2025: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds in toys

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ICS 97.200.50 CCSY57 National Standards of the People's Republic of China Determination of volatile organic compound release from toys Published on 2025-10-05 Implemented on October 5, 2025 State Administration for Market Regulation The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.

Table of Contents

Preface III 1.Scope 1 2 Normative References 1 3.Terms and Definitions 1 4.Principle 2 5.Instruments and Equipment 2 6.Sampling Step 2 7.Determination of formaldehyde release 6. 8.Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), etc. 6. 9.The result indicates 7. 10 Detection limit 9 11 Precision 9 12 Test Report 9 Appendix A (Normative) Requirements for Air Bags 10 Appendix B (Normative) Method for Determination of Formaldehyde Adsorbed in DNPH Collection Tubes 11 Appendix C (Informative) Typical Thermal Desorption Parameters 13 Appendix D (Informative) Typical Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Parameters 14 Appendix E (Informative) Characteristic Ions of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene 15 References 16

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting. Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China National Light Industry Council. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Toy Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC253). This document was drafted by. Shenzhen Institute of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen Inspection Group (Zhejiang) Quality and Technical Service Co., Ltd., and CTI Testing. Certification Group Co., Ltd., Baoju (China) Children's Products Co., Ltd., Yike Testing & Certification Co., Ltd., Shandong Provincial Product Quality Inspection Research Institute, Zhejiang Jintai Toys Co., Ltd., Nanjing Customs Light Industrial Products and Children's Products Testing Center, Shanghai Municipal Quality Supervision and Inspection Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Customs Science and Technology Research Center, Beijing China Light Industry Federation Certification Center Co., Ltd., Shantou Chenghai District Huada Toys Import and export trading company. The main drafters of this document are. He Bo, Zeng Xiaojun, Peng Shangwu, Wang Wenjun, Zou Qixuan, Tao Xiaomei, Gao Cuiling, Liu Chaozi, Lin Junkai, and Chen Shandan. Lu Chunqiang, You Xiaowei, Zhao Xin, Chen Danna. Determination of volatile organic compound release from toys Warning---Personnel using this document should have formal laboratory work experience. This document does not cover all possible safety hazards. Users are responsible for taking appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring compliance with relevant national regulations. 1.Scope This document describes the determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from toys, toy parts, and toy materials, including bag-type... Law and climate cabin law. This document applies to formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) in toys, toy parts, and toy materials. Determination of the release of total reactive organic compounds (TVOCs).

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included. For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies. This document. GB/T 31107 General technical requirements for climate chambers used for the detection of volatile organic compounds in furniture 3.Terms and Definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Separation was performed using a non-polar chromatographic column (polarity index less than 10), and gas chromatography detection was performed with retention times ranging from n-hexane to n-hexadecane (including n-hexane). The sum of organic compounds between alkyl and n-hexadecane. [Source. GB/T 31106-2014, 3.2, with modifications] 3.2 Organic compounds released from the sample and detectable in the outlet gas of the testing equipment. Note. The outlet of the testing equipment refers to the gas outlet of the equipment used to test the release of volatile organic compounds, including the sampling port designed for collecting gas samples. For example, when testing the release of volatile organic compounds using the climate chamber method, the outlet of the testing equipment refers to the exhaust port or sampling port of the climate chamber. [Source. GB/T 31106-2014, 3.1, with modifications] 3.3 The ratio of the total surface area of the sample to the volume of the air bag/the volume of the climate chamber, or the ratio of the total volume of the sample to the volume of the air bag/the volume of the climate chamber. 3.4 flattoys The sample's side area is less than 5% of the total area, and its main characteristic is that it appears as a flat plane. Note. This usually includes various puzzles, graphic cards, stickers, drawing boards, etc. 4.Principles The sample, according to the specified load-bearing capacity, is placed in an air bag or climate chamber to simulate the environmental conditions under which the sample is used for testing. When the specified time has elapsed... Subsequently, gases were collected from the bag or chamber using collection tubes, and formaldehyde was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (TD-GC-MS) was used to determine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). 5.Instruments and Equipment 5.1 Thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). 5.2 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). 5.3 Gas bag. Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film (thickness ≥ 0.05mm), three-switch valve, specifications 10L~2000L. Or other equivalent. Air bag. 5.4 Atmospheric sampler..200mL/min~1000mL/min. 5.5 Constant temperature chamber. air circulation type, temperature controlled within ±2℃. 5.6 Climate Chamber. Common sizes include 60L, 1m3, and 2m3. 5.7 High-purity nitrogen. The purity of nitrogen shall not be less than 99.999%. 5.8 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) trap. 5.9 2,6-Diphenylfuran porous polymer resin (TENAX) collection tube. 6 Sampling Steps 6.1 Sample The sample quantity is 1 piece. If it is a set of products, the entire set is usually considered as one sample. The volume of the packaged sample is based on the package volume. For unpackaged samples, the volume is calculated based on the actual length, width, and height; the sample area is calculated based on the actual exposed area. The cutting and processing of the specimens to meet the required load-bearing capacity, after equilibration treatment, are done using aluminum glue that is free of formaldehyde and TVOC. Edge banding is included. Note. In principle, only one sample should be used for testing. When using the climate chamber method, select a climate chamber of appropriate size based on the sample characteristics. If the sample area/volume is too small, select... If even the smallest climate chamber cannot achieve the specified load-bearing capacity, increase the number of test samples. 6.2 Sample conditioning Before the test, the sample should be assembled in a manner most conducive to the release of hazardous substances, opened, and pretreated. All components of the sample should be inspected. Expose surfaces to the pretreatment environment as much as possible to facilitate gas release. Remove any packaging, such as wrapping paper and plastic film. The pretreatment time was (24±1) h. The pretreatment environmental conditions were. ---Temperature (23±2)℃; ---Relative humidity (50±10)%; ---The distance between samples should be no less than 0.5m to facilitate gas flow; ---The background conditions of the pretreatment environment should meet the following requirements. formaldehyde content not exceeding 0.006 mg/m3, and single-component VOC content not exceeding 0.005 mg/m3. The TVOC content is no more than 0.05 mg/m3. 6.3 Bag Method 6.3.1 Selection of air bags The area load capacity of the air bag (5.3) ranges from 0.50 m²/m³ to 1.5 m²/m³, and should be selected based on the principle of the area load capacity being closest to 1 m²/m³. ...