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General requirements of protection for spaceenvironmental effects on spacecraft
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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB/T 46190-2025 (GB/T46190-2025) |
| Description (Translated English) | General requirements of protection for spaceenvironmental effects on spacecraft |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | V06 |
| Classification of International Standard | 49.020 |
| Word Count Estimation | 42,454 |
| Date of Issue | 2025-10-05 |
| Date of Implementation | 2025-10-05 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation and Standardization Administration of China |
GB/T 46190-2025: General requirements of protection for spaceenvironmental effects on spacecraft
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT46190-2025
ICS 49.020
CCSV06
National Standards of the People's Republic of China
General requirements for protection against spacecraft space environment effects
Published on 2025-10-05
Implemented on October 5, 2025
State Administration for Market Regulation
The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.
Table of Contents
Preface III
1.Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3.Terms and Definitions 1
4.Abbreviations 2
5.Basic Requirements 3
6.Spacecraft Space Environment Effects Protection Workflow 3
7.Analysis of the spatial environment and its effects 4
8.Determination of Space Environmental Effect Protection Design Indicators 6
9.Development of Test Specifications for Spacecraft Space Environment Effects 7
10 General requirements for protection against single-event effects 7
11 General requirements for protection against total ionizing dose effects 8
12 General Requirements for Protection Against Displacement Damage Effects 9
13 General requirements for protection against surface charge-discharge effects 10
14 General requirements for protection against internal electric shock effects 11
15 General Requirements for Protection Against Ultraviolet Radiation Effects 11
16 General Requirements for Protection Against Atomic Oxygen Erosion Effects 12
17 General Requirements for Protection Against Space Debris and Micrometeoroid Impacts 12
18 General Requirements for Pollution Prevention 13
19 General Requirements for Microgravity Effect Protection 14
20 Space magnetic field protection requirements 15
21 Atmospheric and Vacuum Effects Protection Requirements 16
22 Ionospheric Effect Protection Requirements 17
23.Protection requirements against micro-vibration effects 19
24.On-orbit protection against spacecraft space environment effects 20
25 Other 20
Appendix A (Informative) Classification of Device Radiation Sensitivity 21
Appendix B (Informative) Radiation Design Margin 25
Appendix C (Informative) Design Process for Space Radiation Effect Protection 26
Appendix D (Informative) Methods for Predicting Single-Event Effects 29
Appendix E (Informative) Simple Shielding Analysis Method 32
Appendix F (Informative) Surface Charge and Discharge Risks 34
Appendix G (Informative) Risk of Internal Charge Effect 35
Appendix H (Normative) Vacuum Micro-discharge Test Methods 36
Foreword
This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".
Drafting.
Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This document was proposed and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Aerospace Technology (SAC/TC425).
This document was drafted by. Beijing Satellite Environmental Engineering Institute, Beijing Spacecraft Overall Design Department, and the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Learning Center, Shenzhen Star-Ground Twin Technology Co., Ltd., China Academy of Space Technology, Aerospace Dongfanghong Satellite Co., Ltd., Xiangtan University, Xi'an
Longfei Electric Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing Zero Gravity Space Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Beijing
Tiangong Scientific Instruments Space Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document are. Shen Zicai, Hu Yanqi, Ji Qizheng, Ouyang Xiaoping, Qu Shaojie, Yu Qingkui, Zhao Yuxin, Li Changhong, and Wang Shijin.
Wang Ningping, Feng Xueshang, Zhang Zhenlong, Zhang Yuanyuan, Yuan Jungang, Wang Fengbin, Lan Lidong, Tang Xiaobin, Zuo Pingbing, Zhang Qiongyu, Wang Zhizhong, Zhang Kun, Cao Zhiqiang
Liu Wei.
General requirements for protection against spacecraft space environment effects
1.Scope
This document specifies the procedures for protecting spacecraft from the effects of the space environment, including single-event effects, total ionization dose effects, displacement damage effects, and surface effects.
Surface charging and discharging effect, internal charging effect, ultraviolet radiation damage effect, pollution effect, atomic oxygen erosion effect, and impact of space debris and micrometeoroids.
General requirements for protection against the effects.
This document applies to the protection of spacecraft products against space environment effects.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.
For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.
This document.
GB/T 4937.2 Mechanical and climatic testing methods for semiconductor devices – Part 2.Low pressure
GB/T 30114.2 Terminology for Space Science and Its Applications Part 2.Space Physics
GB/T 32452 Space Terminology - Space Environment
GB/T 34517 Evaluation Method for Vacuum Outgassing of Non-metallic Materials for Spacecraft
GB/T 41543 General Specification for Simulation Test of Space Environment Effects on Space Materials for Space Environment
GB/T 42242 Evaluation of Radiation Effects of Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) Devices Used in Low Earth Orbit Satellites in Space Environment
GB/T 42846-2023 Ground-based simulation method for space radiation effects of non-metallic materials in the space environment
GB/T 44385-2024 General requirements for ensuring the adaptability of spacecraft to the space environment
GB/T 44776 General Requirements for Simulation Analysis of Space Environment and Its Effects of Spacecraft
3.Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 32452, GB/T 30114.2 and GB/T 44385-2024, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
The ratio of the radiation dose that causes a material or device to fail due to radiation to the ambient radiation dose at the actual location of use on the satellite.
3.2
Watchdogtimer;WDT
A timer circuit that uses hardware or software to generate a reset signal and restart the system when a program malfunctions.
3.3
wake effect
When a spacecraft is orbiting in a low-altitude, non-polar Earth orbit, its speed exceeds the speed of sound of ions, causing [the following to occur] within the spacecraft.
The phenomenon of an ion depletion region being formed in the opposite direction of motion.
3.4
During strong solar activity events such as coronal mass ejections, the solar wind compresses the Earth's magnetopause to below the altitude of geosynchronous orbit, leading to...
...