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GB/T 45981.1-2025: Heavy casting and forging for heavy-duty gas turbine - Part 1: Steel open die forgings
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GB/T 45981.1-2025: Heavy casting and forging for heavy-duty gas turbine - Part 1: Steel open die forgings

---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT45981.1-2025
ICS 77.140.85 CCSJ32 National Standard of the People's Republic of China Large castings and forgings for heavy-duty gas turbines Part 1.Steel open die forgings Part 1.Steel open die forgings Implementation on March 1, 2026 State Administration for Market Regulation The National Standardization Administration issued

Table of Contents

Preface III Introduction IV 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions 2 4 Supplier Requirements 3 4.1 Qualification and performance requirements 3 4.2 First Article Certification 3 4.3 Certification Project 3 4.4 Nondestructive testing qualifications and program requirements 3 4.5 Information negotiation between supply and demand parties 3 5 Manufacturing Process 3 5.1 Smelting 3 5.2 Forging 3 5.3 Heat Treatment 4 5.4 Machining 5 5.5 Defect Removal 5 6 Technical Requirements 5 6.1 Chemical composition 5 6.2 Mechanical properties 8 6.3 Hardness uniformity 10 6.4 Metallographic Structure 11 6.5 Nondestructive Testing 11 6.6 Residual stress 11 6.7 Dimensions and surface roughness 12 7 Test Methods 12 7.1 Test method and sampling method, quantity and location 12 7.2 Chemical analysis 13 7.3 Mechanical properties test 13 7.4 Hardness test 14 7.5 Determination of residual stress 14 8 Inspection Rules 14 8.1 Batch Rules 14 8.2 Retest 14 8.3 Reheat treatment 14 9 Acceptance and Quality Certificate 15 9.1 Acceptance 15 9.2 Quality Certificate 15 10 Labeling and packaging 15 Appendix A (Informative) Schematic diagram of sampling for mechanical properties of forgings 16 Appendix B (Informative) Hardness Test Diagram 19 Appendix C (Informative) Schematic diagram of residual stress detection 21 Table 1 Preliminary heat treatment system 4 Table 2 Performance heat treatment system 5 Table 3 Chemical composition (mass fraction) 6 Table 4 Permissible deviation of chemical composition of finished product (mass fraction) Table 5 Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen content of forgings (mass fraction) 8 Table 6 Mechanical properties of wheel disc forgings 8 Table 7 Mechanical properties of shaft head, intermediate shaft and tie rod nut forgings 9 Table 8 Mechanical properties of center tie rod forgings 10 Table 9 Average grain size 11 Table 10 Residual stress requirements 12 Table 11 Test method and sampling method, quantity and location 12 Preface This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting. This document is Part 1 of GB/T 45981 "Large Castings and Forgings for Heavy-Duty Gas Turbines". GB/T 45981 has been published for the following part. --- Part 1.Steel open die forgings; --- Part 2.High temperature alloy die forgings; --- Part 3.Steel castings. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Large Castings and Forgings (SAC/TC506). This document was drafted by. Erzhong (Deyang) Heavy Equipment Co., Ltd., China United Heavy Gas Turbine Technology Co., Ltd., Dongfang Electric Dongfang Steam Turbine Co., Ltd., Shanghai Electric Power Plant Equipment Co., Ltd., Shanghai Steam Turbine Plant, Harbin Steam Turbine Plant Co., Ltd., China Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tongyu Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., and Jiangyin Nangong Forging Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this document are. Shen Guoqu, Shu Guogang, Qin Jiang, Pei Yubing, Mei Linbo, Peng Jianqiang, He Chao, Chen Jie, Yang Xianzhi, Zheng Jianneng, Xu Chao, Qiu Mingjun, Zhou Bin, Chen Jiwei, Zhou Liyan, Liu Wei, Li Bo, Xu Wenjin, Yang Houlei, and Gao Xin.

introduction

Heavy-duty gas turbines are the core power equipment of energy efficient conversion and clean utilization systems and are widely used in power generation, distributed energy and electricity. Heavy-duty gas turbine castings and forgings are the most important products of heavy-duty gas turbines. The development foundation of the industry, with the development of heavy-duty gas turbine industry, its castings and forgings have made breakthroughs and formed a series of material systems. To promote common benefits, it is necessary to propose material selection, ordering, manufacturing, testing methods and inspection rules for large castings and forgings used in heavy-duty gas turbines. GB/T 45981 "Large Castings and Forgings for Heavy-Duty Gas Turbines" was formulated for this purpose. Provide a basis for manufacturing and technical exchanges, and cultivate and enhance the material supporting capabilities of the heavy-duty gas turbine industry. Due to the differences in materials, manufacturing and supply chains of components, GB/T 45981 is intended to consist of three parts. --- Part 1.Steel free forgings. The purpose is to standardize the shaft head, center tie rod, compressor and turbine wheel for heavy-duty gas turbines Manufacturing of large steel free forgings. --- Part 2.High-temperature alloy die forgings. The purpose is to standardize high-temperature alloy large die forgings and tie rod forgings for heavy-duty gas turbines Manufacturing of parts. --- Part 3.Steel castings. The purpose is to standardize heavy-duty gas turbines gravity cast using sand molds or molds with thermal conductivity equivalent to sand molds Used in the manufacture of large steel castings. Large castings and forgings for heavy-duty gas turbines Part 1.Steel open die forgings

1 Scope

This document specifies the supplier requirements, manufacturing process, technical specifications, and other requirements for large alloy structural steel and martensitic heat-resistant steel free forgings for heavy-duty gas turbines. It specifies the technical requirements, describes the corresponding test methods, and stipulates the inspection rules, acceptance and quality certificates, as well as labeling and packaging. This document is applicable to F-class heavy-duty gas turbine shaft heads, center tie rods, compressors, turbine wheels and other steel free forgings (hereinafter referred to as forgings manufacturing of parts).

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document. For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to This document. GB/T 223.42 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys—Ion exchange separation—The bromopyrogallol red spectrophotometric method for the determination of tantalum content GB/T 223.43 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of tungsten content - Gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods GB/T 223.79 Determination of multi-element content of steel - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (conventional method) GB/T 223.82 Determination of hydrogen content of steel - Inert gas fusion - Thermal conductivity or infrared method GB/T 223.88 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of calcium and magnesium content - Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry GB/T 223.90 Iron, steel and alloys - Determination of silicon content - Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry GB/T 228.1 Tensile tests on metallic materials - Part 1.Room temperature test methods GB/T 228.2 Tensile tests on metallic materials - Part 2.High temperature test methods GB/T 229 Charpy pendulum impact test method for metallic materials GB/T 2975 Sampling location and specimen preparation for mechanical property tests on steel and steel products GB/T 4336 Carbon steel and medium and low alloy steel - Determination of multi-element content - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometry (conventional method) GB/T 6394 Determination of average grain size of metals GB/T 7232 Terminology for Metal Heat Treatment GB/T 8541 Forging Terminology GB/T 9445 Qualification and certification of non-destructive testing personnel GB/T 10561 Determination of non-metallic inclusions in steel - Microscopic examination method using a graded chart GB/T 11170 Stainless steel - Determination of multi-element content - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometry (routine method) GB/T 11261 Determination of oxygen content of iron and steel - Pulsed heating inert gas fusion-infrared absorption method GB/T 12778 Metal Charpy impact fracture test method GB/T 13298 Metal microstructure examination methods GB/T 17394.1 Metallic materials Leeb hardness test Part 1.Test method GB/T 20066 Sampling and preparation of samples for determination of chemical composition of steel and iron GB/T 20123 Determination of total carbon and sulfur content of steel - Infrared absorption method after combustion in a high-frequency induction furnace (conventional method) GB/T 20124 Determination of nitrogen content of steel - Inert gas fusion thermal conductivity method (conventional method) GB/T 20125 Low alloy steel - Determination of multi-element content - Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ...