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Plastics - Determination of the aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials exposed to seawater - Part 1: Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide
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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB/T 43282.1-2023 (GB/T43282.1-2023) |
| Description (Translated English) | Plastics - Determination of the aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials exposed to seawater - Part 1: Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | G31 |
| Classification of International Standard | 83.080.01 |
| Word Count Estimation | 22,247 |
| Date of Issue | 2023-11-27 |
| Date of Implementation | 2024-06-01 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration |
GB/T 43282.1-2023: Plastics - Determination of the aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials exposed to seawater - Part 1: Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 83:080:01
CCSG31
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Plastics exposed to seawater require oxygen
Determination of biodegradation Part 1:
Using methods to analyze the release of carbon dioxide
evolvedcarbondioxide
Published on 2023-11-27
2024-06-01 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Administration Committee
Table of contents
Preface III
Introduction IV
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Principle 3
5 Test environment 3
6 Reagents 3
7 Instruments and Equipment 4
8 Step 4
8:1 Test materials 4
8:2 Reference materials 5
8:3 Test container 5
8:4 Preprocessing 5
8:5 Start test 6
8:6 Carbon Dioxide Measurement 6
8:7 End of test 6
9 Calculation and expression of results 7
9:1 Calculation 7
9:1:1 Amount of carbon dioxide produced 7
9:1:2 Biodegradation percentage 8
9:2 Appearance inspection 9
9:3 Expression and interpretation of results 9
10 Validity of results 9
11 Test Report 9
Appendix A (informative) Respiratory measurement system example 11
Reference 13
Foreword
This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1:1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents"
Drafting:
This document is Part 1 of GB/T 43282 "Determination of Aerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Exposed to Seawater":
GB/T 43282 has released the following parts:
---Part 1: Using methods to analyze the release of carbon dioxide;
---Part 2: Method for measuring oxygen demand in a closed respirometer:
This document is equivalent to ISO 23977-1:2020 "Determination of aerobic biological decomposition of plastic materials exposed to seawater - Part 1"
Points: Using methods to analyze the release of carbon dioxide:
Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents: The publisher of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents:
This document is proposed and coordinated by the National Standardization Technical Committee for Bio-based Materials and Degradable Products (SAC/TC380):
This document was drafted by: Beijing Technology and Business University, Chongqing Lianfa Plastic Technology Co:, Ltd:, Yangzhou Huitong Technology Co:, Ltd:,
Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co:, Ltd:, Shanxi Huayang Biodegradable New Materials Co:, Ltd:, Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co:, Ltd:
Company, Ningbo Jialian Technology Co:, Ltd:, Hefei Hengxin Life Technology Co:, Ltd:, Tongcheng Chemical (China) Co:, Ltd:, Yangzhou Hui
Tong New Materials Co:, Ltd:, Wuhan Huali Environmental Protection Industry Co:, Ltd:, Jiangxi Xuanpin New Materials Co:, Ltd:, Guangdong Chongxi Environmental Protection Technology Co:, Ltd:
Division, Shenzhen Wandajie Environmental Protection New Materials Co:, Ltd:, Anhui Huachi Environmental Protection Technology Co:, Ltd:, Huitong Beigong Biotechnology (Beijing) Co:, Ltd:
Company, Tsinghua University, Sichuan University, Shanghai Dajue Packaging Products Co:, Ltd:, Anhui Zhongchenghuadao Biodegradable Materials Technology Co:, Ltd:, Yingkou
Zhengda Industrial Co:, Ltd:, Light Industry Plastics Processing and Application Research Institute:
The main drafters of this document: Fu Ye, Diao Xiaoqian, Zhou Jiushou, Zhang Jiangang, Ji Chuanxia, Tong Mingquan, Liang Wei, Wang Xiong, Yan Deping, Zhao Yanchao,
Shen Kunliang, Zhang Libin, Wang Peng, Wei Jie, Wei Da, Wang Chunqiu, Guo Baohua, Wang Yuzhong, Tian Guoqiang, Wu Gang, Xiong Lulu, Ai Rong, Zheng Weichun, Zhou Yingxin:
Introduction
It is known that marine debris can cause harm and negative impacts to marine life and humans: The degree of degradation from exposure to the marine environment is
One of the factors affecting the impact performance and strength of plastic materials: These products cannot be considered biodegradable and discarded casually in the environment:
It is not advisable and these products also need to be recycled and reused: However, biodegradation of plastics in natural environments (e:g:, soil or marine environments)
Test methods for extent and rate determination are of interest to better characterize the degradation behavior of plastics in these specific environments: Therefore, biological
The degree and rate of degradation are of great significance in revealing the potential biodegradability of plastic materials in different marine environments:
GB/T 43282 "Determination of Aerobic Biological Decomposition of Plastic Materials Exposed to Seawater" is intended to consist of two parts:
---Part 1: Methods for analyzing the release of carbon dioxide: The aim is to identify plastics by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide released
The extent and rate of aerobic biological decomposition of materials:
---Part 2: Method for measuring oxygen demand in a closed respirometer: The purpose is to determine the oxygen demand of plastic materials
The degree and rate of aerobic biological decomposition of materials:
Both parts describe laboratory test methods for determining the extent and rate of aerobic biological decomposition of plastic materials: But the production of plastic materials
The decomposition of plastic materials was measured under laboratory conditions by measuring the oxygen dioxide in closed respirometers when plastic materials were exposed to seawater collected from coastal areas:
Determined by carbon release and oxygen demand:
Several biodegradation test methods for plastic materials under different environmental and laboratory conditions have been established, as shown in Table 1:
Table 1 Plastic biodegradation test methods
condition
Ambient aerobic/anaerobic
experiment method
Controlled composting conditions aerobic
GB/T 19277:1-2011
GB/T 19277:2-2013
High solids anaerobic composting conditions anaerobic GB/T 33797-2017
Controlled sludge digestion system anaerobic GB/T 38737-2020
Soil aerobic GB/T 22047-2008
aqueous culture medium
Aerobic
Anaerobic
GB/T 19276:1-2003
GB/T 19276:2-2003
GB/T 32106-2015
Seawater/sandy sediment interface aerobic
GB/T 40611-2021a
GB/T 40612-2021a
Marine sediment aerobic GB/T 40367-2021a
seawater aerobic
This documenta
GB/T 43282:2-2023a
a Test method for determining the biodegradability of plastic materials exposed to marine microorganisms:
All marine biodegradation test methods are based on the analysis of plastic materials with marine samples (seawater and/or sediment) taken from coastline areas:
Contact status: From a quantitative point of view, these methods are not equivalent; for example, microbial densities in seawater are generally higher than in sediments:
Degree is low: In addition, the composition and diversity of microorganisms may also differ: And, in general, nutrient concentrations in sediments are usually higher than in seawater
The nutrient concentration in it is high:
This document provides a method for determining the level of biodegradation of plastic materials exposed to microbiota in pelagic seawater under laboratory conditions:
test methods: The biodegradation rate is determined by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide released: This test method can be performed with seawater ("Ocean Seawater Test")
test"), it can also be carried out using seawater with a small amount of sediment added ("suspended sediment seawater test"):
The pelagic seawater test simulates offshore conditions with low currents and low tidal movements, while the suspended sediment seawater test simulates
Possible conditions in coastal areas with strong currents and tidal movements:
Plastics exposed to seawater require oxygen
Determination of biodegradation Part 1:
Using methods to analyze the release of carbon dioxide
1 Scope
This document describes laboratory test methods for determining the extent and rate of aerobic biological decomposition of plastic materials: Biodegradation of plastic materials is
By measuring the carbon dioxide release from plastic materials exposed to seawater collected from coastal areas in a closed respirometer under laboratory conditions:
Determined by quantity:
The conditions described in this document may not correspond to the optimal conditions for maximum biodegradation to occur: However, this test method is intended to indicate
Potential biodegradability of plastic materials:
Note: This document applies to plastic materials and other materials as well:
2 Normative reference documents
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text: Among them, the dated quotations
For undated referenced documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this document:
ISO 5667-3 Water quality sampling Part 3: Preservation and processing of water samples (Waterquality-Sampling-Part 3:
ISO 8245 Guide for determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water quality [Waterquality-
Note: GB/T 38787-2020 Sample preparation method for biodegradation test of plastic materials (ISO 10210:2012, IDT)
ISO 10523 Determination of pH of water quality (Waterquality-DeterminationofpH)
Note: GB/T 22592-2008 General principles for determination of pH value of water treatment agents (ISO 10523:1994, NEQ)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document:
3:1
pelagiczone
A body of water above the ocean floor:
Note 1: Also called open water or water column:
Note 2: The surface of the pelagic zone will move with wind and waves: It is in contact with the atmosphere and exposed to sunlight: As depth increases, pressure increases, and temperature decreases, light and waves
Energy weakens:
[Source: ISO 22766:2020,3:4]
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