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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB/T 42103-2022 (GB/T42103-2022) |
| Description (Translated English) | Amusement park safety - Risk identification and assessment |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | Y57 |
| Classification of International Standard | 97.200.40 |
| Word Count Estimation | 58,599 |
| Date of Issue | 2022-10-12 |
| Date of Implementation | 2022-10-12 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration |
GB/T 42103-2022: Amusement park safety - Risk identification and assessment
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Amusement park safety - Risk identification and assessment
ICS 97.200.40
CCSY57
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Amusement park safety risk identification and assessment
Amusement park safety-
Released on 2022-10-12
2022-10-12 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Management Committee
table of contents
Preface III
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Basic Requirements 2
5 Risk Identification 2
6 Risk assessment6
7 Risk Control 8
8 Continuous Improvement9
9 File Management 10
Appendix A (Informative) Security Risk Identification Reference List 11
Appendix B (Informative) Risk Identification and Assessment Record Form 51
Reference 53
foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules for Standardization Documents"
drafting.
Please note that some contents of this document may refer to patents. The issuing agency of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document is proposed and managed by the National Cableway and Amusement Facilities Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC250).
This document is drafted by. Guangdong Chimelong Group Co., Ltd., China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Guangzhou Chimelong Group Co., Ltd., Zhuhai
Chimelong Investment Development Co., Ltd., Zhuhai Chimelong Investment Development Co., Ltd. Ocean Kingdom, Guangzhou Chimelong Group Co., Ltd. Xiangjiang Wildlife World
World Branch, Guangzhou Chimelong Group Co., Ltd. Chimelong Nocturnal Animal World Branch, Guangzhou Chimelong Group Co., Ltd. Chimelong Happy Water Park
branch.
The main drafters of this document. Jiang Minling, Lin Weiming, Shen Gongtian, Song Weike, He Shuiyong, Zhang Yong, Fu Hengsheng, Pu Zhenpeng, Liang Chaohu, Tian Bo,
Gan Bingpeng, Zhao Qiang, Wang Heliang, Guo Junjie, Xiang Hongfei, Huang He, Chen Yongzhen, Liao Qizhen, Zhang Dan, Zhou Zewu, Wu Haiming, Zhong Huaiting, Zhao Ding, Liu Bin,
Jiang Miao, Wang Yong, Zhang Pengfei.
Amusement park safety risk identification and assessment
1 Scope
This document specifies the basic requirements for amusement park safety risk identification and assessment.
This document applies to amusement park safety risk management. Tourist attractions can refer to the implementation.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, dated references
For documents, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to
this document.
GB/T 42101-2022 Amusement Park Safety Basic Requirements
GB/T 42104 Amusement Park Safety and Security Management System
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 42101-2022 apply to this document.
3.1
safety risk safety risk
Potential hazards in the production and operation of amusement parks (source).
Note. The characteristics of safety risks are reflected in the uncertainty of occurrence or not, the uncertainty of occurrence place or location, the uncertainty of occurrence time and the uncertainty of the result.
certainty etc.
3.2
Risk identification hazard identification
The process of identifying and confirming the existence of safety risks in amusement parks, and determining their distribution and characteristics.
3.3
risk assessment risk assessment
Based on the identification of safety risks in amusement parks, use scientific and reasonable qualitative or quantitative analysis and evaluation methods to determine the types, properties,
The possibility of causing accidents, the degree of harm and the degree of acceptability, etc., shall be manifested, clarified and defined.
3.4
source of danger hazard
Sources that may cause personal injury in amusement parks are the root causes of energy (energy), energy carriers, hazardous substances, etc. that may be accidentally released.
The combination of sources of hazards and the accident hazards directly related to them.
3.5
accident hazard hiddendanger
Violation of relevant national security regulations, standards, and amusement park safety management system regulations, or due to other factors, there may be potential problems in production and operation.
Management defects, unsafe behaviors of people, unsafe conditions of objects, adverse environmental factors, etc. that can lead to accidents.
3.6
risk control
According to the results of safety risk assessment and the production and operation of amusement parks, etc., determine the order of priority control, and take measures such as engineering, technology, management, etc.
Measures to eliminate or reduce safety risks, control safety risks to an acceptable level, and prevent safety accidents.
4 Basic requirements
4.1 Clear organization and responsibilities
4.1.1 As the main body responsible for safety risk identification and assessment, amusement parks shall determine
Security risk identification and assessment institutions, establish security risk identification and assessment organizational systems and working mechanisms.
4.1.2 The participants in the safety risk identification and assessment work should include the heads of organizations at all levels of the amusement park, managers and professional technicians,
Practitioners. Amusement parks should clarify and implement the work responsibilities of safety risk identification and evaluation organizations at all levels to ensure safety risk identification and evaluation
The work is carried out comprehensively, systematically and effectively.
4.2 Define scope and focus
4.2.1 The scope of safety risk identification and assessment shall cover the whole region, time period, scope, process and management objects involved, to avoid
The lack of security risk identification and assessment leads to a gap in security management.
4.2.2 Security risk identification should include the overall security risk of the security management object (including the superimposed sum of its related security risks), classification risk
Risk identification and specific security risk identification work in three aspects.
4.2.3 Safety risk identification and assessment focuses on the important site environment, important buildings (structures), important equipment and facilities, important
For business activities and important operation activities (routine and non-routine activities), safety risks should be identified and evaluated from the above key points and eliminated.
Eliminate, mitigate or control.
4.3 Establish management system documents
Amusement parks shall, in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 42104, establish and improve risk identification and assessment program documents and related operation guidance documents, and determine the
To realize the institutionalization, normalization and emphasis of security risk identification and assessment work.
4.4 Implement education and training
4.4.1 Amusement parks should formulate and implement hierarchical and phased education and training plans for safety risk identification and assessment, so that relevant personnel can master safety risks.
Risk identification and assessment methods.
4.4.2 Records of education and training work should be kept, and the effects of education and training should be confirmed by assessment to achieve practical results.
4.5 Assessment and Rewards and Punishments
Respond to the security risk identification and assessment work performance of managers at all levels, security risk identification and assessment team members, and relevant practitioners.
According to the job situation, the assessment and rewards and punishments will be carried out on schedule.
5 Risk Identification
5.1 Principles of risk identification
Risk identification should follow the following principles.
a) The principle of comprehensive coverage and emphasis on key points;
b) The principle of taking into account normal, abnormal and emergency situations;
c) The principle of division of risk identification units with clear management responsibilities, clear boundaries, independent functions, moderate size, and easy classification.
5.2 Risk identification method
5.2.1 According to the production and operation workflow or operation stage, for the area affected by the environment, the buildings (structures), places, devices, and facilities with independent functions shall be built.
Equipment facilities, etc., or a combination of the above methods for security risk identification.
5.2.2 When carrying out safety risk identification work, first determine the source of the hazard and its geographic location (whether it is a crowded site or not)
museums, etc.), and then identify the potential accidents directly related to it, and superimpose the two for identification and analysis. For those that exist independently of the root hazard
When identifying hidden dangers of accidents, the unsafe conditions of objects, adverse environmental factors, management defects, or unsafe behaviors of people can be identified separately first.
In order to confirm whether it is a single accident hazard or a compound accident hazard composed of two or more accident hazards.
5.2.3 Security risk identification methods may include but not limited to one or more of the following methods.
a) Direct determination method. directly determine according to the safety risk data of the same industry at home and abroad.
b) Empirical method. identify according to the identification content and in combination with past experience;
Senior managers shall make judgments, and the safety risk identification reference list is shown in Appendix A.
c) Operation or work flow analysis method. enumerate all operations or work flow lists within the scope of management, and analyze possible safety issues in the list.
All risks are analyzed item by item and item by item.
d) Expert investigation and enumeration method. set up a safety risk identification expert group, which can be composed of on-site personnel, relevant professional and technical personnel, and managers at all levels.
It is composed of security personnel and safety management personnel, and lists the existing or possible safety risks one by one.
e) On-site investigation (examination method). inquiry and communication, on-site inspection, review, observation, job task analysis, etc.
f) Safety checklist identification method. the identification team prepares a safety checklist for identification according to the content of the identification to ensure that the identification of safety risks is sufficient.
sex, effectiveness.
g) Analogy method. use the same or similar experience, safety risk statistics, safety risk cases, etc. to carry out analogy, analysis and determination.
h) Brainstorming method. members of the safety risk identification working group conduct meetings in a normal harmonious atmosphere without any restrictions.
Conduct discussions and discussions, break the routine, think positively, speak freely, and fully list security risks.
i) Regulations and standards comparison method. compare and identify amusement park safety risks according to the identified applicable laws, regulations and standard requirements.
5.3 Risk Identification Objects
5.3.1 Amusement park safety risk identification should be initially delineated according to the general safety elements and special safety elements in GB/T 42101-2022
Identify objects, including but not limited to the following aspects.
a) Site environment.
1) *New operating project site environment;
2) Existing site environment, forest fire defense, natural disaster defense, emergency evacuation and refuge, etc.;
3) *Significant changes in the site environment (such as changes in the site environment caused by reconstruction and expansion projects, natural events that may affect safety)
Natural disasters, temporary area control reset or change the original tourist activity route, etc.);
4) *The idle site environment is put into operation again;
5) The environmental emergency response process of crowded venues and venues (can be carried out in advance according to the prepared and revised documents and drill plan of the emergency plan
identification).
b) Building (structure) structures.
1) *Important buildings (structures) for new construction, reconstruction, expansion or major maintenance [including fire protection, gas and electrical safety, high-altitude hanging objects,
building (structure) body and building decorations, emergency evacuation passages, etc.], or other buildings (structures) that may have safety risks
before it is put into use;
2) Problems left over from the setting of existing buildings (structures), construction links, and safety and quality defects;
3) Putting it back into use after a natural disaster that may affect safety;
4) *Crowd-intensive venues and venues have been out of service for more than 3 months, and other buildings (structures) have been out of service for more than 6 months and put into use again;
5) The process of using, maintaining, repairing and transforming existing buildings (structures);
6) *Emergency response process for densely populated venues and large commercial complexes (documents and drills can be revised according to the emergency plan)
training program for identification).
c) Equipment and facilities.
1) *Important equipment and facilities newly built, rebuilt, expanded, relocated, repaired or rebuilt (including equipment and facilities and operating processes),
As well as equipment, facilities and tools with safety risks;
2) Major failures, security incidents or multiple failures;
3) Safety and quality defects left over from the design, manufacture, and installation (repair and transformation) of existing equipment and facilities;
4) * Significant changes in the technological process (control requirements, sequence, methods, materials, etc.) of important equipment and facilities;
5) *Re-commissioning after natural disasters that may affect safety;
6) *Important equipment, facilities and systems that have been idle or out of service for more than 3 months, and other storage facilities that have been idle or out of service for more than 6 months
Equipment facilities at risk to safety;
7) Operation, maintenance, repair and transformation process of existing equipment and facilities;
8) *Emergency handling process of manned operation equipment and facilities (can be identified according to the prepared and revised documents of the emergency plan and the drill plan).
d) Important work.
1) Special equipment operations, special operations, dangerous operations, and other operations (including emergency evacuation operations, rescue operations, cross operations,
related party operations, and temporary operations with safety risks, etc.);
2) *Operation command activities that may have safety risks;
3) *The first important operation or temporary operation and construction operation with safety risks;
4) *Important work process or plan revision.
e) Business activities.
1) New operation project/event plan planning or major changes;
2) *Newly added operational items/activities (including adding temporary activities);
3) Peak passenger flow, large-scale activities, special business activities;
4) Tourist activities, employees and personnel from external parties (such as construction operations or cross-operations) are involved in operational safety-related activities;
5) Operational emergency response process (can be identified according to the prepared and revised documents of the emergency plan and the drill plan);
6) Other business activities with security risks.
f) Other aspects.
1) Casualty accidents (accidents in this unit and accidents in other amusement parks can be used for reference);
2) After major meteorological disasters or geological disasters occur;
3) The procurement, transportation, storage, use management and disposal of dangerous goods;
4) Animal breeding, domestication, performances, exhibition halls, safety management of cages, etc.;
5) Externally provided resources, services, construction, etc. affect the safety of the amusement park;
6) Disposal, disposal, dismantling and disposal;
7) Safety and reliability of control measures;
8) Major adjustments to the organizational structure;
9) When security risk identification and assessment knowledge or methods are changed and considered necessary;
10) Changes in the degree of safety risk caused by the increase, decrease or revision of regulations, standards, etc., or proposed by the government safety supervision and management department
Require;
11) Changes in external conditions that lead to changes in security risks.
Note. "*" indicates the preconditions for the amusement park to start production and operation or carry out related work.
5.3.2 When carrying out safety risk identification, organize employees to review the site environment, construction
(Structures), equipment and facilities, dangerous goods, business activities and operation activities and other safety risk identification objects are systematically sorted out, according to the regulations in 5.1
Determine a reasonable division of security risk identification units.
5.3.3 The following accident hazards shall be identified as the associated conditions of the root danger source. When accident hazards exist independently of root hazards,
Risk identification should be done separately.
a) The unsafe condition of the object.
1) The equipment and facilities are used beyond the allowable parameter range of the design;
2) Improper setting of equipment, facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, etc., may cause safety risks;
3) Equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, as well as toxic
Harmful dangerous goods, without safety devices or effective protection, with explosion, impact, falling objects, collapse, falling off, etc.
Danger;
4) Equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, dangerous
Items, etc. are not set, the setting is incomplete, the reliability of the set is poor or the damage is invalid;
5) Equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, safety protection facilities and safety devices are generated during construction or use.
security flaws;
6) Equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments are in disrepair for a long time, and the safety status is unclear;
7) Multiple failures of equipment and facilities that affect safety;
8) The safety status of equipment, facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments is unclear due to natural disasters;
9) Other hidden dangers of accidents.
b) Environmental adverse factors.
1) Site environment selection for production and operation projects, park planning and layout, production and operation project settings, roads and personnel activity routes
settings, and other related accident hazards, etc.;
2) Dangerous goods warehouses (including intermediate warehouses and temporary storage points), etc., are set up in densely populated venues;
3) The personnel activity areas where safety protection facilities and emergency refuge facilities should be installed are not installed, or the settings do not meet the requirements;
4) Environmentally harmful factors caused by natural disasters, reconstruction and expansion of personnel activity sites, etc.;
5) Due to the peak passenger flow, the venue is crowded and hedging environment;
6) An environment where there are defects in temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc., or where toxic and harmful gases gather;
7) Others.
c) Management deficiencies or unsafe human behavior.
1) Construction projects (including equipment and facilities), business activity plans or important operation plans that should undergo safety analysis and demonstration have not yet been developed.
development and demonstration, resulting in the existence of congenital accident hazards;
2) Illegal use of equipment, facilities, buildings (structures), etc. without going through relevant permit procedures;
3) Construction projects or equipment and facilities that should be completed and accepted in accordance with regulations, standards or rules and regulations, as well as self-inspection maintenance,
Equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, safety protection facilities and safety equipment for regular inspection and testing, safety assessment, etc.
If the relevant work has not been carried out, or if it is judged to be unqualified after inspection and inspection, it shall continue to be used;
4) Equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, safety protection facilities and safety devices with a designed service life,
Calculated service life use;
5) The occurrence of natural disasters does not affect equipment and facilities, buildings (structures) and their attachments, safety protection facilities and safety devices, and site environment.
Carry out inspections and investigations of environmental security conditions;
6) If typical problems are found during safety inspections, equipment failures or safety accidents occur repeatedly, comprehensive investigation and rectification will not be carried out;
7) Relevant safety posts should be set up but no posts are set up, and important safety matters or objects are left unattended;
8) If the position has been set up, there is no job responsibility or the content is missing;
9) Failure to establish relevant security system documents, or failure to take effective control measures;
10) There are relevant safety system documents, but the necessary control clauses are missing, wrong or not operable;
11) Failure to formulate emergency plans in accordance with regulations, or failure to carry out emergency drills;
12) Relevant personnel fail to perform their job responsibilities and fail to comply with safety system documents;
13) Operators do not abide by the process regulations or operation plans, command in violation of regulations or make operational mistakes;
14) The legal practitioners who should be required to hold certificates do not hold certificates or exceed the validity period;
15) Personnel who should have received professional training have not received the necessary training and lack of ability;
16) Other management deficiencies or other unsafe acts of persons.
5.4 Risk identification records
After each round of safety risk identification, the amusement park shall, according to the requirements of 5.2.2, identify the root danger sources, accident hazards and
Register the list of potential safety accident types, comprehensively summarize, compile the safety risk identification and evaluation record form (see Appendix B), and timely
renew.
6 Risk assessment
6.1 Requirements for risk assessment work
6.1.1 When delineating the safety risk level, the hidden dangers of accidents directly related to the root hazards should be fully and comprehensively identified, and jointly determined,
Special attention should be paid to those high-risk but low-awareness, adverse environmental factors, management defects, unsafe conditions of objects or unsafe behaviors of people
security risks.
6.1.2 Amusement parks can also redefine the probability, severity, and risk of accidents based on their actual acceptable safety risk levels.
The value standard of the level value is used to divide the risk level and evaluate the safety risk level. Re-establish the value standard and security risk level
When doing so, the following requirements should be fully considered.
a) Current laws and regulations, national standards, industry standards, etc.;
b) Work safety policies and objectives, etc.;
c) safety management situation;
d) Problems found in safety inspections over the years;
e) Safety accidents over the years;
f) tourist safety complaints;
g) other.
6.1.3 After initially completing the identification and assessment of safety risks, the amusement park shall organize a review of major safety risks, including.
a) Whether the determined safety risk level is reasonable;
b) Whether the adopted or supplemented major safety risk elimination, mitigation or control measures and methods are applicable;
c) Other content that needs to be reviewed.
Note. "Major safety risk" refers to "Level 1 safety risk" and "Level 2 safety risk" in 6.3.
6.2 Risk Level Analysis
6.2.1 Amusement parks should conduct risk level analysis on the safety risks identified in the safety risk identification and assessment record table.
The risk level analysis method adopts the risk matrix method, see formula (1).
R=S×L (1)
Implement specific measures and implement targeted and differentiated management and control.
c) Key management and control. major safety risks, level 3 safety risks in the front-field operation area of tourists and its adjacent areas, complex technology and difficult operation
Focus on management and control of major operational safety risks.
d) Dynamic management and control. Any safety risk is dynamically changing, and timely and proactively adjust the situation according to the changing situation on the site and the analogy of the accident situation.
The methods, methods, measures and key points of overall safety risk management and control.
7.2 Control measures
7.2.1 The level 5 safety risk specified in 6.3 is an acceptable safety risk for amusement parks, and control measures may not be taken for it. Amusement parks are also available
According to the actual situation of the unit, take appropriate control measures.
7.2.2 For the security risks that need to be controlled, one or more of the following targeted measures should be taken to eliminate or reduce the security risks
grade.
a) stop (risk of accident);
b) Suspension of operations (safety risks exist in densely populated venues and venues and are still level 1 safety risks after control measures are taken.
venues and venues should stop operating);
c) modifying, removing, substituting or limiting energy (root hazard);
d) Eliminate or improve birth defects;
e) Effective safety protection (including material protection, distance and time protection, etc.);
f) Real-time monitoring and monitoring;
g) Alarm and safety interlock;
h) Sign identification and safety risk notification;
i) Allocate full-time and part-time personnel for on-site control;
j) Complete and improve safety responsibilities and safety management system documents and strictly implement them;
k) inspection inspection and investigation;
l) Special treatment;
m) educational training and behavioral measures;
n) targeted emergency preparedness;
o) other.
7.2.3 Amusement parks adopt management and control measures for safety risks (including the cancellation of various accident hazards with L value in 6.2.4)
Situations) are summarized to form a list of situations to eliminate or reduce safety risks.
7.2.4 When re-identifying and assessing security risks, whether the relevant security risk control measures that should be taken may lead to new security risks
Include identification content.
7.2.5 For the safety risks that need to be controlled through engineering technical measures and (or) technical transformation, the goal of controlling such safety risks should be formulated
implementation plan.
7.2.6 For unacceptable safety risks in regular or periodic work, engineering and technical measures do not need to be adopted, but new
document (procedure or operation document) or revise the original document, the document shall clearly stipulate the effective control measures for this kind of safety risk, and implement
implement these measures in practice.
7.2.7 For some safety risks, two or more control measures specified in 7.2.2 can be taken at the same time.
7.2.8 For the safety risks of accident hazard types, a double prevention mechanism shall be adopted in accordance with the regulations to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents.
8 Continuous Improvement
8.1 A comprehensive and systematic normalized safety risk identification and assessment should be carried out at least once a year. For new builds, renovations and extensions
Site environment, buildings (structures), equipment and facilities, etc., should complete the safety risk identification of each stage in the design stage, construction, and before putting into use.
Identification, evaluation and control work. For newly added and changed business activities and operations, etc., the identification and evaluation of safety risks shall be completed before putting into operation
work with control.
8.2 For the items with "*" specified in 5.3.1, and after the occurrence of casualties, major meteorological disasters or geological disasters, the
Carry out security risk identification and assessment, and discover major security risks or changes in existing major security risks.
9 File Management
9.1 The identified and confirmed safety risks of level 3 and above shall be registered and archived (the paper documents and electronic documents shall be synchronized), and the archives shall be
including but not limited to.
a) Unit name, legal representative, unit address, contact person, contact information;
b) safety system documents related to safety risks;
c) Security risk identification and assessment records, assessment reports;
d) Relevant inspection, inspection and test record reports;
e) Relevant drawings and pictures and instructions for use and maintenance;
f) Area location map, floor plan, process flow chart and list of main equipment;
g) Description of surrounding conditions and related pictures;
h) Information on the implementation of safety risk management and control measures (including a list of situations in which safety risks are eliminated or reduced);
i) Relevant emergency plans, review opinions, drill plans and evaluation reports;
j) The person in charge of the key devices and key parts, and the name of the responsible organization;
k) Safety risk notification and setting of safety signs.
9.2 A major safety risk geographic information system (GIS) can be established to implement dynamic monitoring of major safety risks and maintain and update them in a timely manner.
The GIS system should include the basic situation, distribution, management and control measures, inspection and monitoring, management responsible personnel and emergency contact personnel of major safety risks, and emergency response personnel.
Emergency plans and related emergency equipment and materials, external rescue assistance units and other information.
9.3 The potential accident hazards found out should be registered, and an information file of potential accident hazards should be established.
...
