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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB/T 39792.2-2020 (GB/T39792.2-2020) |
| Description (Translated English) | (Technical Guidelines for Identification and Assessment of Eco-environmental Damage Environmental Elements - Part 2: Surface Water and Sediments) |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | Z06 |
| Classification of International Standard | 13.020.01 |
| Word Count Estimation | 33,395 |
| Date of Issue | 2020-12-29 |
| Date of Implementation | 2021-01-01 |
| Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment Announcement No. 79 [2020] |
| Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration |
GB/T 39792.2-2020: (Technical Guidelines for Identification and Assessment of Eco-environmental Damage Environmental Elements - Part 2: Surface Water and Sediments)
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
(Technical Guidelines for Identification and Assessment of Eco-environmental Damage Environmental Elements Part 2.Surface Water and Sediments)
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Technical Guidelines for Ecological Environment Damage Identification and Assessment
Environmental Elements Part 2.Surface Water and Sediment
Technical guideline for identification and assessment of environmental
damage-Environmental elements
-Part 2.Surface water and sediment
2020-12-29 released
2021-01-01 implementation
Ministry of Ecology and Environment
State Administration for Market Regulation
release
ICS 13.040.50
Z 64
Table of contents
Foreword...ii
1 Scope of application...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...2
4 Working procedures...3
5 Work plan development...3
6 Investigation and confirmation of surface water ecological environment damage...6
7 Causality analysis of surface water ecological environment damage...12
8 Physical quantification of surface water ecological environmental damage and formulation of restoration plans...14
9 Quantification of the ecological environmental damage value of surface water...18
10 Preparation of appraisal report...19
11 Evaluation of the restoration effect of surface water ecological environment damage...19
Appendix A (informative appendix) Common surface water ecological service function damage assessment methods...21
Appendix B (informative appendix) Application conditions and technical performance of commonly used surface water ecological environment restoration and restoration technologies...27
Technical Guidelines for Eco-environmental Damage Identification and Assessment Environmental Elements
Part 2.Surface water and sediments
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the content, working procedures, methods and technical requirements of the assessment and evaluation of ecological environmental damage involving surface water and sediments.
This standard applies to the identification and assessment of environmental damage involving surface water and sediments caused by environmental pollution or ecological damage.
This standard is not applicable to the identification and assessment of ecological environmental damage involving surface water and sediments caused by nuclear and radiation.
2 Normative references
This standard refers to the following documents or their clauses. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this standard.
For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this standard.
GB 3838 Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
GB 5084 Farmland Irrigation Water Quality Standard
GB 8978 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard
GB 11607 Fishery Water Quality Standard
GB 13690 General Rules for Classification and Hazardous Publicity of Chemicals
GB 50286 Code for Design of Embankment Engineering
GB 50707 River Regulation Design Code
GB/T 14551 Determination of biological quality of BHC and DDT by gas chromatography
GB/T 21678 Calculation method of economic loss in fishery pollution accident
GB/T 21814 Test method for industrial wastewater, fish acute toxicity test
GB/T 22234 GHS-based chemical label specification
GB/T 39791.1 General Outline and Key Links of Technical Guidelines for Ecological and Environmental Damage Appraisal Assessment Part 1.General Outline
GB/T 39791.2 General outline and key links of technical guidelines for ecological and environmental damage assessment and assessment Part 2.Damage investigation
GB/T 39792.1 Technical Guidelines for Assessment and Assessment of Ecological Environmental Damage Environmental Elements Part 1.Soil and Groundwater
GB/T 39793.2 Ecological Environment Damage Appraisal and Assessment Technical Guide Basic Methods Part 2.Virtual Treatment Cost of Surface Water Pollution
HJ 2.3 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment Surface Water Environment
HJ 91.1 Technical Specification for Wastewater Monitoring
HJ 194 Technical specification for manual monitoring of ambient air quality
HJ 493 Technical Regulations for Storage and Management of Water Quality Sampling Samples
HJ 494 Technical Guide for Water Quality Sampling
HJ 495 Technical Regulations for Water Quality Sampling Scheme Design
HJ 589 Technical Specification for Emergency Monitoring of Environmental Emergency
HJ 630 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Monitoring Quality Management
HJ 710.4 Biodiversity Observation Technical Guidelines for Birds
HJ 710.6 Technical Guidelines for Biodiversity Observation Amphibians
HJ 710.7 Technical Guidelines for Biodiversity Observation, Inland Water Fish
HJ 710.8 Biodiversity Observation Technical Guidelines for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates
HJ 710.12 Technical Guidelines for Biodiversity Observation, Aquatic Vascular Plants
HJ 831 Technical Guidelines for the Establishment of Water Quality Standards for Freshwater Aquatic Organisms
HJ 837 Technical Guidelines for the Establishment of Human Health Water Quality Benchmarks
HJ 838 Technical Guidelines for the Establishment of Lake Nutrient Standards
HJ/T 91 Technical specification for surface water and sewage monitoring
HJ/T 164 Technical Specification for Groundwater Environmental Monitoring
HJ/T 166 Technical Specification for Soil Environmental Monitoring
HY/T 078 Marine biological quality monitoring technical regulations
SC/T 9401 Technical Regulations for Proliferation and Release of Aquatic Organisms
SC/T 9402 Technical Specification for Freshwater Plankton Survey
SL 386 Slope design code for hydraulic engineering
DB43/T 432 Technical Specification for Freshwater Biological Resources Investigation
Detailed Rules for the Verification of Direct Economic Losses in the Emergency Response Stage of Emergent Ecological Environmental Incidents (Huan Emergency [2020] No. 28)
Recommended methods for environmental damage assessment in the emergency response phase of environmental emergencies (Huanban [2014] No. 118)
Investigation method for polluted dead fish (fresh water) (Nongyu Han [1996] No. 62)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Surface water
There are various forms of water bodies on the land surface, including various rivers (including canals, channels), lakes and reservoirs.
The current state of water management also includes freshwater estuaries.
3.2
Sediment
Any substance that can be carried by the surface water body and eventually settle at the bottom of the water body to form a sediment-like substance. Usually clay, sand,
The mixture of organic matter and various minerals is deposited on the bottom of the water body after a long time of physical, chemical, biological and other effects and water body transmission.
3.3
Water function zone
In order to meet the needs of rational development, utilization, conservation and protection of water resources, according to the natural conditions of the water source and the current development and utilization
Comprehensive planning, water resources protection and economic and social development requirements, according to its leading functions to delineate the scope and implement the corresponding water environment quality standards.
area.
3.4
Surface water environmental incidents
Refers to the entry of pollutants into the water environment due to human activities or various emergencies, or due to illegal fishing, illegal sand mining, or illegal projects
Ecological destruction such as construction, occupation, reclamation, and species invasion have caused the environmental quality of surface water and sediments to decline, and the water ecological service function is greatly weakened.
To the event of loss. According to the different causes of the event, it is divided into water environment pollution events and water ecological damage events.
3.5
Surface water environmental damage
Environmental factors such as surface water, sediments, and biological factors such as aquatic organisms are adversely changed due to environmental pollution and ecological destruction, and
The degradation of water ecological functions and the reduction of services constituted by the aforementioned elements.
4 Working procedures
With reference to GB/T 39791.1, the work procedures for the identification and assessment of surface water ecological environmental damage include.
a) Work plan formulation. Grasp the basic situation and main characteristics of surface water and sediment ecological environment damage, and determine the ecological environment damage
The content, scope and methods of the appraisal and evaluation of damages, and the preparation of appraisal and evaluation work plans.
b) Damage investigation and confirmation. Carry out surveys on the environmental conditions of surface water and sediments and water ecological service functions, and carry out hydrological and landform surveys when necessary
Investigate, determine the environmental quality of surface water and sediments and the baseline of water ecological service functions, and determine the ecological environment of surface water and sediments
Whether it was damaged, determine the type of damage.
c) Causality analysis. Analyze environmental pollution or ecological damage and surface water and sediment environment, aquatic organisms, and aquatic ecosystems
Whether there is a causal relationship between the damage to the ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem services, homology analysis, exposure assessment, etc. can be used as needed
Analytical method.
d) Physical quantification of surface water ecological environmental damage. Screen and determine the assessment indicators of surface water ecological environment damage, compare the assessment indicators
Status and baseline, determine the environmental damage of surface water such as pollutant concentration, biomass, biodiversity, water ecological service function, etc.
Calculate the physical amount of surface water ecological environment damage.
e) Determination of the restoration plan for surface water ecological environment damage. Analyze the feasibility of restoring the damaged surface water ecological environment, based on the principle of equivalence,
Select surface water, sediment environmental quality or key species of aquatic ecology as restoration targets, formulate basic restoration plans, and calculate
During the period of damage to the ecological environment of surface water and sediment, formulate a compensatory restoration plan, and screen and determine the ecological environment of surface water and sediment
Comprehensive recovery plan.
f) Quantification of the ecological environmental damage value of surface water. For pollution removal activities that have been taken, statistics actually incurred; for
The surface water ecological environment damage that can be restored, estimate the implementation cost of the restoration plan; for the surface water ecological environment that is difficult to restore
Environmental damage, calculate the value of surface water ecological environmental damage; for surface water ecological environmental damage that has been
Calculate the amount of damage using the virtual governance cost method.
g) Compilation of appraisal report for surface water ecological environment damage. Preparation of surface water ecological environment damage appraisal report (opinion),
At the same time, a complete appraisal and evaluation work file is established.
h) Evaluation of the restoration effect of surface water ecological environment. Regularly track the restoration of surface water and sediment ecological environment, and evaluate the restoration effect
If the expected goal is achieved, it is determined whether supplementary recovery is needed.
See Figure 1 for the identification and assessment procedures of surface water ecological environmental damage.
5 Work plan formulation
5.1 Basic situation survey
5.1.1 Investigation of environmental pollution or ecological damage
For general water environment pollution incidents, understand the distribution of pollution in the water area and surrounding areas, such as pollutant discharge units, sewage ditches, and agricultural non-point sources.
Analyze or identify the source of pollution; for sudden water environmental pollution incidents, the time and location of the incident should also be ascertained, which may produce pollutants
The type and nature of the situation.
For water ecological damage incidents, understand the nature of the damage event, damage mode, time, location and other basic information, and identify the damage
The start time, end time, duration, frequency, damage area, damage amount, etc. of state behavior.
Continuous discharge, irregular continuous discharge, regular intermittent discharge, irregular intermittent discharge, etc.), drainage destination, discharge volume, sewage treatment process
And the operation status of treatment facilities; whether the first type of pollutants specified in GB 8978 has treatment facilities in the workshop or special pollutant treatment
Facilities etc.
For solid wastes, investigate the types, forms, quantities, and attributes of solid wastes; solid waste generation links and forms,
Storage and disposal methods (open storage, storage in dedicated hazardous waste storage, storage in slag shed); whereabouts of solid waste; situation of tailings storage; prevention
Pollution prevention measures such as flooding, rain prevention, flood prevention, leakage prevention, and loss prevention.
5.1.3 Investigation of the basic situation of environmental pollution or ecological destruction
Grasp the natural environment (including hydrogeography, water environment quality), biological elements, and service functions of the polluted or damaged water ecosystem
Information on the time, method, process and scope of the damage.
For water environment pollution incidents, understand the pollutant discharge method, time, frequency, whereabouts, quantity, characteristic pollutant type and concentration;
Information on the type, quantity, and concentration of secondary pollutants generated by pollutants entering the surface water and sediment environment.
5.1.4 Investigation of the basic situation of incident response
Understand control measures such as pollutant cleanup and prevention of pollution spread, implement surface water and sediment ecological environment treatment and restoration, and water ecology
Relevant materials and conditions of restoration, including implementation process, implementation effect, cost and other related information.
Grasp the monitoring of environmental quality and aquatic organisms and monitoring data.
5.2 Natural environment and water function information collection
The survey collects the natural environment information of the affected water area and the area where the water area is located, including.
a) Water area history, current status and planning function data;
b) Water area topography, hydrology and regional climate and meteorological data;
c) Geological and hydrological geomorphological data of the water area and its area;
d) Historical monitoring data of surface water and sediments;
e) Drinking water sources, ecological protection red lines, nature reserves, important wetlands, scenic spots and areas within the affected waters
Information on the distribution of environmentally sensitive areas such as basic farmland and residential areas, as well as plankton, benthic animals, large aquatic plants, and fish
The distribution of major biological resources such as swimming animals, waterfowl, mammals and riverside vegetation.
5.3 Socio-economic information collection
Collect socioeconomic information of the area where the affected waters are located, mainly including.
a) The current situation and development of the economy and major industries;
b) Related information on local regulations, policies and standards;
c) Related information on population, transportation, infrastructure, energy and water supply, related aquatic products, water resources prices, etc.
5.4 Develop a work plan
Based on the monitoring data, damage situation, natural environment and socio-economic information, preliminary judgment of surface water ecological environmental damage
The range and type of possible damage, and if necessary, use actual monitoring data to simulate the spatial distribution of pollutants and aquatic organisms damage.
According to the basic situation of the incident and the needs of appraisal and evaluation, clarify the content of damage appraisal and evaluation work to be carried out, design work procedures, and communicate
Determine the specific methods of appraisal and evaluation work through investigation, special research, expert consultation, etc., and prepare work plans.
6 Investigation and confirmation of surface water ecological environmental damage
6.1 Determine the survey object and scope
6.1.1 Principles of Investigation
According to the requirements of the evaluation work plan, refer to relevant standards such as HJ/T 91, HJ 493, HJ 494, HJ 495, HJ 589, etc.
Carry out sampling and analysis of surface water and sediment distribution to determine the environmental conditions of surface water and sediments, which can contribute to water ecological service functions, water
Investigate the types and quantities of biological organisms; collect hydrological and geomorphological data, grasp the flow, velocity, water level, topography of rivers and lakes, and depth of sediment
Key information such as the degree of temperature, surface water and groundwater circulation. At the same time, through historical data query, comparison area survey, standard comparison and selection, etc.,
Determine the baseline and confirm whether the surface water ecological environment has been damaged by comparison.
6.1.2 Investigation of water ecological service functions
Obtain the history, current situation and planning information of water resources in the survey area, and find out the damage to the surface water ecological environment before, during the damage period, and recovery
During the recovery period, the dominant ecological functions and service types of the assessment area, such as the habitat of rare aquatic organisms, spawning grounds for fish and shrimps, feeding grounds for larval and juvenile fish,
Supporting service functions such as fish and shrimp overwintering grounds and migration channels, germplasm resource protection areas, waterway transportation, shoreline stability, etc., flood regulation, storage, and invasion
Corrosion control, water purification and other adjustment service functions, centralized drinking water source water, aquaculture water, agricultural irrigation water, industrial production
Supply service functions such as water, fisheries, etc., human indirect contact with landscape function water, general landscape water, swimming and other leisure and entertainment, etc.
Cultural service function.
6.1.3 The focus of investigation of different types of incidents
According to the general situation of the incident, the relevant information of the affected water area and its surrounding environment, determine the investigation object and scope.
For sudden water environmental pollution incidents, mainly through on-site investigation, emergency monitoring, model simulation and other methods, focusing on investigation and judgment of pollution
Source, nature of pollutants, environmental media that may be involved, possible pollutants affected by the hydrological and hydrogeological environment, and emergency handling of incidents
Diffusion distribution range and secondary pollutants, the migration and transformation behavior of pollutants in water bodies, water ecological service functions and the extent of damage to aquatic organisms
And space-time range. If emergency monitoring is not carried out in time and the concentration of pollutants in surface water cannot be obtained, the model can be used to simulate
Forecast and use actual monitoring data for model verification.
For cumulative water environmental pollution incidents, the main methods of actual environmental monitoring and biological observation are mainly used to investigate pollution sources and pollutants.
Nature, possible environmental media, diffusion and distribution range of pollutants, migration and transformation of pollutants in water bodies, sediments, and organisms
Behavior and its possible secondary pollutants, water ecological service function and damage degree and time-space range of aquatic organisms.
For water ecological damage events, mainly through actual investigation, biological observation, model simulation and other methods, focusing on the investigation of water ecological service function
Damage to energy and aquatic organisms, time and space scope, secondary pollution that may be caused by aquatic ecological damage and its services to the water environment and water ecology
Function and influence of aquatic organisms.
6.2 Determine survey indicators
According to the types and characteristics of surface water ecological environment events, relevant indicators are selected for investigation, monitoring and evaluation. Various types of surface water
The main survey indicators of environmental incidents are shown in Table 1.
6.2.1 Screening of characteristic pollutants
For situations where the pollution source is clear, refer to industry emission standards, and through site surveys, data collection and personnel interviews,
The production process of the industry, the use of raw materials and additives, and the physical and chemical changes of the substances in the surface water and sediment
The secondary pollutants that may be generated by the interaction of substances, comprehensive analysis and identification of characteristic pollutants.
For cases where the source of pollution is unknown, qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis of collected samples is used to identify characteristic pollutants.
For the screening of characteristic pollutants, priority should be given to my country’s relevant water environmental quality standards and sewage discharge standards, and the list of priority chemicals
And the substances specified in the list of toxic and harmful water pollutants, combined with regional water function characteristics and the physical and chemical properties of chemical substances, corrosiveness, environmental
Environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, acute and chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity, screening and identifying characteristic pollutants. When necessary, combined with relevant experimental testing
Try to evaluate its hazards and determine whether it is a characteristic pollutant. Refer to GB/T 22234 and GB 13690 for the hazardous classification method of chemical substances.
The quality of the toxicity data of the chemical substances based on it shall comply with the relevant screening principles of HJ 831.
Common characteristic pollutants involved in water environment pollution incidents mainly include.
a) Inorganic pollutants. heavy metals, acids, alkalis, cyanides, fluorides, etc.;
b) Organic pollutants. oils, aliphatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene series, organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones,
Phenols, esters, etc.;
c) Eutrophication characteristic indicators. nutrient indicators such as total phosphorus and total nitrogen, biological indicators such as chlorophyll a, transparency, algae biomass, etc.
Toxic substances produced by algal blooms such as microcystins and olfactory substances.
The indicators that affect the potential damage of pollutants to the surface water and sediment environment and aquatic organisms mainly include.
a) Hydrological indicators. temperature, flow velocity, water depth and other hydrological indicators related to flow changes;
b) Water quality indicators. pH, hardness, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, COD, redox potential, etc.;
c) Indexes of physical and chemical properties of deposition. particle size, organic carbon, sulfide, etc.
6.2.2 Determination of hydrological and geomorphological indicators
For river water bodies, select the river basin water system, basin boundary, river section shape, river section shrinkage coefficient,
River section diffusion coefficient, river bed roughness, rainfall, evaporation, river runoff, river bottom gradient, river curvature, velocity, flow,
Indicators such as water level, water temperature, sediment content, background water quality, recharge relationship between surface water and groundwater, and riverbed sedimentation structure.
For lakes...
...
