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Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 5: Leaching test in soil
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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB/T 31270.5-2025 (GB/T31270.5-2025) |
| Description (Translated English) | Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 5: Leaching test in soil |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | B15 |
| Classification of International Standard | 65.100 |
| Word Count Estimation | 18,158 |
| Date of Issue | 2025-10-31 |
| Date of Implementation | 2026-05-01 |
| Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 31270.5-2014 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation and Standardization Administration of China |
GB/T 31270.5-2025: Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 5: Leaching test in soil
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 65.100
CCSB15
National Standards of the People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 31270.5-2014
Environmental Safety Evaluation Test Guidelines for Chemical Pesticides
Part 5.Soil Leaching Test
Part 5.Teaching test in oil
Implemented on May 1, 2026
State Administration for Market Regulation
The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.
Table of contents
Preface III
Introduction V
1.Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3.Terms and Definitions 1
4.Principle 2
5.Test conditions 2
6.Reagents and Materials 2
7.Instruments and Equipment 3
8.Test and control substances 4
9.Experimental Steps 4
10.Experimental Data Processing 5
11 Quality Control 6
12 Test Report 6
Appendix A (Informative) Schematic diagram of leaching apparatus 8
Appendix B (Informative) Soil Leachability Classification 9
References 10
Foreword
This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".
Drafting.
This document is Part 5 of GB/T 31270, "Test Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides". GB/T 31270 has been published.
The following section.
---Part 1.Soil Metabolism Test;
---Part 2.Hydrolysis Test;
---Part 3.Photolysis Test;
---Part 4.Soil Adsorption/Desorption Tests;
---Part 5.Soil Leaching Test;
---Part 6.Volatility Testing;
---Part 7.Bioaccumulation Assays;
---Part 8.Metabolic Experiments of Water-Sediment Systems;
---Part 9.Short-term feeding toxicity tests in birds;
---Part 10.Acute toxicity tests on bees;
---Part 11.Acute Toxicity Tests on Silkworms;
---Part 12.Acute Toxicity Testing in Fish;
---Part 13.Acute Activity Inhibition Test in Daphnia;
---Part 14.Algal Growth Inhibition Test;
---Part 15.Acute toxicity test of earthworms;
---Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity Testing;
---Part 17.Acute toxicity test of the natural enemy Trichogramma wasp;
---Part 18.Acute toxicity testing in natural enemy amphibians;
---Part 19.Experiments on the Effects of Non-Target Plants;
---Part 20.Short-term feeding toxicity studies in livestock;
---Part 21.Toxicity Testing of Large Crustaceans;
---Part 22.Photolysis Test of Soil Surface;
---Part 23.Acute oral toxicity test in birds.
This document supersedes GB/T 31270.5-2014 "Test Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides Part 5.Soil Leaching Test".
Compared with GB/T 31270.5-2014, apart from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) The scope of application has been changed (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of the.2014 edition);
b) The requirements for the tested soil have been changed (see 6.2, 4.1.2 of the.2014 edition);
c) The requirements for the test substance have been changed (see Chapter 8, 4.1.1 of the.2014 edition);
d) Soil thin-layer chromatography has been removed (see 4.2.1 and 4.3.1 in the.2014 edition);
e) The requirements for the test procedures have been changed (see Chapter 9, 4.2.2 of the.2014 edition), adding requirements for the qualitative analysis of metabolites and aging residues.
Leaching tests (see 9.1.5 and 9.2);
f) The experimental data processing method was changed (see Chapter 10, 4.3.2 of the.2014 edition);
g) The test quality control requirements have been changed (see Chapter 11, 4.4 of the.2014 edition);
h) The requirements for test reports have been changed (see Chapter 12, Chapter 5 of the.2014 edition).
Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Pesticide Standardization (SAC/TC133).
This document was drafted by the Institute for the Control of Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
The main drafters of this document are. Wu Wenzhu, Tao Chuanjiang, Chen Lang, Wang Yixuan, Song Ninghui, Wu Di, Liu Xingang, Kong Deyang, Pan Hongji, and Yin Shuo.
The release history of this document and the document it replaces is as follows.
---First published in.2014 as GB/T 31270.5-2014;
---This is the first revision.
Introduction
To reduce the impact of pesticide use on the ecological environment and provide data that meets the requirements of pesticide environmental risk assessment, it is necessary to conduct environmental safety assessment trials.
The test clarifies the characteristics of pesticides in the environment, including metabolism, degradation, adsorption, leaching, and bioaccumulation, as well as their toxicity to non-target organisms. GB/T 31270
The "Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides" is a standard for testing methods that guides environmental safety evaluation of pesticides in my country, aiming to standardize pesticide testing.
The environmental safety assessment test work, which aims to improve the scientific rigor and comparability of pesticide environmental safety assessment tests, consists of 23 parts.
---Part 1.Soil Metabolism Experiment. The aim is to clarify the metabolic pathways and rates of pesticides in soil.
---Part 2.Hydrolysis Tests. The purpose is to clarify the hydrolysis pathways and rates of pesticides.
---Part 3.Photolysis Experiment. The purpose is to clarify the photolysis pathway and rate of pesticides.
---Part 4.Soil Adsorption/Desorption Tests. The purpose is to clarify the soil adsorption characteristics of pesticides.
---Part 5.Soil Leaching Test. The purpose is to determine the leaching properties of pesticides.
---Part 6.Volatility Test. The purpose is to determine the volatility of pesticides.
---Part 7.Bioaccumulation Test. The purpose is to determine the bioaccumulation of pesticides in fish.
---Part 8.Metabolic Experiments in Aquatic-Sediment Systems. The aim is to clarify the metabolic pathways and metabolism of pesticides in aquatic-sediment systems.
Thank rate.
---Part 9.Short-term feeding toxicity studies in birds. The aim was to determine the short-term feeding toxicity of pesticides to birds.
---Part 10.Acute toxicity tests on bees. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to bees.
---Part 11.Acute toxicity test on silkworms. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to silkworms.
---Part 12.Acute Toxicity Tests in Fish. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to fish.
---Part 13.Acute activity inhibition test of Daphnia. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to Daphnia.
---Part 14.Algal Growth Inhibition Tests. The purpose was to determine the toxicity of pesticides to algae.
---Part 15.Acute toxicity test on earthworms. The purpose was to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to earthworms.
---Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity Testing. The purpose is to determine the toxicity of pesticides to soil microorganisms.
---Part 17.Acute toxicity test of the natural enemy Trichogramma wasp. The purpose was to determine the toxicity of pesticides to Trichogramma wasps.
---Part 18.Acute toxicity tests on natural enemies (amphibians). The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to amphibians.
---Part 19.Effects on Non-Target Plants. The aim is to determine the toxicity of pesticides to non-target plants.
---Part 20.Short-term feeding toxicity studies in livestock. The aim is to determine the feeding toxicity of pesticides to livestock.
---Part 21.Toxicity Testing on Large Crustaceans. The purpose is to determine the toxicity of pesticides to large crustaceans.
---Part 22.Photodegradation Experiments on Soil Surfaces. The purpose is to clarify the photodegradation pathways and rates of pesticides on soil surfaces.
---Part 23.Acute oral toxicity tests in birds. The purpose is to determine the acute oral toxicity of pesticides to birds.
Environmental Safety Evaluation Test Guidelines for Chemical Pesticides
Part 5.Soil Leaching Test
Warning---Personnel using this document should have practical experience working in a formal laboratory. This document does not address all possible safety issues.
Users are responsible for taking appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring compliance with relevant national regulations.
1 Scope
This document describes the test methods for chemical pesticide leaching tests in soil.
This document applies to soil leaching tests conducted for the registration of chemical pesticides.
This document does not apply to highly volatile pesticides such as fumigants.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.
For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.
This document.
GB/T 6682 Specifications and test methods for water used in analytical laboratories
GB/T 31270.1 Environmental Safety Assessment Test Guidelines for Chemical Pesticides - Part 1.Soil Metabolism Tests
GB/T 32726-2016 Soil Quality - Field Soil Description
GB/T 39228 Determination of soil microbial biomass - Fumigation extraction method
LY/T 1215 Determination of Physical Properties of Forest Soil Moisture
LY/T 1225 Determination of particle size distribution (mechanical composition) of forest soils
LY/T 1243 Determination of Cation Exchange Capacity in Forest Soils
NY/T 1121.2 Soil Testing - Part 2.Determination of Soil pH
NY/T 1121.4 Soil Testing - Part 4.Determination of Soil Bulk Density
NY/T 1121.6 Soil Testing - Part 6.Determination of Soil Organic Matter
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
At the end of leaching, the distance of the deepest soil section where the amount of the test sample or aged residue is greater than or equal to 0.5% of the initial addition amount.
3.2
The distance from the bottom of the soil section to the top of the soil column where the cumulative recovery rate of the test substance reaches 50% of the total recovery rate in a conventional leaching test; or in the aging...
In the residual leaching test, the distance from the bottom of the soil section to the top of the soil column where the cumulative recovery rate reached 50% of the total recovery rate, minus the aging residual soil layer, is taken as the distance.
...
