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GB/T 31270.16-2025: Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 16: Soil microorganism toxicity test
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GB/T 31270.16-2025: Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides - Part 16: Soil microorganism toxicity test

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ICS 65.100 CCSB15 National Standards of the People's Republic of China Replaces GB/T 31270.16-2014 Environmental Safety Evaluation Test Guidelines for Chemical Pesticides Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity Testing Published on 2025-10-05 Implemented on May 1, 2026 State Administration for Market Regulation The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.

Table of Contents

Preface III Introduction V 1.Scope 1 2 Normative References 1 3.Terms and Definitions 1 4.Principle 1 5.Test conditions 2 6.Reagents and Materials 2 7.Instruments and Equipment 3 8 Test Subjects 3 9.Experimental Steps 4 10.Experimental Data Processing 5 11 Quality Control 5 12 Test Report 5 References 7

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting. This document is Part 16 of GB/T 31270, "Test Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides". GB/T 31270 has been published. The following section. ---Part 1.Soil Metabolism Test; ---Part 2.Hydrolysis Test; ---Part 3.Photolysis Experiment; ---Part 4.Soil Adsorption/Desorption Tests; ---Part 5.Soil Leaching Test; ---Part 6.Volatility Testing; ---Part 7.Bioaccumulation Assays; ---Part 8.Metabolic Experiments of Water-Sediment Systems; ---Part 9.Short-term feeding toxicity tests in birds; ---Part 10.Acute toxicity tests on bees; ---Part 11.Acute toxicity test on silkworms; ---Part 12.Acute Toxicity Testing in Fish; ---Part 13.Acute Activity Inhibition Test in Daphnia; ---Part 14.Algal Growth Inhibition Test; ---Part 15.Acute toxicity test of earthworms; ---Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity Testing; ---Part 17.Acute toxicity test of the natural enemy Trichogramma wasp; ---Part 18.Acute toxicity testing in natural enemy amphibians; ---Part 19.Experiments on the Effects of Non-Target Plants; ---Part 20.Short-term feeding toxicity tests in livestock; ---Part 21.Toxicity Testing of Large Crustaceans; ---Part 22.Photolysis Test of Soil Surface; ---Part 23.Acute oral toxicity test in birds. This document replaces GB/T 31270.16-2014 "Test Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity". Compared with GB/T 31270.16-2014, the main technical changes in "Sexual Testing" are as follows, except for structural adjustments and editorial modifications. a) The relevant provisions on the CO2 absorption method have been deleted (see Chapter 1, 3.2, 4.1.2.1, 4.1.4.1, 4.2.1, 4.3.1, and 4.4 of the.2014 edition). Chapter 5); (b) The definitions of the terms chemical pesticides, technical grade pesticides, formulations, active ingredients, test substances, and impact rates have been deleted (see sections 2.1 and 2.2 of the.2014 edition). 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6); c) Added reagent-related requirements (see 6.1); d) The properties of the tested soil, sampling, and storage requirements have been changed (see 6.2, 4.1.2.2 of the.2014 edition); e) Added requirements related to test containers (see 6.4); f) The soil sample culture method was changed (see 9.2.2, 4.2.2.3 of the.2014 version); g) The preparation method for the test substance has been changed, and requirements for the preparation of volatile test substances have been added (see 9.2.3, 4.2.2.2 of the.2014 version); h) Sample analysis requirements have been changed (see 9.3.2, 4.2.2.4 of the.2014 version); i) The data processing method has been changed (see 10.1, 4.3.2 of the.2014 version); j) The method for expressing experimental results has been improved (see 10.2). Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Pesticide Standardization (SAC/TC133). This document was drafted by the Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The main drafters of this document are. Yuan Shankui, Mao Liangang, Chen Lang, Zhou Yanming, Liu Liang, Zhu Lizhen, Wu Chi, Zhang Lan, Wang Yongjiang, and Bai Xiaoning. Yang Siqi, Wang Yingjie, Yang Yu. The release history of this document and the document it replaces is as follows. ---First published in.2014 as GB/T 31270.16-2014; ---This is the first revision.

introduction

To reduce the impact of pesticide use on the ecological environment and provide data that meets the requirements of pesticide environmental risk assessment, an environmental safety assessment is necessary. The experiment aims to clarify the characteristics of pesticides in the environment, such as metabolism, degradation, adsorption, leaching, and bioaccumulation, as well as their toxicity to non-target organisms. GB/T 31270, "Test Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides," is a standard for test methods guiding environmental safety evaluation of pesticides in my country. The standardization of pesticide environmental safety evaluation testing and the improvement of the scientific rigor and comparability of pesticide environmental safety evaluation testing consist of 23 parts. ---Part 1.Soil Metabolism Experiment. The aim is to clarify the metabolic pathways and rates of pesticides in soil. ---Part 2.Hydrolysis Tests. The purpose is to clarify the hydrolysis pathways and rates of pesticides. ---Part 3.Photolysis Experiment. The purpose is to clarify the photolysis pathway and rate of pesticides. ---Part 4.Soil Adsorption/Desorption Tests. The purpose is to clarify the soil adsorption characteristics of pesticides. ---Part 5.Soil Leaching Test. The purpose is to determine the leaching properties of pesticides. ---Part 6.Volatility Test. The purpose is to determine the volatility of pesticides. ---Part 7.Bioaccumulation Test. The purpose is to determine the bioaccumulation of pesticides in fish. ---Part 8.Metabolic Experiments in Aquatic-Sediment Systems. The aim is to clarify the metabolic pathways and metabolism of pesticides in aquatic-sediment systems. Thanksgiving rate. ---Part 9.Short-term feeding toxicity studies in birds. The aim was to determine the short-term feeding toxicity of pesticides to birds. ---Part 10.Acute toxicity tests on bees. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to bees. ---Part 11.Acute toxicity test on silkworms. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to silkworms. ---Part 12.Acute Toxicity Tests in Fish. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to fish. ---Part 13.Acute activity inhibition test of Daphnia. The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to Daphnia. ---Part 14.Algal Growth Inhibition Tests. The purpose was to determine the toxicity of pesticides to algae. ---Part 15.Acute toxicity test on earthworms. The purpose was to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to earthworms. ---Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity Testing. The purpose is to determine the toxicity of pesticides to soil microorganisms. ---Part 17.Acute toxicity test of the natural enemy Trichogramma wasp. The purpose was to determine the toxicity of pesticides to Trichogramma wasps. ---Part 18.Acute toxicity tests on natural enemies (amphibians). The purpose is to determine the acute toxicity of pesticides to amphibians. ---Part 19.Effects on Non-Target Plants. The aim is to determine the toxicity of pesticides to non-target plants. ---Part 20.Short-term feeding toxicity studies in livestock. The aim is to determine the feeding toxicity of pesticides to livestock. ---Part 21.Toxicity Testing on Large Crustaceans. The purpose is to determine the toxicity of pesticides to large crustaceans. ---Part 22.Photodegradation Experiments on Soil Surfaces. The purpose is to clarify the photodegradation pathways and rates of pesticides on soil surfaces. ---Part 23.Acute oral toxicity tests in birds. The purpose is to determine the acute oral toxicity of pesticides to birds. Environmental Safety Evaluation Test Guidelines for Chemical Pesticides Part 16.Soil Microbial Toxicity Testing Warning---Personnel using this document should have practical experience working in a formal laboratory. This document does not address all possible safety issues. Users are responsible for taking appropriate safety and health measures and ensuring compliance with relevant national regulations. 1.Scope This document describes the soil microbial toxicity test method for environmental safety assessment of chemical pesticides. This document applies to soil microbial toxicity testing conducted for the registration of chemical pesticides.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included. For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies. This document. GB/T 6682 Specifications and test methods for water used in analytical laboratories GB/T 39228 Determination of soil microbial biomass - Fumigation extraction method LY/T 1215 Determination of soil moisture and physical properties in forests LY/T 1225 Determination of particle size distribution (mechanical composition) of forest soils LY/T 1243 Determination of Cation Exchange Capacity in Forest Soils NY/T 1121.2 Soil Testing - Part 2.Determination of Soil pH NY/T 1121.6 Soil Testing - Part 6.Determination of Soil Organic Matter NY/T 1121.24 Soil Testing - Part 24.Determination of Total Nitrogen in Soil - Automated Nitrogen Analyzer Method NY/T 2882.8 Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticide Registration - Part 8.Soil Biology 3.Terms and Definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Microorganisms degrade nitrogen-containing organic matter into inorganic end products, nitrates, through ammoniation and nitrification. 4.Principles The addition of the test substance may inhibit or promote ammonification and nitrification by soil microorganisms, thereby affecting the degradation of nitrogen-containing organic matter in the soil. It is a nitrate. The test substance was added to test soil mixed with an appropriate amount of organic substrate for treatment, and then cultured under certain conditions. At a certain time interval, samples were periodically taken and the nitrate content in the treatment group and the control group was measured to compare the nitrogen conversion between the two groups. Differences in conversion rates are used to determine whether the test substance has a long-term effect on nitrogen transformation in the soil. ...