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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB/T 22437.3-2025 (GB/T22437.3-2025) |
| Description (Translated English) | Cranes - Design principles for loads and load combinations - Part 3: Tower cranes |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | J80 |
| Classification of International Standard | 53.020.20 |
| Word Count Estimation | 34,385 |
| Date of Issue | 2025-10-31 |
| Date of Implementation | 2026-05-01 |
| Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 22437.3-2008 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation and Standardization Administration of China |
GB/T 22437.3-2025: Cranes - Design principles for loads and load combinations - Part 3: Tower cranes
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 53.020.20
CCSJ80
National Standards of the People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 22437.3-2008
Crane load and load combination design principles
Part 3.Tower Cranes
Part 3.Towercranes
(ISO 8686-3.2018, MOD)
Published on 2025-10-31
Implemented on May 1, 2026
State Administration for Market Regulation
The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.
Table of contents
Preface III
Introduction V
1.Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3.Terms and Definitions 1
4 Symbols 2
5 General Rules 2
6 Load 2
6.1 Basic Requirements 2
6.2 Load and dynamic coefficient ϕi values 2
6.3 Wind load in non-operating state 4
6.4 Loads caused by installation, dismantling, and transportation 7
6.5 Load on the channel device 8
7 Load Combinations 9
7.1 Basic Requirements 9
7.2 Advantageous and Disadvantageous Qualities 9
7.3 Safety factor of 10 for tower crane weight
7.4 High-risk applications 11
7.5 Load combination for strength verification 11
7.6 Load Combinations for Fatigue Calculation 14
7.7 Load Combinations for Stability Verification 14
7.8 Wind-resistant slippage (moving tower crane) 16
8.Load on the tower crane support structure 16
8.1 Basic Requirements 16
8.2 Load Combination 17
Appendix A (Informative) Technical Differences between this Document and ISO 8686-3.2018 and Their Reasons 18
Appendix B (Normative) Loads and Load Combinations for Climbing Systems 22
B.1 Load 22
B.2 Load Combination 22
B.3 Other 23
References 24
Figure 1.Wind direction diagram for "rear wind", "front wind" and "side wind" 5
Figure 2.Mass force caused by acceleration of the drive mechanism.
Figure 3.Mass forces caused by collisions during the installation or removal of components.
Figure 4.Examples 10 of favorable and unfavorable qualities
Figure 5.Example 14 of the reference shaft of an unloaded upper slewing tower crane.
Figure 6.Example 15 of the reference shaft for a loaded upper slewing tower crane.
Table 1.Load and dynamic coefficient values ϕi 2 for tower cranes
Table 2 Loads on the channel device 9
Table 3 Values of the safety factor γp for each item 11
Table 4 Loads, load combinations, and partial safety factors used for strength verification 12
Table 5.Partial safety factor of 15 used for rigid body stability verification.
Table 6 Operating Friction Resistance and Coefficient of Friction 16
Table A.1 Technical Differences Between This Document and ISO 8686-3.2018 and Their Reasons 18
Table B.1 Loads and Load Combinations of the Climbing System 23
Foreword
This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".
Drafting.
This document is Part 3 of GB/T 22437 "Design Principles for Crane Loads and Load Combinations". GB/T 22437 has been issued.
The following parts were laid out.
---Part 1.General Provisions;
---Part 2.Mobile Cranes;
---Part 3.Tower Cranes;
---Part 4.Boom Cranes;
---Part 5.Bridge and Gantry Cranes.
This document replaces GB/T 22437.3-2008 "Design Principles of Crane Loads and Load Combinations - Part 3.Tower Cranes".
Compared with GB/T 22437.3-2008, the main technical changes in the revised standard are as follows, except for structural adjustments and editorial modifications.
a) The scope description has been revised, adding "tower cranes used in construction projects are specially equipped with hooks as lifting devices (lifting tools)" and "for planned use..."
For tower cranes used for other purposes and/or equipped with other lifting devices (slings), other parameter values may apply depending on their specific application.
Contents (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of the.2008 edition);
b) The term "lifting load" and its definition have been added (see Chapter 3);
c) The content of the symbols has been changed (see Chapter 4, Chapter 4 of the.2008 edition);
d) The general principles have been amended (see Chapter 5, Chapter 5 of the.2008 edition);
e) The basic requirements for loads have been increased (see 6.1);
f) The loads and applicable coefficients have been changed (see 6.2, Table 1; Chapter 6, Table 1,.2008 edition);
g) Added design requirements for wind loads in non-operating states (see 6.3);
h) Added design requirements for loads caused by installation, disassembly, and transportation (see 6.4);
i) Increased design requirements for loads on the channel device (see 6.5);
j) Content related to inertial forces and wind loads under operating conditions has been removed (see 7.1 and 7.2 in the.2008 edition);
k) Added basic requirements for load combinations (see 7.1), favorable and unfavorable masses (see 7.2), and partial safety factors for tower crane mass.
(See 7.3), high-risk applications (see 7.4), load combinations for strength verification (see 7.5), load combinations for fatigue verification (see 7.6).
7.6) Load combinations for stability verification (see 7.7), wind slip resistance (for traveling tower cranes) (see 7.8), and other related design requirements;
l) The contents of the loads, load combinations, and partial safety factors used for strength verification have been changed (see Table 4, Table 2 in the.2008 edition);
m) The basic requirements for load design of tower crane support structures (see 8.1) and load combinations (see 8.2) have been added;
n) The design requirements for the load and load combination of the climbing system have been increased (see Appendix B).
This document is modified to adopt ISO 8686-3.2018 "Design principles for crane loads and load combinations – Part 3.Tower cranes".
Heavy machinery.
This document has undergone the following structural adjustments compared to ISO 8686-3.2018.
---Sections 3.1 "Balancing Moment" and 3.2 "Offset Moment" in ISO 8686-3.2018 have been deleted, and the term "lifting load" and its...
definition;
---The description of the direction of load application in section 6.5 "Loads on channel devices" of ISO 8686-3.2018 has been moved to Table 2 "Channel Devices".
In the phrase "load on the device";
---Added Appendix A, "Technical Differences Between This Document and ISO 8686-3.2018 and Their Reasons," which will include Appendix A of ISO 8686-3.2018.
"Load and Load Combination of Climbing System" is revised to Appendix B;
---Footnotes b-e and the description of load combinations in Table A.1 of ISO 8686-3.2018 have been moved to an appendix outside of Table B.1.
In the corresponding clauses of B.
This document differs significantly from ISO 8686-3.2018.The relevant clauses are indicated in vertical margins.
Single lines (∣) are indicated. Appendix A provides a summary of these technical differences and their reasons.
The following editorial changes have been made to this document.
---Change "lifting device" to "lifting device (sling)" (see Chapter 1);
---Change the chapter title to "Symbol" (see Chapter 4);
---The phrase "These additional empirical load cases mainly involve extensions to rigid body stability checks" has been removed (see ISO 8686-3.2018).
(The third paragraph of 6.3.1)
---Change "Power amplification of row 1 in Table 1" to "Coefficient ϕ1 of row 1 in Table 1" (see 6.4);
---Change "The following load combinations specified in Table 5" to "The following load combinations specified in Table 4" (see 8.2).
Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Lifting Machinery (SAC/TC227).
This document was drafted by. Beijing Institute of Building Mechanization Co., Ltd., Fushun Yongmao Building Machinery Co., Ltd., and Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology.
School of Science and Technology, Xuzhou Construction Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd., Hubei Jianghan Construction Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd., Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Jiangxi Zhongtian Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.
Limited Liability Company, Langfang Kaibo Construction Machinery Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document are. Tian Guangfan, Sun Tian, Lan Peng, Zha Gefei, Mi Chenghong, Wen Zhaohui, Xu Gening, Deng Jianlin, Yao Jinke, and Li Bo.
Zheng Huaipeng, Zhou Bing, Yuan Zhenxing.
The release history of this document and the document it replaces is as follows.
---First published in.2008 as GB/T 22437.3-2008;
---This is the first revision.
Introduction
GB/T 22437 specifies the general methods for calculating various loads and selecting load combinations for various types of cranes as defined in GB/T 6947.1.
The general principle is to verify the load-bearing capacity of various crane metal structures and mechanical parts, and it is proposed to consist of 5 parts.
---Part 1.General Principles. The purpose is to specify the general methods for calculating various loads and the general principles for selecting load combinations.
---Part 2.Mobile Cranes. The purpose is to specify the methods for calculating various loads on mobile cranes and to select load groups.
The principle of harmony.
---Part 3.Tower Cranes. The purpose is to specify the methods for calculating various loads on tower cranes and selecting load combinations.
in principle.
---Part 4.Boom Cranes. The purpose is to specify the methods for calculating various loads on boom cranes and selecting load combinations.
in principle.
---Part 5.Bridge and Gantry Cranes. The purpose is to specify the methods for calculating various loads on bridge and gantry cranes and for selecting appropriate loads.
The principle of selecting load combinations.
Crane load and load combination design principles
Part 3.Tower Cranes
1 Scope
This document specifies the tower cranes (hereinafter referred to as "tower cranes") as defined in GB/T 22437.1 and GB/T 6974.3 for use in building construction.
The paper describes the application of the machine in structural calculations and provides specific requirements and values for the coefficients used in structural calculations.
This document applies to the design of tower cranes as defined in GB/T 6974.3 for use in building construction.
Tower cranes used in construction projects are specially equipped with hooks as lifting devices (lifting tools).
For tower cranes intended for other purposes and/or equipped with other lifting devices (slings), additional parameters may apply depending on their specific application.
Numerical value.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.
For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.
This document.
GB/T 5905.1 Crane Inspection and Testing Standards Part 1.General Rules
GB/T 6974.3 Crane Terminology Part 3.Tower Cranes (GB/T 6974.3-2024, ISO 4306-3.2016)
IDT)
GB/T 10183.1-2018 Crane wheels and trolley/roller rails – Tolerances – Part 1.General (ISO 12488-1.
2012, IDT)
GB/T 13752-2017 Design Specification for Tower Cranes
GB/T 22437.1-2018 Design principles for crane loads and load combinations – Part 1.General principles (ISO 8686-1.
2012, IDT)
GB/T 30024-2020 Capability verification of metal structures for cranes (ISO 20332.2016, IDT)
ISO 4302 Cranes - Windload Assessment
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 6974.3 and GB/T 22437.1, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
hoistload
The effective load is the sum of the weights suspended by the tower crane, including fixed and detachable lifting devices, as well as flexible lifting components (such as hoisting wire ropes).
The sum of the weights of the suspended parts.
Note 1.The lifting load is equivalent to the total lifting capacity defined in 8.1.7 of GB/T 6974.1-2008, not the rated lifting capacity defined in 8.1.8 of GB/T 6974.1-2008.
Set the lifting weight.
Note 2.The effective load is the effective lifting capacity defined in 8.1.1 of GB/T 6974.1-2008.
Note 3.The definitions of detachable and fixed lifting devices are given in GB/T 6974.1-2008, sections 8.1.2 and 8.1.4.This document stipulates that tower cranes used in construction projects are specially equipped with lifting hooks.
As a lifting tool, this hook belongs to the category of fixed lifting tools.
...
