GB/T 13492-2025 PDF English
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GB/T 13492: Historical versions
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| GB/T 13492-1992 | 179 | Add to Cart | 2 days | Finishes for automobiles |
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GB/T 13492-2025: Automotive coatings
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT13492-2025GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 87.040 CCS G 51 Replacing GB/T 13492-1992, GB/T 13493-1992 Automotive Coatings Issued on: AUGUST 1, 2025 Implemented on: FEBRUARY 1, 2026 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative References... 5 3 Terms and Definitions... 7 4 Product Classification... 8 5 Requirements... 8 6 Test Methods... 12 7 Inspection Rules... 21 8 Marking, Packaging, and Storage... 21 Appendix A (Normative) Determination of DOI Value and Orange Peel... 22 Automotive Coatings1 Scope
This Document specifies the product classification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, and storage of automotive coatings. This Document applies to solvent-based and water-based coatings applied at automotive OEM plants to the surface of the vehicle body/cabin and simultaneously applied body panels and components for decorative and protective purposes. This Document does not apply to electrophoretic coatings or powder coatings.2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document. GB/T 1724-2019 Paints, varnishes and printing inks - Determination of fineness of grind GB/T 1725 Paints, varnishes and plastics - Determination of non-volatile-matter content GB/T 1727-2021 General methods for preparation of coating films GB/T 1728 Determination of drying time of coating and putty films GB/T 1731-2020 Determination of flexibility of coating and putty films GB/T 1732 Determination of impact resistance of coating films GB/T 1740 Determination of resistance to heat and humidity of paint films GB/T 1766 Paints and varnishes - Rating schemes of degradation of coats GB/T 1770 Rubbing test of coatings and putty films GB/T 1865 Paints and varnishes - Artificial weathering and exposure to artificial radiation - Exposure to filtered xenon-arc radiation GB/T 2794-2022 Determination for viscosity of adhesives GB/T 3186 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling GB/T 5206 Paints and varnishes - Terms and definitions GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods GB/T 6739 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film hardness by pencil test GB/T 6750 Paints and varnishes - Determination of density - Pycnometer method GB/T 6753.3 Methods of test for package stability of paints GB/T 8170-2008 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values GB/T 9271 Paints and varnishes standard panels for testing GB/T 9278 Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing of paint specimens GB/T 9286 Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test GB/T 9750 Marks for package of coating products GB/T 9753 Paints and varnishes - Cupping test GB/T 9754 Paints and varnishes - Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20° 60°and 85° GB/T 10125 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests GB 11121 Gasoline engine oils GB/T 11185 Paints and varnishes - Bend test (conical mandrel) GB/T 13452.2 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness GB/T 13893 Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to humidity - Continuous condensation GB 17930 Gasoline for motor vehicles GB 19147 Automobile diesel fuels GB/T 20777 Paints and varnishes - Examination and preparation of samples for testing GB/T 23981.2-2023 Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power - Part 2.Method of black and white grid panel GB/T 26704 Pencils GB/T 30648.1-2014 Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to liquids - Part 1. Immersion in liquids other than water GB/T 30648.2 Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to liquids - Part 2.Water immersion method GB/T 30648.4-2015 Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to liquids - Part 4. Spotting methods GB/T 30786 Paints and varnishes - Guidelines for the introduction of scribe for corrosion testing of metal substrates GB/T 37356 Paints and varnishes - Lighting and procedure for visual assessments of coatings ISO 20567-1 Paints and varnishes – Determination of stone-chip resistance of coatings – Part 1.Multi-impact testing3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5206 and the following apply. 3.1 Intermediate paints In multi-layer coating, the paint that is applied between the primer layer and the topcoat layer. 3.2 Effect pigment paints Paints that contain pigments with metallic, pearlescent, and other effects. 3.3 Solid color paints without clear coats Solid color paint that does not require a finishing varnish. 3.4 Base coats Paint that requires a finishing varnish. 3.5 Dual-base coats Two base coats with different functions or effects that are applied using a "wet-on-wet" coating method need to be coated with a finishing varnish.4 Product Classification
4.1 Based on the different dispersion mediums, automotive coatings are classified into solvent- based coatings and water-based coatings. 4.2 Based on the coating type, automotive coatings are classified into primers, intermediate coats, and topcoats; thereof, the topcoats are further classified by category into solid color paints without clear coats, base coats, dual-base coats, and finishing varnish. 4.3 Based on the durability of composite coatings, automotive coatings are classified into Class I, Class II, and Class III.5 Requirements
5.1 Primer performance requirements The primer performance shall meet the requirements of Table 1.6 Test Methods
6.1 Sampling Sampling shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 3186, or according to an agreed method. The sample size shall be determined based on the testing requirements Each test sample shall be inspected and prepared according to the provisions of GB/T 20777, and the final test sample shall be prepared in the "to be tested" state. 6.2 Test environment Unless otherwise specified, the temperature and relative humidity of the curing environment for self-drying paint test panels shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 9278.Drying time, cross-cut test, impact resistance, flexibility, bending test, cupping test, pencil hardness, gloss, DOI value, and orange peel test shall be conducted under the conditions specified in GB/T 9278; other items shall be tested according to the conditions specified in the relevant test method standards. 6.3 Preparation of test templet 6.3.1 Selection and treatment of substrate Unless otherwise specified, the substrate types for primer and intermediate paint test templets are shown in Table 5; the substrate types for topcoat test templets are shown in Table 6; and the substrate types for composite coating test templets are shown in Table 7. Unless otherwise specified, the material and treatment of tinplate and cold-rolled steel sheets used in the tests shall meet the requirements of GB/T 9271.For gloss, DOI value, and orange peel tests, the substrate is cold-rolled steel sheet with a surface roughness Rα ≤ 0.3 μm (controlled using a roughness measuring instrument with an accuracy of 0.05 μm or higher). For salt spray resistance and cyclic corrosion alternating tests, the substrate is cold-rolled steel sheet. In addition to treatment according to the provisions of GB/T 9271, it shall also undergo phosphate treatment. After phosphate treatment, the steel sheet shall undergo a 2-hour neutral salt spray test according to the provisions of GB/T 10125.The surface of the phosphate steel sheet shall show no damage after the test. The agreed substrate type and substrate treatment method shall be specified in the report. 6.3.2 Requirements for preparation of panel Unless otherwise specified, the test panel for primer and intermediate paint shall be prepared according to Table 5; the test panel for topcoat according to Table 6; and the test panel for composite coatings according to Table 7.Any panel preparation method different from that specified in this Document shall be specified in the report. Paint film thickness shall be measured according to one of the methods specified in the provisions of GB/T 13452.2. 6.4.7 Storage stability Place approximately 0.5 L of sample into a suitable plastic or glass container, leaving approximately 10% space inside. Seal the container and place it in an environment at the agreed temperature. After the agreed time, remove the container and place it at (23±2) ℃ for 3 h. If it is a multi-component coating, test the paint component for "sedimentation", "viscosity", and "fineness"; and test the curing agent component for "viscosity". Settling properties shall be tested according to GB/T 6753.3; viscosity according to 7.1 of GB/T 2794-2022; fineness according to 6.4.3; cross-cut test according to 6.4.9; impact resistance according to 6.4.10; and flexibility according to 6.4.11. 6.4.8 Drying time The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 1728.For self-drying types, after an agreed time, surface drying shall be conducted according to Method B for surface drying time; and actual drying shall be conducted according to Method A for actual drying time. If the coating is dry, it shall be rated as "pass". For baked types, baking shall be carried out at an agreed temperature and time; and the actual drying time shall be conducted according to Method A. If the coating is actually dry, it shall be rated as "pass". 6.4.9 Cross-cut test The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 9286.It is recommended to use a manual multi-blade cutting tool for cutting; remove loose coating from the cut area using transparent pressure-sensitive tape with a width of 25 mm and an adhesion strength of (10±1) N/25 mm. 6.4.10 Impact resistance The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 1732. 6.4.11 Flexibility The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of Clause 4 in GB/T 1731-2020. 6.4.12 Cupping test It shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 9753. 6.4.13 Polishability It shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T1770; sandpaper grade model, abrasion speed, and number of abrasion cycles shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. 6.4.14 Compatibility with subsequent coatings Prepare test panels for the primer and intermediate paint according to the provisions in Table 5. Apply the next coating according to product requirements. If it is easy to apply and does not exhibit peeling, after drying and curing according to the product requirements of the next coating, visually inspect the paint film under natural or artificial sunlight as specified in GB/T 37356.If there are no peeling, pinholes, pores, blistering, or bleeding, it shall be rated as "no defects". 6.4.15 Paint film appearance The test shall be conducted according to the provisions in 6.5 of GB/T 1727-2021.If the color of the paint film is uniform and there are no defects such as sagging, blooming, pinholes, cracking, or peeling, it shall be rated as "normal". 6.4.16 Bending test The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 11185. 6.4.17 Pencil hardness The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 6739.The pencil shall meet the requirements for high-grade graphite pencils specified in GB/T 26704. 6.4.18 Gloss (20°) The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 9754. 6.4.19 DOI value, orange peel The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of Appendix A. 6.4.20 Temperature change resistance Place 3 test panels in a low-temperature chamber at (-40±2) ℃ for 12 h; then immediately place them in an oven at (80±2) ℃ for 12 h. This constitutes one cycle (other temperature change cycling conditions may be agreed upon). After 10 cycles, immediately removing the test panels, visually inspect them under natural or artificial sunlight as specified in GB/T 37356.If at least 2 out of the 3 test panels show no paint film defects such as blistering, cracking, peeling, significant discoloration, or significant loss of gloss, they shall be rated as "no abnormity". If the above paint film defects occur, they shall be described according to the provisions of GB/T 1766.After being placed under the conditions in 6.2 for 24 h, conduct a cross-cut test as specified in 6.4.9. 6.4.21 Water resistance The test shall be conducted according to the provisions of GB/T 30648.2.Immerse 3 test panels in the same water tank for a partial immersion test to the specified time. Do not artificially damage the coating. Turn on water circulation but do not turn on the ventilation system. Visually ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
