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(Reciprocating internal combustion gas generating set thermal balance test method)
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NB/T 10301-2019
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| Standard ID | NB/T 10301-2019 (NB/T10301-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | (Reciprocating internal combustion gas generating set thermal balance test method) | | Sector / Industry | Energy Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F24 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.160.40 | | Word Count Estimation | 17,122 | | Date of Issue | 2019 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-05-01 |
NB/T 10301-2019
Thermal balance experiment method for reciprocating internal combustion gas generating set
ICS 29.160.40
F 24
National Standards of People's Republic of China
GB/T 10301-2019
Test method for heat balance of reciprocating internal combustion gas generating set
2019-11-04 released
2020-05-01 implementation
Issued by National Energy Administration
GB/T 10301-2019
Table of contents
Foreword...III
Introduction...IV
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...1
4 Symbols and units...2
5 Thermal balance model...2
6 Basic requirements for heat balance test...3
6.1 Test space...3
6.2 Standard reference conditions and environmental conditions...3
6.3 Cooling medium and fuel...3
6.4 Installation of measuring equipment and instruments...4
6.5 Accuracy of measuring equipment and instruments...4
7 Test method...4
7.1 General inspection...4
7.2 Basic steps...4
7.3 Test method...4
8 Calculation method...5
8.1 Heat balance of gas unit...5
8.2 Fuel thermal energy...5
8.3 Air quality consumed by combustion...6
8.4 Enthalpy of combustion exhaust...6
8.5 Enthalpy of air required for combustion...6
8.6 Heat energy of exhaust...7
8.7 Heat energy of high temperature cooling water...7
8.8 Thermal energy of low temperature cooling water...7
8.9 Convection and radiant heat energy...7
8.10 Thermal efficiency...7
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Symbols and Units...9
Appendix B (informative appendix) Test data...11
Appendix C (informative appendix) Heat balance...12
Preface
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Standardization Technical Committee for Reciprocating Internal Combustion Gas Power Generation Equipment (SAC/TC372).
Drafting organizations of this standard. Henan Diesel Engine Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., CNPC Jichai Power Co., Ltd., Dalian University of Technology,
Qingdao Kaineng Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Ren Xiaohui, Liu Wenbin, Nie Zhibin, Long Wuqiang, Li Hui, Wang Ninghui, Wang Bo, Tian Hua, Yu Xiaoyan, Dong
Zhiwei, Zhu Haili, Cui Jingchen, Huang Chaowei, Liu Qinglei, Ge Jian, Meng Lianghu, Han Li, Jiao Huiying, Liang Gang, He Weiwei, Li Yongkang, Liu
Xiaoting and Niu Xiaoxiao.
This standard is issued for the first time.
introduction
There are various heat balance test methods and calculation methods that take into account the heat in thermodynamics, even if it is assumed that the same or considered
It is the same internal combustion gas generator set to test, generally will not get the same result, this is mainly because each measurement procedure is unavoidable
Random errors will occur free of ground. The factors that affect the measurement results cannot be completely controlled. Many different factors can cause the measurement
The results of the method vary, they (they) include.
a) Ambient temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, air pollution;
b) Gas composition, temperature and calorific value;
c) The time interval of different measurements;
d) Equipment used;
e) Calibration of equipment;
f) Operators, etc.
Although random errors have an impact on the test method and calculation method of the heat balance of internal combustion gas generating sets, people may not know exactly
True value, but it is possible to know an accepted reference value of the measured characteristic.
In many heat balance studies, people use enthalpy difference calculations or specific heat capacity calculations to determine heat, so that people can get
Acceptable reference values for the thermal balance measurement characteristics of internal combustion gas-fired generator sets. The measurement and calculation methods should be the same. The measurement and calculation methods should
standardization. All measurements should be carried out in accordance with prescribed standard methods, which means that there should be a written document specifying how
All links of the line measurement and calculation formula are the same.
For ease of use, the heat balance of internal combustion gas-fired generator sets specified in this standard mainly adopts the specific heat capacity calculation method.
The advantage of adopting this method is that the same or similar internal combustion gas generating set manufacturers and appraisal agencies can use this standard reasonably.
Achieve coordination.
Test method for heat balance of reciprocating internal combustion gas generating set
1 Scope
This standard specifies the heat balance test model and basic test conditions for reciprocating internal combustion gas-fired generating units (hereinafter referred to as "gas-fired units")
Pieces, test methods and calculation methods.
This standard is applicable to the heat balance test of gas-fired units using combustible gas as fuel. It is recommended that other fuels for which there is no suitable standard can be used.
The air unit uses this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2820.5-2009 Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven generator set Part 5.Generator set
GB/T 6072.3-2008 Performance of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Part 3.Test Measurement
GB/T 21404-2008 General requirements for determination and measurement methods of internal combustion engine power
GB/T 33340 Code for Safety Design of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Gas Generator Set
GB/T 33347 Gas fuel classification and component analysis method for reciprocating internal combustion gas generating sets
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Thermal balance
In determining the calibration conditions within the system and within a specified time, the energy entering the system and the energy leaving the system are usually regarded as stable in value
Balance, the fuel energy burned is equal to the sum of energy expenditures.
3.2
System
The object and boundary line of the heat balance test of the gas unit. In general, objects and substances passing through a part of the boundary line are called outside the system.
3.3
Test for thermal balance of gas generator set
In the gas-fired unit system, the distribution and use status of the burning fuel energy and energy conversion are tested and certain procedures are passed
Method, quantitative measurement and calculation analysis.
3.4
GB/T 10301-2019
Thermal efficiency of gas generator set
The gas-fired unit determines the system and the specified time within the calibration conditions, the output electric energy of the gas-fired unit accounts for the percentage of the fuel energy supplied.
3.5
High-temperature cooling water
Water used to cool the cylinder liner and (or) lubricating oil of a gas unit.
3.6
Low-temperature cooling water
Water used to cool the air and/or lubricating oil after pressurization of the gas unit.
4 Symbols and units
The symbols and units defined in GB/T 6072.3-2008 and in Appendix A apply to this standard.
For ease of use, Appendix A repeatedly lists the commonly used units and symbols in GB/T 6072.3-2008.
5 Heat balance model
5.1 The control system for the heat balance test of gas-fired units should be determined. The characteristic heat balance model of energy input and output flow is shown in Figure 1.
5.2 The input energy flow includes.
1) Heat energy of fuel;
2) The heat carried by the consumed air.
5.3 The output energy flow includes.
1) Electric energy output of gas-fired units;
2) Thermal energy of combustion exhaust gas;
3) Thermal energy of high temperature water;
4) Thermal energy of low temperature water;
5) Convection and radiation heat transferred to the surroundings.
6 Basic requirements for heat balance test
6.1 Test space
6.1.1 The gas generator set manufacturer shall have a test site that meets the local environmental protection requirements and fire safety requirements, and the occupational safety and health protection
Meet business requirements.
6.1.2 The test site is well ventilated, and has gas leakage detection and safety protection measures.
6.1.3 The safety design of gas-fired units meets the requirements of GB/T 33340.
6.1.4 According to the provisions of Table 1 in GB/T 21404-2008, the gas-fired unit shall be equipped with the necessary auxiliary devices and auxiliary equipment necessary to ensure its safe operation.
Safety protection devices, the performance indicators of each device meet the manufacturer's technical specifications for batch production.
6.1.5 The vibration and noise of the gas generating unit meet the technical conditions of the manufacturer.
6.1.6 The gas-fired unit should be run-in and tested for sufficient time, and the test load should be continuously adjustable.
6.1.7 The stability of test instruments, test equipment and system pipelines should be checked. A supply system and (or) that can ensure stable pressure should be adopted.
Voltage stabilizing device.
6.1.8 The high temperature or low temperature cooling water can be cooled either through the engine radiator or through external circulation. Loop formed by external loop
System, the pressure loss and water pump flow rate of the system are basically the same as the data of the engine's own cooling system.
6.1.9 It is advisable to install a heat exchanger on the exhaust pipe, and measure the exhaust heat energy by using the cooling water heat exchange method.
6.1.10 The fluid pipelines and (or) test equipment in the system should be insulated. After the heat preservation material is processed, the surface temperature of the exhaust pipe is not
Above 120 ℃, the surface temperature of the cooling water pipeline and (or) testing equipment should not exceed 45 ℃.
6.2 Standard reference conditions and environmental conditions
6.2.1 For ease of use, the standard reference conditions specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 21404-2008 are repeatedly listed.
6.2.2 In order to limit the uncertainty of the measurement results, the atmospheric conditions during the test should be within the following specified ranges.
1) Environmental dry gas pressure. 90 kPa≤ ≤110 kPa;
2) Absolute temperature of ambient air. 288 K≤ ≤308 K;
3) The relative humidity of the environment. 30%≤ ≤60%.
6.3 Cooling medium and fuel
6.3.1 The cooling water index used for the heat balance test of the gas-fired unit shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
6.3.2 When using cooling water that meets the requirements in Table 1, its specific heat capacity
The value of C is 4.1868 kJ/kg·K;
6.3.3 When using coolant (glycol is used as an additive to water, the specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol is 2.28 kJ/kg·K, and the density is 1.128 kg/m3)
When, formula (1) can be used to calculate its specific heat capacity.
6.3.4 When the single fuel methane CH4 is used as fuel, the low calorific value is 35906 kJ/Nm
3.The density is 0.7174 kg/Nm3.
6.3.5 When using mixed gas as fuel, calculate the low calorific value and density according to the gas fuel classification and component analysis method specified in GB/T 33347.
6.4 Installation of measuring equipment and instruments
6.4.1 Instruments should be products approved by the national metrology department and used within the validity period of the metrology department's appraisal.
6.4.2 The instrumentation should be within the specified applicable range, and the measured value should not be less than 1/3 of the measurement full scale.
6.4.3 The installation of the flowmeter used for flow measurement shall meet the requirements of its instruction manual.
6.4.4 The sensor used to measure the temperature or pressure of the fluid outside the gas unit body. The length of the straight line before and after the measuring point should be greater than twice the length of the pipeline
Diameter. When the measuring point position of the pressure sensor does not meet the requirements, a buffer tube should be installed.
6.4.5 A graphical visualized automatic collection system should be used to record the test data of the heat balance system. The visual display feature should characterize the heat balance model
Attributes, visually display device shape, visualization results, graphs and other heat balance test object information on the screen.
6.5 Accuracy of measuring equipment and instruments
6.5.1 The temperature measuring device of the gas-fired unit should meet the accuracy of 6.3.2 in GB/T 21404-2008.
6.5.2 The power measuring device of the gas-fired unit should have an accuracy of 0.2%.
6.5.3 The cooling water flow measurement device for the thermal balance test should have an accuracy of 0.5%.
6.5.4 The cooling water pressure measuring device for the heat balance test should have an accuracy of 0.2%.
6.5.5 The results of the measurement parameters meet the tolerance range given in Table 4 of GB/T 21404-2008.
7 Test method
7.1 General inspection
According to the technical documents of the gas unit manufacturer, the general inspection of the test system should at least include the following.
1) The appearance of the gas unit is clean, the fixing parts are fastened without looseness, and there is no leakage of water, oil or gas.
2) The gas generator set is reliably connected with the external circulation system, exhaust pipe, etc.
3) Test equipment, meters, and instruments are working normally and operating well.
4) The gas generator set is reliably connected with test equipment and test instruments.
5) The performance indicators of the gas-fired unit should meet the requirements of the manufacturer, and the manufacturing and assembly records should be complete.
7.2 Basic steps
In order to ensure consistency with the specification, the gas-fired unit manufacturer should follow the following test procedures.
1) Determine the model and rated parameters of the gas unit participating in the heat balance test.
2) Establish a heat balance model and determine the control system for the heat balance test.
3) Obtain fuel low calorific value and composition data.
4) Measure gas consumption and output power according to the load point.
5) Take one or more measuring points to measure the ambient temperature, combustion exhaust temperature, temperature and flow rate of cooling water entering and exiting.
6) Calculate thermal efficiency and thermal balance based on test data.
7.3 Test method
7.3.1 Within the environmental conditions specified in 6.2.2, the gas-fired unit is started and adjusted to the rated frequency to ensure that the frequency is stable as required
In the steady-state frequency band, perform a thermal balance test.
7.3.2 Gradually increase the load of the unit to reach 100% rated power, and determine the operating parameters of the thermal balance test control system. When high temperature water and low temperature
When the fluctuation rate of the temperature difference between water inlet and outlet water should be less than 0.1 ℃/min, the engine is considered to be in thermal equilibrium.
7.3.3 Measure at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% stable conditions respectively, and ensure the monotonicity of load increase or decrease.
7.3.4 For the gas-fired unit, under the stable working conditions specified in 7.3.3, continuously measure the operating parameters of the heat balance test control system for three times, each time
The measurement time is not less than 5 min.
7.3.5 A flow meter should be installed before the air-fuel ratio control system to measure the amount of fuel consumed.
7.3.6 According to the design features of the gas engine, measure the flow of high temperature cooling water and low temperature cooling water at the cooling water inlet or outlet. cold
The flow velocity of the cooling water ranges from 1.5 m/s to 3 m/s, and the circulating water velocity by gravity is not more than 0.6 m/s.
7.3.7 Adjust the flow and flow rate of the heat exchanger on the exhaust pipe to keep the temperature of the exhaust leaving the heat exchanger not greater than 90 ℃.
7.3.8 A platinum resistance (PT100 or PT1000) temperature sensor should be used to measure the temperature of high temperature cooling water and low temperature cooling water.
7.3.9 A thermocouple temperature sensor with K graduation should be used to measure the exhaust temperature.
7.3.10 After the measurement, calculate the thermal energy according to the calculation method given in Chapter 8, and enter the calculation result into the corresponding test report. For the test report, see
Appendix B and Appendix C.
8 Calculation method
8.1 Heat balance of gas unit
8.1.1 In the heat balance system of a gas-fired unit, the fuel energy input is equal to the sum of various energy output.
8.1.2 The stable heat balance equation uses formula (2) to express the relationship between the various energies.
8.2 Fuel heat
The input fuel thermal energy (Q) is calculated by formula (3) and formula (4).
8.3 Air quality consumed by combustion
The air mass flow rate () is calculated by formula (5).
8.4 Enthalpy of combustion exhaust
8.5 Enthalpy of air required for combustion
8.6 Heat energy of exhaust
The heat energy of exhaust gas is calculated by formula (10).
8.7 Heat energy of high temperature cooling water
8.8 Thermal energy of low temperature cooling water
8.9 Convection and radiant heat
8.10 Thermal efficiency
AA
Appendix A
(Normative appendix)
Symbols and units
Common symbols and units are shown in Table A.1.
BB
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
Test Data
The heat balance test data report of the reciprocating internal combustion gas generator set is shown in Table B.1, Table B.2, and Table B.3.
Table B.1 Basic information of reciprocating internal combustion gas generating sets
Table B.3 Test data and calculation
CD
Appendix C
(Informative appendix)
Thermal equilibrium
The heat balance energy balance test report of the reciprocating internal combustion gas generator set is shown in Table C.1.
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