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HJ 876-2017: Technical regulation of investigation on children soil ingestion rate Tracer element method
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Technical regulation of investigation on children soil ingestion rate Tracer element method
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HJ 876-2017
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Standard similar to HJ 876-2017 HJ 870 HJ 662 HJ 298 HJ 950 HJ 874 Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 876-2017 (HJ876-2017) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical regulation of investigation on children soil ingestion rate Tracer element method | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z13 | | Word Count Estimation | 12,129 | | Date of Issue | 2017-11-28 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-11-28 | | Regulation (derived from) | MEP Announcement 2017 No. 60 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | HJ 876-2017: Technical regulation of investigation on children soil ingestion rate Tracer element method
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(Children's soil intake survey technical specifications trace element method)
People's Republic of China national environmental protection standards
Technical Specification for Soil Survey of Children
Tracer element method
Technical regulation of investigation on children's soil ingestion rate
Tracer element method
2017-11-28 Posted
2017-11-28 Implementation
Ministry of Environmental Protection released
Directory
Foreword ..ii
1 scope of application .1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions
4 working procedures .2
5 Investigation Preparation .2
6 Field Survey .4
7 laboratory testing .5
8 Children's soil intake 7
9 Quality Control and Quality Evaluation .8
Foreword
In order to carry out the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, promote environmental health risk management, standardize the investigation of children's soil intake,
Develop this standard.
This standard specifies the work procedures, survey content, survey methods and technical requirements of children's soil intake survey.
This standard is released for the first time.
This standard is formulated by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science and Technology Standards Division.
This standard is mainly drafted by. Beijing Normal University, China Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Disease Prevention and Control
Center for Environment and Health Related Product Safety, Beijing University of Science and Technology.
This standard was approved by the MEP on November 28,.2017.
This standard shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation.
This standard is responsible for the interpretation of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Children's soil intake survey technical specifications trace element method
1 scope of application
This standard specifies the work procedures, survey content, survey methods and technical requirements of children's soil intake survey.
This standard applies to aluminum, cerium, scandium, vanadium and yttrium as trace elements, tracer element method for people aged 3 to 17 years of soil uptake
Survey.
2 Normative references
This standard references the following documents in the terms. For undated references, valid versions (including amendments) apply
This standard.
National food safety standards - Determination of multi - elements in foods
GB/T 4883 statistical data processing and interpretation of normal sample outliers to determine and deal with
GB/T 8170 rounded repair rules and limit values of the representation and judgment
HJ 25.2 Technical Guidelines for Site Environmental Monitoring
HJ 700 Water quality - Determination of 65 elements - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
HJ 776 Water quality - Determination of 32 elements - Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
HJ 803 Determination of 12 metal elements in soil and sediments Aqua regia - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
HJ 839 Environmental and Health Site Survey Technical Specifications Cross-sectional survey
HJ 877 Exposure Parameter Investigation Technical Specifications
HJ/T 166 Soil Environmental Monitoring Technical Specifications
Guidelines for collection and handling of WS/T 348 urine specimens
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Soil ingestion rate
Refers to the unit of time unconsciously or consciously ingested soil quality.
3.2
Tracer element method
Refers to the analysis of children's exposure to the soil trace element concentration, excreted urine quality of children, the quality of food intake and excrement and
The concentration of tracer elements in foods, and the method of quantifying children's soil intake.
3.3
Tracer element tracer element
Refers to the body is not metabolized or absorbed and the content of food and soil content ratio is low, used to track the elements of the process of running and changing elements.
3.4
Duplicate plate method
Means to collect the survey of all food intake during the survey method. Prepare two copies of the same food, one for the respondent to eat, and the other
One is mixed into one equal quality food sample and weighed for laboratory testing.
3.5
Gastrointestinal transit time
Also referred to as stool lag time, refers to the intake of (food, soil, etc.) from the intake of human body time to excreted in vitro form of the time
time.
4 working procedures
Children's soil intake survey includes survey preparation, on-site investigation, laboratory tests, children's soil intake estimation and quality control and quality
Quantitative evaluation of five parts, working procedures shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 working procedures
5 investigation preparation
5.1 Data Collection
a) The population, age structure and age structure of the 3-17-year-old population living in the survey area (living in the survey area for 6 months and above) and
gather information
Sample Collection
Soil samples
Sample preparation laboratory material preparation
Sample digestion
Instrumental Analysis
Estimation of soil intake for children
Calculation of soil individual intake of children
data processing
Prepare sampling material to determine the child population survey
Food Sample Stool Sample Urine Sample
Sample site preservation and processing
Sample transport
On-site training
Distribution.
b) The number and location of kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, and the number and distribution of pupils in the surveyed area should be collected.
c) The distribution, area and types of outdoor activities of 3-17-year-olds in the surveyed area should be collected (such as soil surface, cement ground,
Plastic floor, etc.).
5.2 population sampling
5.2.1 Stratification factors
Stratification factors should be selected in combination with the socio-demographic characteristics and geographical conditions that affect the level of soil intake, such as urban and rural areas, gender, age
Paragraph and so on.
5.2.2 Sample size estimation
a) The minimum sample size
The minimum sample size is calculated according to formula (1).
(1)
Where. n - the minimum sample size per layer;
The corresponding standard normal difference for α/2-significant level of 95%, taken as 1.96;
- The standard deviation of children's soil intake can be obtained through literature review or pre-investigation;
δ - allowable error, generally take 20%;
- The arithmetic mean of children's soil intake can be obtained by consulting the literature or conducting a pre-survey;
deff-- design effect value, generally take 1.0 ~ 2.0, simple random sampling 1.0, other sampling methods to take 1.0 ~ 2.0.
b) The total sample size
The total sample size is calculated according to formula (2).
nq
(2)
Where. N-- total sample size;
p - loss rate, take 10 to 20%;
n - the minimum sample size per layer
q - the product of stratification. Combined with the main factors affecting children's soil intake, such as urban and rural areas can be divided into two samples,
By gender can be divided into two samples, the product of the stratification factor is 2 × 2 = 4 layers.
5.2.3 sampling method
According to the actual situation, we can use simple random sampling, systematic sampling, cluster sampling and stratified sampling in one or several combinations
Perform population sampling.
5.3 Informed consent
Involving human investigation should be consistent with "people involved in biomedical research ethics audit approach" (Health and Family Planning Commission.2016 Decree No. 11) Yes
The relevant provisions of the child guardian signed informed consent.
5.4 Sampling Materials
a) Soil. Soil sampling materials are prepared in accordance with HJ/T 166; hardened ground soil sampling materials are prepared in accordance with HJ 839 requirements.
b) Food. prepare plastic boxes and labels with a sealing capacity of not less than 2L.
c) Urine. Urine samples should be prepared in accordance with WS/T 348, and the urine collection container should have a volume of not less than 3 L.
d) Excrement. Prepare a medical portable excrement collector with a collecting bag of a size matching the excrement collector at a concentration of 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid,
Tags and so on.
6 site survey
6.1 Sampling period
a) Food and urine collection should begin at 06.00 with a continuous sampling time of not less than 3 days (72 h) and at least 1 rest day
(Saturday or Sunday).
b) Stool collection should begin at 06.00 on the next day of food and urine sampling and continue sampling within 28 h after the sampling of food and urine has ended
Stool samples.
c) According to the HJ 877 "Logging Law" the relevant requirements, the survey should be recorded during the sampling period activities in a variety of outdoor venues
Starting and ending time.
6.2 soil sampling sites
6.2.1 Distribution principles
Each activity area shall be regarded as a monitoring unit according to the outdoor activity area of the surveyed students in the school, family and so on. In each monitoring area,
Measuring unit within the sampling point.
6.2.2 The number of points
According to the requirements of HJ/T 166 number of clothings, no less than 3 sampling points shall be laid out in each monitoring unit, using diagonal method, plum blossom method,
Snake-like or checkerboard methods such as any one way to collect mixed samples.
6.3 Sample Collection
6.3.1 Soil
a) For soil soils, topsoil samples of depth 0 to 5 cm above the surface are collected according to HJ/T 166 requirements.
b) For hardened floors, surface soils are harvested using the portable vacuum cleaner method and scraping method according to HJ 839 requirements.
c) Sample Storage and Transportation Follow HJ/T 166 requirements.
6.3.2 Food
a) Double meals were collected to collect all the food ingested by the respondents in the sampling period. If the children took the medicines during the survey, nutrition
Products, etc., should be collected the same amount of samples.
b) Perishable food should be kept refrigerated.
c) In accordance with the requirements of GB 5009.268, every 24 h of food (excluding individually packaged foods such as yogurt, beverages, bagged snacks, etc.)
Break into homogenate, weigh, and leave no less than 100 g (weigh to the nearest 0.01 g) as the sample to be prepared.
d) Samples should be refrigerated or cryopreserved and shipped to the laboratory within 1 week.
6.3.3 urine
a) All urine excreted by the respondent during the sampling period should be collected.
b) urine mixed every 24 h, measuring the volume should be taken not less than 100 mL as the sample to be prepared.
c) Storage and transportation of samples Refer to WS/T 348 for implementation.
6.3.4 excrement
a) All excretions excreted by the respondent during the sampling period should be collected. After each collection of faeces in the feces collection bag, 2 mL conc. Should be added
Hydrochloric acid with a degree of 6 mol/L was sealed and the bag was sealed, weighed using an analytical balance (weighed to the nearest 0.1 g) and the stool mass was recorded.
b) Mix and weigh the stool every 24 hours, and weigh not less than 50g (weighing to the nearest 0.01g) as samples to be prepared.
c) Samples should be refrigerated or cryopreserved and shipped to the laboratory within 1 week.
7 laboratory testing
7.1 Soil
7.1.1 Sample preparation
a) Preparation of soil samples Performed according to HJ/T 166. Rough samples should be passed through a 0.25 mm (60 mesh) nylon mesh with fine grinding
Samples should be ground to a full 0.15 mm (100 mesh) nylon sieve and specimens of not less than 10 g should be retained.
b) Digestion of soil samples as required by HJ/T 166.
7.1.2 Sample Analysis
According to the method specified in HJ 776, analyze the trace element aluminum concentration in the sample; analyze the sample in accordance with the method specified in HJ 700
Elements of cerium, scandium, vanadium, yttrium concentration. Calculate the trace element concentration in soil samples according to formula (3).
0 (-) 10C CV fCS
WS
(3)
Where. CS-- soil trace element concentration in the sample, mg/kg;
C-- calculated from the standard curve of the sample trace element mass concentration, g/L;
C0-- laboratory blank sample corresponding trace element mass concentration, g/L;
V-- sample volume after digestion volume, mL;
f - dilution of the sample;
WS - weighed soil sample dry weight, g.
7.2 food
7.2.1 Sample preparation
a) Weigh 10 g of food homogenized sample in a petri dish, place it in an oven at 60 ° C. and dry until constant weight, and store in a desiccator.
b) digestion of food samples in accordance with the requirements of GB 5009.268 in the implementation of digestion can be dried or homogenized samples, individually wrapped food can be
Digestion alone.
7.2.2 Sample Analysis
According to the method specified in GB 5009.268, the trace elements aluminum, cerium, scandium, vanadium and yttrium in the sample were analyzed. According to formula (4)
Calculate the trace element concentration in food samples.
0 () 10C CV fCFD
WFD
(4)
Where. CFD - trace element concentration in food samples, mg/kg;
C-- calculated from the standard curve of the sample trace element mass concentration, g/L;
C0-- laboratory blank sample corresponding trace element mass concentration, g/L;
V-- sample volume after digestion volume, mL;
f - dilution of the sample;
WFD - weighed food sample dry weight, g.
7.3 urine
7.3.1 Sample preparation
Urine digestion in accordance with the requirements of GB 5009.268 implementation.
7.3.2 Sample Analysis
The trace elements aluminum, cerium, scandium, vanadium and yttrium in the sample were analyzed according to the method specified in HJ 700. Urine is calculated according to formula (5)
Trace element concentration in the sample.
0CU CC f (5)
Where. CU - urine sample trace element concentration, g/L.
C-- calculated from the standard curve of the sample trace element mass concentration, g/L;
C0-- laboratory blank sample corresponding trace element mass concentration, g/L;
f - dilution of the sample.
7.4 stool
7.4.1 Sample preparation
a) Transfer the stool sample from the sampling bag to a pre-weighed Petri dish, flush the sampling bag twice with deionized water in the wash bottle, and
Transfer wash water to the same dish.
b) Place the dish in an oven at 60 ° C and dry to constant weight.
c) Grind and mix with an agate mortar and store in a desiccator for later use.
d) Decontamination of stool samples is the same as the digestion of soil samples and is performed according to HJ/T 166.
7.4.2 Sample Analysis
The trace elements aluminum, cerium, scandium, vanadium and yttrium in the sample were analyzed according to the method specified in HJ 700. Calculate stool according to formula (6)
Trace element concentration in the sample.
0 () 10C CV fCF
WF
(6)
Where. CF - stool sample trace element concentration, mg/kg;
C-- calculated from the standard curve of the sample trace element mass concentration, g/L;
C0-- laboratory blank sample corresponding trace element mass concentration, g/L;
V-- sample volume after digestion volume, mL;
f - dilution of the sample;
WF - weighed stool sample dry weight, g.
8 children's soil intake
8.1 Individual soil intake calculation
a) Calculation of the time weighted concentration of tracer elements in the soil. Based on the location of each survey subject's activity and at each location
Time, according to the formula (7) Calculate the time weight concentration of tracer elements in soil contacted by each surveyed object;
b) Calculation of individual soil intake. According to formula (8), five tracer elements of aluminum, cerium, scandium, vanadium and yttrium shall be used to calculate each person
The daily intake of soil (24 h), in ascending order or descending order, takes the median as the soil for the survey
The intake, the median of soil intake per respondent, can correspond to different trace elements.
1 1 2 2 1 2 ()/() mm mWACS CS t CS t CS tttt (7)
(8)
Where. WACS - children's outdoor activities in the soil trace elements in the time weight concentration, mg/kg;
CSm - trace element concentration in soil in the mth outdoor activity area of children, mg/kg;
tm - children in the m-th outdoor activity area activity time, h;
SIR - children's soil intake, mg/d;
CF - Trace element concentration in child droppings, mg/kg;
TWF - total dry weight of children's droppings, g;
CU - child urine trace element concentration, g/L;
TVU - total volume of children's urine, L;
CFD - trace element concentration in children's food, mg/kg;
TWFD - total dry food for children, g;
TF - conversion factor, 103 mg/kg
t - survey duration, d.
8.2 population soil intake
8.2.1 Data Processing
a) The median of individual soil intake calculated using five tracer elements of aluminum, cerium, scandium, vanadium and yttrium, respectively, was used as the survey
Target soil intake, and then statistical survey population soil intake.
b) Negative value is removed. Children's soil intake should not be negative, the calculated soil survey respondents should be negative from the sample
Remove.
c) Processing outliers. Outlier means that one or more observations in the sample are further away from other observations. When the sample data obeys normality
Distribution, in accordance with GB/T 4883 requirements, identify outliers; when the sample data does not obey normal distribution, less than P25-1.5 (P75-P25)
Or greater than P75 1.5 (P75-P25) is the outlier value. Statistical population survey population percentage values should not be ticked out of the outliers, the system
Outliers should be excluded from the survey of population trend of soil intake.
d) repair value based on GB/T 8170 requirements.
8.2.2 Expression of results
The population soil intake is based on the central trend, the discrete trend and the percentile value.
a) Center trend value. When the population of soil in the surveyed population was normal distribution, the arithmetic average was taken as the central tendency value; the logarithmic normality
When the cloth, the use of geometric mean central tendency; non-normal distribution and non-lognormal distribution, the median for the central tendency.
b) discrete trend value. When the population of soil in the surveyed population is normal distribution, the standard deviation is the discrete trend value; for non-normal distribution,
The quartile spacing is the discrete trend value.
c) percentile value. At least statistics P5, P25, P50, P75, P95 parameter values.
9 quality control and quality evaluation
9.1 Quality Control
9.1.1 Preparation phase
a) The sampling materials and tools should be cleaned according to the relevant standards.
b) Investigators should conduct sample collection, on-site processing and preservation, sample records and other methods of training.
c) The respondents should be trained, including guidance on the collection of food and stool samples, and informing the respondents of the inappropriateness of the survey period
Eat nutritious products, brush your teeth to avoid toothpaste swallowed, to maintain daily life style.
9.1.2 Investigation phase
a) Sample collection, storage, transportation, handover and other processes should establish a complete management process.
b) Sample distribution, collection, storage, transportation should be strictly in accordance with relevant technical regulations.
b) According to HJ 25.2 requirements, the same kind of sampling medium, should be collected at least one sample acquisition parallel samples.
9.1.3 Detection phase
a) Sample preparation and testing should be strictly in accordance with relevant technical regulations.
b) According to HJ 803 requirements, each batch of samples should be at least two laboratory blank samples, at least 10% of the proportion of parallel double-like
Assay, analyze at least 10% spiked sample.
9.2 Quality Evaluation
a) Preparation stage. The investigators should conduct business training and assessment, and those who passed the examination should be able to participate in the investigation. The crowd sampling plan should work through
Expert testimony.
b) Investigation phase. The implementation of the survey technical requirements and programs should be verified, including the representation of the points, the integrity of diaries, the sample
Collection integrity, sample handling and preservation of normative. The relative deviation of the results of parallel sampling should be less than 30%.
c) Test phase. the blank test results should be lower than the lower limit of determination, the relative deviation of the parallel test results should be less than 30%
Recovery sample recovery results should be controlled at 70 ~ 125%.
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