HJ 2029-2013_English: PDF (HJ2029-2013)
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Technical specifications for hospital sewage treatment
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HJ 2029-2013
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| Standard ID | HJ 2029-2013 (HJ2029-2013) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical specifications for hospital sewage treatment | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Word Count Estimation | 20,256 | | Quoted Standard | GB 3096; GB 3838; GB 12348; GB 18466; GB 16297; GB 14554; GB 50014; GB 50015; GB 50016; GB 50052; GB 50054; GB 500194; GB 50303; GB 11984; GBJ 22; GBJ 87; JGJ 49 -1988; CECS 07-2004; CECS 97-1997; CJ/T 109-2007; HJ/T 91; HJ/T 96; HJ/T 101; HJ/T 177-2005; | | Drafting Organization | Beijing Academy of Environmental Sciences | | Regulation (derived from) | ?Ministry of Environmental Protection Announcement 2013 No. 18 | | Summary | This standard specifies the general requirements of hospital sewage treatment works, process and technical parameters, equipment and materials, detection and process control, auxiliary facilities design, labor safety and occupational health, construction |
HJ 2029-2013
Technical specifications for hospital sewage treatment
National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic
Hospital sewage treatment engineering technical specifications
Published on.2013-3-29
2013-7-1 implementation
Ministry of Environmental Protection released
Content
Foreword.I
1 Scope..1
2 Normative references..1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Design water quantity and design water quality 3
5 General requirements..4
6 Process Design..5
7 Main process equipment and materials.11
8 Detection and process control 12
9 Auxiliary Facilities Design..12
10 Labor Safety and Occupational Health 13
11 Construction and acceptance 14
12 Operation and maintenance 15
Appendix A Comparison of Common Disinfection Methods.17
Foreword
To implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, and the People's Republic of China
The Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases of the State, standardizing the design, construction and operation management of hospital sewage treatment projects to prevent hospital sewage from polluting the environment,
This standard is formulated to prevent the spread of disease and to protect human health.
This standard specifies the general requirements, process and technical parameters, equipment and materials, testing and process of hospital sewage treatment projects.
Technical requirements for control, auxiliary facility design, labor safety and occupational hygiene, construction and acceptance, operation and maintenance.
This standard is a guidance document.
This standard is the first release.
This standard was formulated by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
This standard was drafted. Beijing Municipal Academy of Environmental Sciences.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on March 29,.2013.
This standard has been implemented since July 1,.2013.
This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Hospital sewage treatment engineering technical specifications
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the general requirements, process and technical parameters, equipment and materials, testing and process of hospital sewage treatment projects.
Technical requirements for control, auxiliary facility design, labor safety and occupational hygiene, construction and acceptance, operation and maintenance.
This standard applies to hospital sewage treatment projects, can be used as hospital sewage treatment engineering feasibility study, design, construction, acceptance, operation management
The technical basis for the environmental impact assessment of hospitals. Sewage treatment projects in other medical institutions such as nursing homes, rehabilitation hospitals and veterinary hospitals
Refer to the implementation.
2 Normative references
The contents of this standard refer to the terms in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version applies to this standard.
GB 3096 Acoustic Environmental Quality Standard
GB 3838 Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard
GB 12348 Environmental noise emission standards for industrial enterprises
GB 18466 Water pollutant discharge standards for medical institutions
GB 16297 Integrated emission standards for atmospheric pollutants
GB 14554 Odor Pollutant Discharge Standard
GB 50014 Outdoor Drainage Design Code
GB 50015 Building Water Supply and Drainage Design Code
GB 50016 Building Design Fire Code
GB 50052 design specification for power distribution system
GB 50054 Low Voltage Distribution Design Specification
GB 50194 Construction site safety requirements for construction and supply of electricity
GB 50303 Building electrical engineering quality acceptance specification
GB 11984 Chlorine Gas Safety Regulations
GB J22 factory mine road design specification
GB J87 industrial enterprise noise control design specification
JGJ49-88 General Hospital Building Design Code
CECS07.2004 Hospital Wastewater Treatment Design Code
CECS97.97 design rules for blast aeration systems
CJ/T 109-2000 People's Republic of China Urban Construction Industry Standard - Submersible Mixer
HJ/T 91 Surface Water and Wastewater Monitoring Technical Specifications
HJ/T 96 pH water quality automatic analyzer technical requirements
HJ/T 101 Ammonia Nitrogen Water Quality Analyzer Technical Requirements
HJ/T 177-2005 Technical Specifications for Construction of Centralized Incineration Disposal of Medical Waste
HJ/T 212 pollution source online automatic monitoring (monitoring) system data transmission standard
HJ/T 245 Environmental Protection Products Technical Requirements Hanging Packing
HJ/T 246 Environmental Protection Products Technical Requirements Suspended Packing
HJ/T 250 Environmental Protection Products Technical Requirements Rotary Fine Grille
HJ/T 251 environmental protection product technical requirements Roots blower
HJ/T 252 environmental protection product technical requirements, microporous aerator
HJ/T 262 environmental protection product technical requirements grille decontamination machine
HJ/T 263 Environmental Protection Product Technical Requirements Jet Aerator
HJ/T 276-2006 Technical Specifications for High Temperature Steam Centralized Treatment of Medical Waste (Trial)
HJ/T 281 environmental protection product technical requirements diffuser aerator
HJ/T 335 environmental protection product technical requirements sludge concentration belt dewatering machine
HJ/T 336 Environmental Protection Product Technical Requirements Submersible Sewage Pump
HJ/T 337 Environmental Protection Products Technical Requirements Biological Contact Oxidation Complete Set
HJ/T 353 Water Pollution Source Online Monitoring System Installation Technical Specification (Trial)
HJ/T 354 water pollution source online monitoring system acceptance technical specification
Technical specification for operation and assessment of HJ/T 355 water pollution source online monitoring system
HJ/T 367 environmental protection product technical requirements electromagnetic pipeline flowmeter
HJ/T 369 Environmental Protection Product Technical Requirements Dosing Device for Water Treatment
HJ/T 377 Environmental Protection Products Technical Requirements Chemical Oxygen Demand (CODCr) Water Quality Online Automatic Monitor
HJ .2006-2010 Technical Specifications for Sewage Coagulation and Flocculation Treatment Engineering
HJ 579-2010 Membrane Biological Wastewater Treatment Engineering Technical Specification
Regulations on Environmental Protection Management of Construction Projects State Council Order No. 253
Medical Waste Management Regulations State Council Order No. 380
Technical Regulations for Centralized Disposal of Medical Wastes [2003] No. 206
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1 hospital sewage hospital sewage
Refers to hospital outpatients, wards, operating rooms, various examination rooms, pathological anatomy rooms, radiology rooms, laundry rooms, mortuaries, etc.
Diagnosis, living and fecal sewage. When the drainage of office, canteen, dormitory, etc. is mixed with the above sewage, it is also regarded as hospital sewage.
3.2 infectious disease hospital sewage infectious hospital sewage
Refers to the diagnosis, treatment, living and fecal sewage discharged from infectious disease specialist hospitals and general hospital infectious wards.
3.3 Non-infectious disease hospital sewage non infective hospital sewage
Refers to the diagnosis, treatment, living and fecal sewage discharged from various non-communicable disease specialist hospitals and general hospitals except infectious wards.
3.4 special nature hospital sewage special hospital sewage
Refers to a small amount of special-purpose sewage generated by the hospital inspection, analysis and treatment process, mainly including acidic sewage, cyanide-containing sewage, and heavy
Metal sewage, printing wastewater, radioactive sewage, etc.
4 Contaminants and pollution loads
4.1 Collection of hospital sewage
4.1.1 Hospital sewage is divided into sewage from infectious disease hospitals, sewage from non-infectious diseases hospitals and sewage of special nature.
4.1.2 New (reconstruction, expansion) hospitals should consider hospital wards, non-disease areas, infectious wards, non-design when designing hospital sewage treatment systems
Sewage in infectious wards is collected separately.
4.1.3 Special characteristics of sewage should be collected separately, and treated with hospital sewage after pretreatment, special sewage should not be discharged into the place.
Waterway.
4.2 Pollution load
4.2.1 The design of hospital sewage treatment engineering should adopt the actual detection method to determine the pollution load of hospital sewage. Hospital sewage discharge and water
The quality sampling test shall comply with the technical requirements of HJ/T 91.
4.2.2 When there is no measured data, the designed water volume and design water quality of the hospital sewage treatment project can be compared with the emissions of hospitals of the same size and nature.
Data can also be calculated based on empirical methods or data.
(1) Determine the amount of sewage treatment design water according to the amount of water used
The designed water volume of the new hospital sewage treatment project can be determined according to the total water use of the hospital from 85% to 95%. The total amount of water used in the hospital can be
GB 50015 Hospital designated household water quota and hourly coefficient of change. The formula for calculating the water volume of hospital sewage treatment engineering is as follows.
( ) 31 1 Z1 2 2 2 qq q0.85 ~ 0.95
ZN KN KQ = (1)
among them.
-- The highest daily sewage volume in the hospital, m3/s.
Q1 -- The maximum daily water quota for the inpatient department, L/person·d.
Q2 -- The maximum daily water quota for the outpatient department, L/person·d.
Q3 -- Unforeseen water volume, L/s.
N1, N2 -- The number of people in the inpatient department and outpatient department.
Kz1, Kz2 - hour change coefficient.
(2) Determine the amount of sewage treatment design water according to the daily average sewage volume and coefficient of variation
The design water quantity of the new hospital sewage treatment system can also be calculated according to the daily average sewage volume and the daily variation coefficient empirical data.
under.
D86400
q KNQ = (2)
among them.
q -- Hospital daily average unit bed sewage discharge, L/bed · d.
N -- The number of beds in the hospital.
Kd - the daily variation coefficient of sewage. The value of Kd is determined by the number of hospital beds.
a) large well-equipped large hospital with N≥500 beds, q=400 L/bed·d～600L/bed·d, Kd=2.0～2.2;
b) medium-sized hospital with general equipment of 100 beds < N ≤ 499 beds, q = 300 L/bed · d ~ 400 L/bed · d, Kd = 2.2 ~ 2.5;
c) Small hospital with N < 100 beds, q = 250 L/bed · d ~ 300 L/bed · d, Kd = 2.5.
(3) Refer to the empirical data in Table 1 for designing water quality.
Table 1 Reference data of hospital sewage quality indicators. mg/L
Indicator CODCr BOD5 SS NH3-N fecal E. coli (pieces/L)
Contaminant concentration range 150～300 80～150 40～120 10～50 1.0×106~3.0×108
Average 250 100 80 30 1.6×108
4.2.3 For hospitals with special water demand, the discharge of sewage can be appropriately increased according to the special water demand.
4.2.4 The design of the sewage treatment project of the hospital should have a design margin on the basis of actual measurement or measurement, and the design margin should be measured or measured.
10%~20% of the calculated value.
5 General requirements
5.1 General provisions
5.1.1 The design of hospital sewage treatment engineering should follow the following principles.
(1) Whole process control, reduction principle;
(2) Classification and collection, quality treatment, and the principle of local compliance;
(3) Risk control, the principle of harmlessness.
5.1.2 The scale of construction of hospital sewage treatment projects should consider the overall planning of hospital development, and the combination of near and long-term, mainly in the near future.
5.1.3 The hospital sewage treatment project should adopt mature and reliable technology, technology and equipment.
5.1.4 Hospital sewage treatment structures should be designed in parallel according to two groups.
5.1.5 Drainage of hospital sewage treatment works should be carried out by gravity flow, and if necessary, a drainage pumping station can be set up.
5.1.6 Hospital sewage treatment structures shall adopt technical measures such as anti-corrosion, anti-leakage and anti-freezing, and various structures shall be sealed and sealed.
Ventilation device.
5.1.7 Venting facilities should be considered for the treatment of structures.
5.1.8 Pollutant discharge from hospital sewage treatment projects should meet the relevant requirements of GB 18466 and local pollutant discharge standards.
5.1.9 The stacking of sludge and waste generated from the sewage treatment process of hospitals shall comply with the Technical Specifications for Centralized Disposal of Medical Wastes.
HJ/T 177-2005 and HJ/T 276-2006. The exudate and leachate should be collected and returned to the conditioning tank.
5.1.10 Hospital sewage treatment project adopts low-noise equipment and sound-proof control measures, supplemented by noise reduction, vibration isolation, sound absorption, etc.
Comprehensive noise control measures. The noise at the site of the hospital sewage treatment project shall comply with the provisions of GB 3096 and GB 12348, and the interior of the building
The noise source control of the facility shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB J87.
5.1.11 The environment in the hospital sewage treatment project site should be kept clean and tidy, no sludge and debris spilled, sewage cross-flow and other messy phenomena should be maintained.
Fly, anti-mosquito and rodent control measures are clean, tidy and civilized.
5.2 Engineering composition
5.2.1 Hospital sewage treatment works generally consist of main works, supporting and auxiliary works.
5.2.2 The main works mainly include hospital sewage treatment systems, sludge treatment systems, and exhaust gas treatment systems. Hospital sewage treatment system master
It should include units such as pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, advanced treatment, and disinfection treatment.
5.2.3 Supporting and auxiliary works mainly include electrical and automatic control, water supply and drainage, fire protection, heating and ventilation, roads and greening.
5.3 Site selection and general layout
5.3.1 The site selection and general layout of the hospital sewage treatment project shall be based on the overall planning of the hospital, the location of the sewage discharge port, and the environmental sanitation requirements.
Wind direction, engineering geology, maintenance management and transportation are determined.
5.3.2 The location of the hospital sewage treatment structure should be located in the downwind direction of the main summer wind direction of the main building of the hospital.
5.3.3 In the design of hospital sewage treatment projects, appropriate space should be reserved according to the overall plan for the expansion, construction, operation and maintenance.
5.3.4 Hospital sewage treatment projects should have convenient transportation, transportation and hydropower conditions to facilitate sewage discharge and sludge storage and transportation.
5.3.5 Infectious disease hospital sewage treatment project, its production management buildings and living facilities should be arranged in a centralized manner, and the location and orientation should be reasonable.
It should be strictly isolated from the sewage treatment structure and buildings.
5.3.6 Greenbelt protective belts or isolation belts should be provided between hospital sewage treatment works and buildings such as wards and residential areas to reduce odor and noise.
Interference with patients or residents.
6 Process design
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Special characteristics Sewage should be pretreated and then enter the hospital sewage treatment system.
6.1.2 Infectious disease hospital sewage should be treated with secondary treatment disinfection process or secondary treatment deep disinfection process after pre-disinfection.
6.1.3 Non-infectious disease hospital sewage, if the treated water is discharged directly or indirectly into surface water bodies or sea areas, the secondary treatment disinfectant shall be used.
Art or secondary treatment to deepen the disinfection process; if the treated effluent is discharged into the terminal, the city with a normal operation of the secondary sewage treatment plant has been built.
When the sewage pipe network is used, the first-stage strengthening treatment disinfection process can be adopted.
6.2 Process
6.2.1 The hospital's sewage treatment technology route should be reasonably determined according to the nature, scale and discharge of the hospital, taking into account local conditions.
6.2.2 Process flow.
(1) The sewage discharged into the non-infectious disease hospital of the urban sewage pipe network (the terminal has already established a normal operation secondary sewage treatment plant),
A first-stage strengthening treatment process can be used, and the process flow is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Process for the first-stage intensive treatment of sewage in non-infectious disease hospitals
Disinfecting urban sewage pipe network septic tank grill adjustment tank coagulation sedimentation
Sludge tank sludge treatment system
Non-infectious disease hospital sewage non-infectious disease hospital sewage
(2) Sewage from non-infectious disease hospitals discharged directly or indirectly into surface water bodies, sea areas or effluent, generally using secondary
Treatment (deepening treatment) Disinfection process. The process is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Non-infectious disease hospital sewage treatment process
(3) Infectious disease hospital sewage, generally adopts pre-disinfection secondary treatment (deep treatment) disinfection process. The process flow is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Infectious disease hospital sewage treatment process
6.3 Technical requirements for process design of hospital sewage treatment unit
6.3.1 Pretreatment process
The hospital sewage pretreatment system is divided into special nature sewage pretreatment and conventional pretreatment. Conventional pretreatment is usually done by grilling, pre-sterilization
Pools, adjustment tanks, dechlorination tanks, primary sedimentation tanks, etc. are combined according to water quality and treatment requirements.
6.3.1.1 Special properties of wastewater pretreatment
Sewage of special nature shall be collected separately, and after sufficient quantity, it shall be separately pretreated and discharged into the hospital sewage treatment system. The preprocessing methods are.
Non-infectious disease hospital sewage grid regulating pool hydrolysis tank/primary sedimentation tank
Biochemistry
Reaction cell
Second settling pool
Disinfection tank
Compliance or discharge
Concentrated sludge, dewatered excess sludge
Sludge disposal
Advanced processing
Infectious disease hospital sewage grid pre-disinfection pool dechlorination tank adjustment pool hydrolysis pool/primary sedimentation tank biochemical reaction pool
Second settling pool
Disinfection tank
Discharge
Concentrated sludge, dewatered excess sludge
Sludge disposal
Advanced processing
(1) Acidic sewage comes from the hospital for testing or making chemical cleaning agents using acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid and monochloroacetic acid.
Sewage produced by sexual substances.
Neutralization should be adopted for acidic wastewater. Neutralizer can be selected from sodium hydroxide, lime, etc., neutralized to pH 7~8 and discharged into hospital sewage.
Processing system.
(2) Cyanide-containing wastewater comes from hospitals using potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide, and ferric cyanide in blood, serum, bacteria, and chemical analysis.
Sewage from cyanide-containing compounds such as potassium or potassium ferrocyanide.
The cyanide-containing wastewater is preferably subjected to basic chlorination. The effective volume of the cyanide-containing wastewater treatment tank should be able to accommodate not less than half a year of sewage.
(3) Mercury-containing sewage is derived from the use of chlorine in hospitals for various oral outpatient treatments, mercury-containing monitoring instruments, damage analysis, analysis and diagnosis.
A high amount of sewage is produced by high-toxic substances such as high mercury, high-mercury nitric acid, and high-mercury thiocyanate.
The mercury-containing wastewater should be adsorbed by sodium sulfide precipitation activated carbon. After adsorption by activated carbon, the mercury concentration in the effluent meets the relevant emission standards.
The quasi-rear can enter the hospital sewage treatment system. The mercury concentration is below 0.02 mg/L.
(4) Chromium-containing sewage comes from the hospital using potassium dichromate, chromium trioxide, chromic acid in pathology, blood examination and laboratory work.
Potassium and other chemicals form sewage. The chromium-containing wastewater is preferably subjected to a chemical reduction precipitation method. After treatment, the hexavalent chromium concentration in the effluent meets the relevant emission standards.
The quasi-rear can enter the hospital sewage treatment system. The content is less than 0.5 mg/L.
(5) Printing and printing of sewage comes from the hospital radiology photo film processing to produce printing wastewater and waste liquid.
The developing wastewater is preferably subjected to a hydrogen peroxide oxidation method. After treatment, the hexavalent chromium concentration in the effluent meets the relevant emission standards before entering the hospital.
Sewage treatment system. After the printing and printing waste liquid is collected, it shall be disposed of by a unit specialized in handling hazardous solid waste.
(6) Radioactive wastewater treatment
a) Radioactive wastewater is derived from isotope treatment and diagnosis to produce radioactive sewage. The concentration of radioactive wastewater is 3.7×102
Bq/L~3.7×105 Bq/L.
b) The monitoring value of the radioactive wastewater treatment facility should meet the total α< 1 Bq/L and the total β< 10 Bq/L.
c) Radioactive wastewater discharged by isotope treatment should be collected separately and discharged directly into the decay cell.
d) Pipes for collecting radioactive waste water should be made of special corrosion-resistant pipes, generally stainless steel pipes or plastic pipes. The decay cell should be prevented
Seepage and antiseptic.
e) The decay cells can be divided into batch and continuous according to the operation mode, and the decay cells are designed according to the type and intensity of isotopes used. decay
The volume of the pool is calculated as the 10-half-life of the longest half-life isotope, or as the isotope decay formula.
f) Direct discharge of radioactive wastewater after treatment, does not enter the hospital sewage integrated treatment system.
6.3.1.2 Conventional pretreatment process
Hospital sewage pretreatment system usually consists of grid, pre-disinfecting tank, regulating tank, hydrolysis tank, coagulation sedimentation tank, etc. according to water quality and treatment
The requirements are combined.
(1) grille
a) A grid should be installed before the sewage treatment system or lifting pump, the grid well can be combined with the adjustment tank, and the grid should be the maximum sewage.
Quantity design.
b) The grid slag is disinfected, treated and disposed together with the sewage treatment sludge.
(2) Pre-disinfection pool
Pre-disinfection of sewage in infectious disease hospitals should be disinfected by ozone. The disinfection time should be no less than 30 min. Non-infectious disease hospital sewage treatment can
There is no pre-sterilization tank.
(3) Adjustment pool
a) The hospital sewage treatment system should be equipped with a regulating pool. In continuous operation, the effective volume is calculated from 6 to 8 hours of daily treated water. between
When operating at rest, its effective volume is calculated according to the process cycle.
b) The adjustment tank sho...
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