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HJ 1175-2021: (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Project-scale Ecological Impact Assessment)
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(National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Project-scale Ecological Impact Assessment)
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HJ 1175-2021
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Standard similar to HJ 1175-2021 HJ 1347.1 HJ 1347.2 HJ 1346.1 Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 1175-2021 (HJ1175-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Project-scale Ecological Impact Assessment) | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Word Count Estimation | 13,143 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | HJ 1175-2021: (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Project-scale Ecological Impact Assessment)
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(National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Project-scale Ecological Impact Assessment)
National Ecological Environment Standard of the People's Republic of China
National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specification
--Project-scale ecological impact assessment
Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological
status
--Project dimension ecological impact assessment
Published on 2021-05-12
2021-08-01 Implementation
Released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment
directory
Foreword...ii
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and Definitions...1
4 General...2
5 Technical process...2
6 Clarify the scope of the project scale...3
7 Preliminary investigation and analysis...3
8 Ecological Impact Assessment Indicator System...3
9 Investigating and evaluating technical methods...4
10 Evaluation conclusions and recommendations...5
Appendix A (Informative Appendix) Ecosystem Transfer Analysis Methods...6
Appendix B (Informative) Ecosystem Services Assessment Methodology...7
National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specification
--Project-scale ecological impact assessment
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the general principles, technical process, project scale scope, preliminary investigation and analysis, ecological impact assessment
Evaluation index system, technical methods of investigation and evaluation, evaluation conclusions and recommendations, etc.
This standard is applicable to all kinds of legally prohibited development zones.
Ecological impact assessment in the exhibition area, serving the comprehensive supervision and management of ecological protection.
2 Normative references
This standard refers to the following documents or clauses thereof. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this standard.
For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this standard.
HJ 2.1 General outline of technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment of construction projects
HJ 19 Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines Ecological Impact
HJ 1173 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation
LY/T 1721 Specification for the Evaluation of Forest Ecosystem Services
SL 773 Guidelines for the Measurement of Soil Loss in Production and Construction Projects
General outline of technical guidelines for ecological and environmental damage identification and assessment (Huanbanzhengfa [2016] No. 67)
Guidelines for Delineation of Ecological Protection Red Lines (Huanban Ecology [2017] No. 48)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
ecosystem service
The benefits that humans obtain from ecosystems mainly include windbreak and sand fixation, soil conservation, water conservation, biodiversity maintenance, etc.
Serve.
3.2
ecological impact assessment
Investigation, monitoring and analysis activities to assess the various impacts that a particular process or measure may have on an ecosystem or its composition.
3.3
ecological sensitive targets
National parks, nature reserves, ecological protection red lines, habitats of protected species and endemic species, drinking water sources and other ecological protection
Target.
3.4
water conservation
Through its structure and processes, ecosystems intercept stagnant precipitation, enhance soil infiltration, conserve soil moisture and replenish groundwater, and regulate rivers
The function of increasing the amount of available water resources.
3.5
soil conservation
Ecosystems protect soil through their structure and processes, reduce the erosive capacity of rain, reduce soil loss, and prevent sedimentation.
can.
3.6
wind break and sand fixation
Ecosystem functions by increasing soil wind resistance and reducing wind erosion and sand damage.
3.7
biodiversity conservation
The role of ecosystems in maintaining genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
3.8
project dimension
Before and after the construction of some urban development, resource development and other projects, it will cause certain damage to the natural ecology and cause the imbalance of ecological development.
or smaller space.
4 General
4.1 Principles
The project-scale ecological impact assessment should follow the principles of normative, operable, advanced, and economic and technical feasibility.
4.2 Objectives and Scope
4.2.1 Objectives
This standard uses remote sensing technology, GIS technology and
The ecological assessment method is adopted to assess the ecological impact of the project project on the assessment area.
4.2.2 Scope
4.2.2.1 Time range. Determined according to the time before and after the implementation of the project.
4.2.2.2 Spatial scope. determined according to the possible ecological impact scope caused by the construction project.
The ecological impact assessment of different industries should be combined with the characteristics of the industry and the ecological characteristics of the region, and the evaluation scope should be determined according to the situation in the specific evaluation.
around. Generally speaking, for general projects, the scope of ecological impact assessment should not be less than the main project, ancillary projects, direct disturbance areas (such as
borrow and spoil yard and other temporary engineering areas) and the surrounding area of 500 m. If the main project, auxiliary project, direct interference area and other surrounding 500～
There are ecologically sensitive targets within 1 000 m, which should be all included in the assessment scope from the perspective of ecosystem integrity.
5 Technical process
Project-scale ecological impact assessment Through the collection of data, the scope of the project scale is clarified, and the general situation of the project and after completion is understood, combined with ecological
Preliminary investigation of the status and construction of the project, and construction of ecological impact assessment indicators, including. ecological space occupation, loss of ecosystem services,
Ecological risk assessment. The specific project-scale ecological impact assessment technical process is shown in Figure 1.
6 Clarify the scope of the project scale
Clarify the scale and scope of the ecological impact of certain urban development, resource development and other projects that need to be assessed.
7 Preliminary investigation and analysis
7.1 Preliminary investigation on ecological status
Using methods such as data collection, on-site investigation, sample method, remote sensing and geographic information system analysis to investigate and analyze construction projects and weekly
The status quo of the natural ecology of the border; the background survey of biodiversity within the assessment scope, such as vegetation ecology and animal ecology; the assessment scope and surrounding areas are important
The type, quantity, temporal and spatial distribution dynamics of ecological protection areas, etc.;
to ecological issues, etc.
7.2 Preliminary investigation of engineering and construction
Using methods such as on-the-spot investigation and data collection to investigate and analyze the type and nature of the project,
Design situation, clarify whether the project construction conforms to the local regional planning, whether it exceeds the scope of approval, and whether there are major construction changes.
Analyze the construction and operation of pollution prevention and control facilities supporting the main project, the design and implementation of ecological protection measures, etc.
The relevant requirements of the General Outline of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Damage Appraisal and Assessment shall be implemented.
8 Ecological Impact Assessment Indicator System
According to the content of the project-scale ecological impact assessment, three parts of ecological space occupation, ecosystem service loss and ecological risk are constructed.
See Table 1 for details.
9 Investigating and evaluating technical methods
9.1 Ecosystem Type Transfer
Build an ecosystem type transition matrix to analyze the transformation of ecosystem types, including the amount and rate of transformation, especially to clarify
The transformation of high ecological service function land type to low ecological service function land type, so as to analyze the change of ecosystem structure. For specific methods, see
Appendix A.
9.2 Impervious floor area
Using area statistics and other methods to investigate and clarify the increase in the impervious surface area caused by the project construction.
9.3 Ecosystem type area occupied by the project
Clarify the total amount of land occupied by the project and the types and proportions of different ecosystems, especially to analyze ecosystems with high ecological service functions
Types, such as the area and proportion of forests, wetlands, grasslands, etc., and at the same time, it is necessary to clarify the amount of ecological compensation for project implementation and analyze the actual occupied amount.
See Appendix A for specific methods.
9.4 Loss of water conservation
To calculate the change of water conservation amount before and after the construction of the project, the water conservation amount is calculated by the precipitation storage method. For the specific method, see
Appendix B.
9.5 Soil Conservation Loss
Changes in soil conservation before and after project construction were calculated, and soil conservation was calculated using the modified general soil loss equation (RUSLE).
Calculation, see Appendix B for specific methods.
9.6 Loss of windbreak and sand fixation
Calculate the change of windbreak and sand fixation before and after project construction in the northern region, and use the modified wind erosion model (RWEQ) for windbreak and sand fixation.
For calculation, see Appendix B for the specific method.
9.7 Loss of biodiversity maintenance
To calculate the changes in biodiversity maintenance functions before and after the construction of the project, the biodiversity maintenance functions use the habitat irreplaceability index,
A comprehensive assessment of species richness and the number of rare and endangered species is as follows.
a) Habitat irreplaceability index. Use the Marxan site selection operation model to calculate the habitat irreplaceability index. For details, see the appendix
record B;
b) Species richness. the number of species in the ecosystem community is counted by the method of quadratic survey;
c) The number of rare and endangered species. using the method of survey and statistics, the list of national key protected wild species in the statistical area and the natural world
Critically endangered and endangered species on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List
quantity.
9.8 Ecosystem Threat Likelihood
The possibility of ecosystem threat mainly adopts qualitative analysis methods, focusing on the potential adverse effects of construction projects during the construction and operation periods.
Qualitative analysis of the likelihood and intensity of adverse ecological effects on species, populations, and ecosystems. Identify the land occupation and pollution caused by the construction project
factors that threaten ecology, such as pollution and discharge, and analyze the sudden and cumulative ecological risks that biological species, populations and ecosystems may suffer.
9.9 Proximity relationship between ecologically sensitive targets
The proximity relationship between ecologically sensitive targets is mainly based on qualitative analysis, and the project site and surrounding areas, including the ecological protection red line, should be clearly described.
The proximity relationship between ecologically sensitive targets, including the project site, describes the proximity relationship between the project site and downstream drinking water sources and water ecological protection areas.
The state-sensitive target type is implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 19 and HJ 2.1.
9.10 Spatial Superposition Relationship of Ecologically Sensitive Targets
The spatial superposition relationship of ecologically sensitive targets is mainly carried out on-site investigation according to different grades, and the specific grade division and investigation method are based on HJ 19
Implementation of relevant requirements.
10 Evaluation conclusions and recommendations
Give the conclusion of the ecological impact assessment. Clarify the construction projects in terms of ecological space occupation, loss of ecosystem functions and ecological risks, etc.
The impact degree, using the expert scoring method, divides the change of the ecological status of the project scale into acceptable or unacceptable. Combined engineering and construction
A detailed analysis of the situation, from the aspects of project operation specifications, space management and control, ecological protection, ecological restoration, ecological compensation, etc.
Suggestions for countermeasures to maintain ecosystem structure and function.
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