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HJ 1173-2021: (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation)
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(National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation)
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HJ 1173-2021
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Standard similar to HJ 1173-2021 HJ 1347.1 HJ 1347.2 HJ 1346.1 Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 1173-2021 (HJ1173-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation) | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Word Count Estimation | 11,115 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | HJ 1173-2021: (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation)
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(National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation)
National Ecological Environment Standard of the People's Republic of China
National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specification
--Assessment of ecosystem services
Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological
status
--Ecosystem services assessment
This electronic version is the official standard text, which is reviewed and typeset by the Environmental Standards Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Published on 2021-05-12
2021-08-01 Implementation
Released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment
directory
Foreword...ii
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and Definitions...1
4 General...2
5 Technical process...2
6 Evaluation index system...2
7 Assessing technical methods...3
8 Evaluation Results...3
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Calculation Methods of Ecosystem Service Function Indicators...4
National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specification
--Assessment of ecosystem services
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the content, process, evaluation index system and evaluation method of ecosystem service function evaluation.
This standard is applicable to the assessment of terrestrial ecosystem services in the national and provincial administrative regions, and other geographic regions can refer to this standard for implementation.
2 Normative references
This standard refers to the following documents or clauses thereof. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this standard.
For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this standard.
HJ 1168 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Field Observation of Grassland Ecosystems
HJ 1169 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Field Observation of Wetland Ecosystems
HJ 1170 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Field Observation of Desert Ecosystems
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
ecosystem services
The ecosystem provides the functions of windbreak and sand fixation, soil conservation, water conservation, and biodiversity maintenance for human beings.
3.2
water conservation
Through its structure and processes, ecosystems intercept stagnant precipitation, enhance soil infiltration, conserve soil moisture and replenish groundwater, and regulate rivers
The function of increasing the amount of available water resources.
3.3
soil conservation
Ecosystems protect soil through their structure and processes, reduce the erosive capacity of rainwater, reduce soil loss, and prevent sedimentation.
can.
3.4
sand and storm prevention
Ecosystem functions by increasing soil wind resistance and reducing wind erosion and sand damage.
3.5
biodiversity conservation
The role of ecosystems in maintaining the diversity of genes, species, and ecosystems.
4 General
4.1 Principles
The evaluation of ecosystem services should follow the principles of normative, operability, advanced, and economic and technical feasibility.
4.2 Objectives and Scope
This standard is based on remote sensing and ground survey data, combined with long-term monitoring data of ecosystems, to quantitatively assess the status of ecosystem services.
to understand the changing trends of ecosystem services. The time range is one or more years supported by data, and the base year for multi-year evaluation is the first
one year. The spatial extent is the evaluation area.
5 Technical process
This standard establishes a technical process for the assessment of ecosystem services, as shown in Figure 1.
6 Evaluation Index System
The evaluation index system of ecosystem service function is shown in Table 1.
7 Evaluation of technical methods
7.1 Water conservation amount
Use the water balance equation to calculate the water conservation amount, see Appendix A for the specific method.
7.2 Soil retention
Soil retention was calculated using the modified soil loss equation (RUSLE). For details, see Appendix A.
7.3 Windbreak and sand fixation
The modified wind erosion model (REWQ) was used to calculate the sand fixation amount. For details, see Appendix A.
7.4 Habitat Irreplaceability Index
The habitat irreplaceability index was calculated using the Marxan site selection model. For details, see Appendix A.
7.5 Species richness
The number of species in the ecosystem community was counted by the method of quadratic survey. For details, please refer to HJ 1168, HJ 1169 and HJ 1170.
7.6 Number of rare and endangered species
Using the method of survey and statistics, the list of national key protected wild species in the region and the polar species in the IUCN Red List
Number of endangered and endangered species.
8 Evaluation Results
Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services based on assessment results of water conservation, soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, and biodiversity maintenance
The spatial pattern and overall change trend of different types of ecosystem services and the key areas of change are identified. water conservation,
The higher or faster the soil conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, wildlife habitat area and species richness, the higher the ecosystem service function.
Or the trend of change is better.
Appendix A
(normative appendix)
Ecosystem service function index calculation method
A.1 Water Conservation Amount
Computational ecosystems enhance soil infiltration and accumulation by intercepting stagnant precipitation, conserving soil moisture, regulating surface runoff and replenishing groundwater
The total amount of water added by water. Calculated by the water balance equation.
A.2 Soil Conservation
Calculated based on the modified soil loss equation (RUSLE).
Calculation of rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), slope length and slope factor (L, S) and vegetation cover factor (C)
Methods as below.
Rainfall erosivity factor (R) is the potential ability of rainfall to cause soil erosion, and is calculated as follows.
2()
0.2r
(A.22)
In the formula. K' - surface roughness factor;
Kr - soil ridge roughness, calculated by Smith-Carson equation, cm;
Crr - random roughness factor, take 0, cm;
L - terrain relief parameters;
H -- Altitude difference within distance L.
A.4 Habitat Irreplaceability Index
First, the indicator species were selected, and the distribution area of each indicator species was determined in counties based on historical data. Using Marxan software
Based on the calculation model of site selection, iteratively calculated according to the constraints to obtain the priority areas for national biodiversity conservation.
The assessment unit is each county-level administrative unit in the assessment area, and the species selects the national first-class species and second-class species with recorded distribution in the whole country.
and other species with important conservation value, the number of occurrences of these species in each assessment unit shall be counted with reference to the Fauna and Flora of China.
Use the irreplaceability index to assign a value to the evaluation unit. The value is distributed between 0 and 100.The higher the value, the more effective the unit is in protecting biodiversity.
The value (irreplaceability) is greater.
The objective function of iterative operation of Marxan model is.
()
PUs PUs ConValue
where.
PUs
Cost -- the total cost of the planning unit;
PUs
BLM Boundary -- the correction value of the total length of the boundary of the protection system;
ConValue
SPF -- the compensation value for not reaching the protection target;
In the calculation process, each planning unit adopts the same cost, and the result represents the smallest area that can achieve the protection target. protection system edge
The correction value of the total boundary length is the total boundary length of the protection system after adjusting the boundary of the protection priority area in the model iteration process. when a species does not reach
When the protection target is reached, but the protection cost has reached the threshold, a compensation value that exceeds the cost threshold is set to appropriately increase the cost to meet the protection needs.
In order to ensure that the set reaches the minimum cost, the region with higher protection value has a higher probability of being selected in the operation. 100 operations, each plan
Each unit will generate a value from 0 to 100, indicating the number of times it is selected in the operation. The unit with a larger value is irreplaceable in protection.
The stronger the generation.
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