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HJ 1089-2020 English PDF

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HJ 1089-2020: Guideline on available techniques of pollution prevention and control for printing industry
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Standard ID	Contents [version]	USD	STEP2	[PDF] delivered in	Standard Title (Description)	Status	PDF
HJ 1089-2020	English	599	Add to Cart	6 days [Need to translate]	Guideline on available techniques of pollution prevention and control for printing industry	Valid	HJ 1089-2020

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Basic data

Standard ID	HJ 1089-2020 (HJ1089-2020)
Description (Translated English)	Guideline on available techniques of pollution prevention and control for printing industry
Sector / Industry	Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Word Count Estimation	26,259
Date of Issue	2020
Date of Implementation	2020-01-07
Issuing agency(ies)	Ministry of Ecology and Environment

HJ 1089-2020: Guideline on available techniques of pollution prevention and control for printing industry

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Guideline on available techniques of pollution prevention and control for printing industry National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic of China Guidance on feasible technologies for pollution prevention in the printing industry Guideline on available techniques of pollution prevention and control for printing industry 2020-01-08 release 2020-01-08 implementation Ministry of Ecology and Environment

Foreword ... ii 1 Scope ... 1 2 Normative references ... 1 3 Terms and definitions ... 1 4 Industry production and production of pollutants ... 2 5 Pollution prevention technology ... 3 6 Pollution Control Technology ... 6 7 Environmental management measures ... 9 8 Pollution prevention technology ... 10 Appendix A (informative appendix) Printing process and main pollution production links ... 16 Appendix B (informative) VOCs mass ratio and characteristic pollutants of VOCs in printing industry Appendix C (Informative) Pollution Production Levels and Production Levels of VOCs in Printing Production ... 18 Appendix D (informative) Waste gas collection technology for printing production ... 20

Foreword

In order to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" Law on the Prevention and Control of Gas Pollution, Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes of the People's Republic of China, Law on Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution of the People's Republic of China And other laws to prevent and control environmental pollution, improve environmental quality, and promote technological progress in the prevention and control of pollution in the printing industry to formulate this standard. This standard proposes feasible technologies for the prevention and control of waste gas, wastewater, solid waste and noise pollution in the printing industry. This standard is issued for the first time. Appendices A to E of this standard are informative appendices. This standard was formulated by the Department of Science, Technology and Finance, and the Department of Regulations and Standards of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. This standard was drafted. Beijing Environmental Engineering Design Institute, China Academy of Environmental Sciences, China Printing and Equipment Industry Association Conference, China Printing Technology Association, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Mechanical and Electrical Design Research Institute Co., Ltd., South China University of Technology. This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on January 8, 2020. This standard will be implemented as of January 8, 2020. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Guidance on feasible technologies for pollution prevention in the printing industry

1 Scope

This standard proposes feasible technologies for the prevention and control of waste gas, waste water, solid waste, and noise pollution in the printing industry. This standard can be used for environmental impact assessment of printing industry enterprises or production facilities construction projects, formulation and revision of national pollutant emission standards, Reference for pollution permit management and pollution prevention technology selection.

2 Normative references

This standard refers to the following documents or clauses therein. For dated references, only the dated version is applicable to this standard. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this standard. GB 8978 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard GB 12348 Environmental noise emission standards for industrial enterprises GB 14554 Emission Standard for Odor Pollutants GB 16297 comprehensive emission standards for air pollutants GB 18597 Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Storage GB 18599 Standard for Pollution Control of General Industrial Solid Waste Storage and Disposal Sites GB 37822 Volatile Organic Compounds Emission Control Standard GB 50016 fire protection code for building design GBZ 1 Hygienic Standard for Design of Industrial Enterprises GBZ 2.1 Occupational exposure limits for workplace hazardous factors Chemically harmful factors GB/T 4754-2017 National Economic Industry Classification HJ 944 General Regulations on Technical Specifications for Environmental Management Ledgers and Pollutant Permits for Pollutant Discharge Units (Trial) HJ 2026 Technical Specifications for Industrial Organic Waste Gas Treatment Engineering by Adsorption HJ 2027 Technical Specification for Catalytic Combustion Industrial Organic Waste Gas Treatment Engineering AQ 4273 Safety Technical Specification for Dedusting System for Danger of Dust Explosion "Administrative Measures for the Transfer of Hazardous Waste" (Order of the State Environmental Protection Administration No. 5) National Hazardous Waste List (Decree No. 39 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Public Security)

3 terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 printing A reproduction process that uses an analog or digital image carrier to transfer a toner/colorant (such as ink) to a substrate. According to the printing Printing plate types can be divided into lithographic printing, gravure printing, letterpress printing (including resin printing, flexographic printing) and stencil printing (main To print for screen). 3.2 printing industry GB/T 4754-2017 book, newspaper printing (C2311), printing of this volume (C2312), packaging decoration and other printing (C2319), And the industry engaged in production of printing reproduction and pre-press processing, plate making, post-processing binding, surface finishing and packaging molding. 3.3 printing ink A dispersion system composed of colorants, binders, auxiliary agents and other components is transferred to the substrate to be colored during the printing process. 3.4 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Organic compounds that participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions, or organic compounds determined according to relevant regulations. When characterizing the overall emissions of VOCs, according to industry characteristics and environmental management requirements, total volatile organic compounds (as TVOC (Represented), non-methane total hydrocarbons (represented by NMHC) as pollutant control projects. 3.5 Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) Using specified monitoring methods, the hydrogen flame ionization detector responds to the sum of gaseous organic compounds other than methane, based on the quality of carbon. Measuring concentration meter. 3.6 closed/closed The state or operation mode where the pollutants are not in contact with the ambient air, or are isolated from the ambient air by sealing materials, sealing equipment. 3.7 closed space A closed area or closed building formed by using a complete enclosure structure to block pollutants, working places, etc. from the surrounding space. Except for personnel, vehicles, equipment, and materials entering and exiting the closed area or closed building, as well as the exhaust pipes and vents established according to law, the doors Windows and other openings (holes) should be kept closed at all times. 3.8 available techniques of pollution prevention and control According to the environmental needs and economic level of China in a certain period of time, comprehensively adopt pollution prevention technology and pollution treatment technology in the process of pollution prevention Technology and environmental management measures to stabilize the discharge of pollutants to national pollutant discharge standards and technologies for large-scale applications.

4 Industry production and production of pollutants

4.1 Production process 4.1.1 Printing production generally includes three processes. prepress, printing, and postpress processing. The prepress process mainly includes plate making and prepress processing (washing Canning, coating, etc.). The printing process mainly includes the processes of ink allocation and transportation, printing, glazing, drying, and blankets Supporting processes such as cleaning and ink cleaning. The post-printing process mainly includes binding, surface finishing, and packaging molding processes. Binding can be divided into hardcover, flat Assembly, saddle stitching, etc .; surface finishing processes include laminating, glazing, foil stamping, die cutting, etc .; packaging molding processes including adhesive and varnish formulation And conveying, compounding, drying, folder-gluing, bag-making, mounting, cutting, etc. See Appendix A for the printing process. 4.1.2 The main raw and auxiliary materials used by printing industry enterprises include paper, cardboard, plastic film, aluminum foil, textiles, sheet metal, various Containers, developers, fixers, and inks, adhesives, thinners, cleaning agents, wetting fluids, varnishes, coatings and other materials containing VOCs material. The percentage of VOCs mass and characteristic pollutants are shown in Appendix B. 4.1.3 The energy used by printing industry enterprises mainly includes electricity and natural gas. 4.2 Generation of pollutants 4.2.1 Printing exhaust pollutants include VOCs and particulate matter. VOCs are mainly generated from the storage, deployment and Transportation, and printing, dampening, drying, cleaning, glazing, laminating, laminating, coating and other processes and storage of hazardous waste containing VOCs VOCs for lithographic printing processes in Chinese publications, paper packaging, etc. are mainly produced by dampening and cleaning processes, and gravure printing workers such as plastic and paper packaging Art VOCs are mainly produced in printing and laminating processes. Particulate matter is mainly produced in the dusting and binding cutting processes of lithography. VOCs pollution For links and production levels, see Appendix C. 4.2.2 Printing wastewater is mainly generated in lithographic plate-making, plate-making dampening, can-washing, and water-based ink printing. Washing and other processes, including processing wastewater, dampening wastewater, aluminum can cleaning wastewater and printing cleaning wastewater, etc. The main pollutants are acids, chemical aerobic (COD), suspended solids (SS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), etc. 4.2.3 The general solid waste generated in the printing process mainly includes waste paper, waste plastic, waste metal and waste plates. Produced during printing Hazardous waste mainly includes waste developer, waste fixing solution, waste ink, waste cleaning agent, waste wetting liquid, waste wiper cloth, waste rubber, waste varnish, waste Activated carbon, waste catalyst, waste engine oil, etc., and other hazardous wastes listed in the National Hazardous Waste List or identified according to national regulations Solid waste with hazardous properties identified by standards and identification methods. 4.2.4 The noise during the printing process is mainly generated by production equipment (such as printing presses, folding machines, forming processing equipment, binding linkage lines, Machine, etc.) and auxiliary production equipment (such as induced draft fans, air compressors, water pumps, air pumps, etc.).

5 Pollution prevention technology

5.1 Air pollution prevention technology 5.1.1 Raw and auxiliary material replacement technologies 5.1.1.1 Alternative technology for vegetable oil-based offset printing inks The technology is suitable for lithographic processes for all absorbent materials. Vegetable oil-based offset printing inks use vegetable oil as a binder and Formulated with raw materials such as pigments, water and some additives. Binders usually include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil And Corona oil, etc., are mainly soybean oil. Vegetable oil-based offset printing inks are classified into three types. heat-set web, sheet-fed and cold-set web. The proportion of VOCs in oil-based offset printing inks should be less than or equal to 5%. Should be less than or equal to 2%. Using vegetable oil-based offset printing inks instead of mineral oil-based offset printing inks can reduce the amount of VOCs produced by the inks. 5.1.1.2 No/low alcohol wetting fluid replacement technology This technology is suitable for the lithographic printing process, and the alcohol-free wetting fluid replacement technology is suitable for the lithographic printing process of books, newspapers, and books. Use no/low alcohol wetting fluid instead of traditional wetting fluid (composed of wetting fluid stock and wetting fluid additives), which can generally reduce VOCs in the dampening process The production amount is 50% ~ 90%. The mass ratio of VOCs in non-/low-alcohol wetting liquid stock solution should be less than or equal to 10%. The wetting liquid uses ethanol or isopropanol as an additive, and the addition amount should be less than or equal to 2%. 5.1.1.3 Radiation curing ink replacement technology This technology is suitable for the printing of labels, tickets, paper packaging, metal cans, etc. in lithography, letterpress, and screen printing processes. It is not suitable for straight-through printing. Printing of food contact products. Radiation-curable inks are irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) and electron beams to make connections within the ink The material undergoes a crosslinking reaction, thereby changing from a liquid state to a solid state. Radiation-curable inks are used instead of solvent-based inks, and the amount of VOCs produced can generally be reduced 80% less. The most commonly used is UV curing ink, whose VOCs mass ratio should be less than or equal to 2%. Use mercury lamp and UV light Diodes (LED-UV) generate ozone when irradiated as an ultraviolet light source, and less ozone is produced using LED-UV. 5.1.1.4 Water-based gravure ink replacement technology This technology is suitable for plastic surface printing, plastic light packaging and paper gravure printing processes. Water-based gravure ink consists of water-soluble binder, pigment, It is composed of water, auxiliary organic solvents and auxiliary agents. The auxiliary organic solvents are generally alcohols and ethers. The proportion of water-based gravure ink VOCs quality should be 30% or less. Using water-based gravure inks instead of solvent-based gravure inks can generally reduce VOCs production by 30% to 80%. Water-based oil The printing performance, adhesion performance and printing quality of ink applied to film substrates are still lower than those of solvent-based inks. 5.1.1.5 Water-based relief printing ink replacement technology This technology is suitable for letterpress printing processes such as paper packaging, labels, tickets, plastic packaging, aluminum cans, etc. Water-based relief printing ink consists of binder, Pigments, water and additives. The proportion of VOCs in water-based relief printing ink should be less than or equal to 10%. Use water-based relief printing ink instead of solvent For letterpress printing inks, the amount of VOCs produced can generally be reduced by more than 80%. 5.1.1.6 Water-based adhesive replacement technology This technology is suitable for the laminating process of light packaging products such as instant noodle packaging bags, puffed food packaging bags, and the composite process of paper packaging. Water-based adhesives use water as a dispersion medium and are composed of a base material, a curing agent, an accelerator, a cross-linking agent, a filler and an auxiliary agent. Include water-based polyvinyl acetate, water-based acrylate, water-based polyurethane, and so on. The mass ratio of water-based adhesive VOCs should be less than or equal to 5%. By using water-based adhesives instead of solvent-based adhesives, VOCs production can generally be reduced by more than 90%. 5.1.1.7 Water-based Varnish Replacement Technology This technology is suitable for the glazing process of paper printing of books, magazines, albums, food packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, etc. Water-based varnish made from acrylic resin emulsion Liquid, water, additives and particulate paraffin. The mass proportion of water-based varnish VOCs should be 3% or less. Use water-based varnish instead of solvent Varnish and VOCs production can generally be reduced by more than 90%. 5.1.1.8 UV Varnish Replacement Technology This technology is suitable for the glazing process of paper and metal, and is not suitable for the glazing of products directly in contact with food. UV varnish Light irradiation causes the cross-linking reaction of the binder in the varnish to change from liquid to solid. The proportion of UV varnish VOCs should be less than At 3%, using UV varnish instead of solvent-based varnish, the VOCs production can generally be reduced by more than 90%. 5.1.2 Equipment or process innovation 5.1.2.1 Automatic blanket cleaning technology This technology is suitable for the cleaning process of lithographic blankets. Install an automatic blanket cleaning device on the printing machine to make the non-woven in the device The cloth or brush roller is in contact with the rubber cloth on the surface of the rubber roller and rubs at high speed to achieve the purpose of cleaning the rubber cloth. Compared with manual cleaning, the technology The amount of surgical cleaning agent can generally be reduced by more than 30%, and at the same time can reduce the generation of hazardous waste such as waste cleaning agent and waste wiper cloth, shortening the cleaning To improve production efficiency. 5.1.2.2 Zero alcohol offset printing technology The technology is suitable for lithographic printing processes such as newspapers, books and periodicals, and paper packaging. By modifying the water roll system of the lithographic printing press (by It consists of water roller, plate roller and bucket roller) to replace the traditional wetting liquid with VOCs-free wetting liquid. This technology avoids dampening Sequential production of VOCs and effectively reduce the production of dampening waste liquid. The use of this technology requires investment in the one-time transformation cost of the water roller system of the printing press and The running cost of regularly replacing the water roller. 5.1.2.3 Waterless offset printing technology This technology is suitable for lithographic processes such as books and periodicals. Adopt printing plates, inks and temperature control systems whose surface is non-ink-friendly silicone rubber To print. This technology does not require dampening and avoids the production of VOCs and dampening wastewater in the dampening process. This technology requires higher ambient temperature. The ink transfer process requires cooling. The use of this technology requires the use of a special processing machine, plates and inks, which is somewhat more expensive than water-based printing. Rise. 5.1.2.4 Solvent-free composite technology This technology is suitable for compound processes in the printing industry. This technology uses solvent-free polyurethane adhesives to bond different substrates through reaction curing. Knot together to get new functional materials. Solventless polyurethane adhesives are generally classified into one-component and two-component types. Paper-plastic composite process often Single-component adhesives are used, and two-component adhesives are often used in the flexible packaging compounding process. This technology only uses a small amount when cleaning rubber rollers and mixed parts Raw and auxiliary materials containing VOCs (usually ethyl acetate). Compared with dry composite technology, the VOCs production of this technology can generally be reduced by more than 99%. The application of this technology in soft-boiled and high-temperature cooking flexible packaging products is immature. 5.1.2.5 Co-extrusion compounding technology This technology is suitable for the composite film production process in the printing industry. This technology uses two or more extruders to combine different types of resins. It can be extruded into a film from one die at a time, and the raw and auxiliary materials containing VOCs such as adhesive are not used in the process, which can reduce the amount of VOCs generated. This technology can only be used for the compounding of hot-melt plastics and plastics. The raw material combination of its products is relatively small and the scope of application is small. 5.2 Water pollution prevention technology 5.2.1 flushing water filtration cycle technology This technology is suitable for the reuse of processing wastewater generated in the lithographic printing platemaking process. Recycling the flushing water by installing a filtering device, It can reduce the consumption of fresh water by more than 95%, and reduce the production of waste water by more than 95%. 5.2.2 Wetting fluid filtration cycle technology This technology is suitable for reusing the wetting fluid used in the lithographic dampening process. Recycling of wetting fluid by adding a filtering device, It can reduce the amount of dampening fresh water by more than 90%, and can save the amount of wetting liquid stock solution by about 40% to 50%. 5.3 Solid waste pollution prevention technology 5.3.1 Computer-to-plate technology Also known as CTP platemaking technology, it is applicable to the platemaking process of lithographic printing. This technology does not require film making and traditional printing process, Compared with the color plate process technology, it can greatly reduce the generation of developing waste liquid and fixing waste liquid. 5.3.2 Waste developer concentration technology This technology is suitable for the reduction of waste developer in the lithographic printing platemaking process. Waste developer generated in the lithographic process And flocculation, filter press, electrolysis and other processes for purification, separation and concentration treatment, can reduce the amount of waste developer production by more than 50%.

6 Pollution control technology

6.1 Air pollution control technology 6.1.1 General principles 6.1.1.1 The collection of waste gas from the printing production process shall be strengthened to reduce the fugitive emissions of VOCs. Collection of VOCs fugitive exhaust And the control should meet the requirements of GB 37822, and the exhaust gas collection technology can refer to Appendix D. 6.1.1.2 The organic waste gas produced by the drying process of solvent-based gravure printing, solvent-based letterpress printing, dry lamination and coating should be used Wind reduction and enrichment technology to reduce the exhaust air volume, increase the concentration of exhaust pollutants, and reduce the investment and operating costs of terminal treatment facilities. 6.1.1.3 The high-temperature exhaust gas produced by the combustion method VOCs treatment technology should be thermally recovered. 6.1.2 Governance technology of adsorption VOCs This technology uses an adsorbent (activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, molecular sieve, etc.) to adsorb VOCs pollutants in the exhaust gas, so that it is separated from the exhaust gas. Ionization, referred to as adsorption technology, mainly includes fixed-bed adsorption technology, moving-bed adsorption technology, fluidized-bed adsorption technology, and rotary adsorption technology. The adsorption technologies commonly used in the printing industry are fixed bed adsorption technology and rotary adsorption technology. 6.1.2.1 fixed bed adsorption technology This technology is suitable for the treatment of exhaust gases from gravure printing, letterpress printing and dry composite processes. The adsorbent bed is stationary during the adsorption process Adsorption and separation of VOCs pollutants in exhaust gas. The printing industry generally uses activated carbon as an adsorbent. Should be treated according to pollutants Quantity, processing requirements and other regular regeneration or replacement of adsorbent to ensure the removal efficiency of treatment facilities. Inlet exhaust particle concentration should be less than 1 mg/m3, The temperature should be below 40 ℃, and the relative humidity (RH) should be below 80%. If the pollutants in the exhaust gas are liable to polymerize, crosslink, For reactions such as oxidation, activated carbon adsorption technology should not be used. The technical parameters of this technology should meet the relevant requirements of HJ 2026. Activated carbon adsorbent The materi...

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