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GB/T 45661-2025: Determination for dangerous quantities of radioactive material
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Determination for dangerous quantities of radioactive material
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GB/T 45661-2025
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 45661-2025 (GB/T45661-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Determination for dangerous quantities of radioactive material | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F70 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.280 | | Word Count Estimation | 34,347 | | Date of Issue | 2025-05-30 | | Date of Implementation | 2025-05-30 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 45661-2025: Determination for dangerous quantities of radioactive material---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 13.280
CCSF70
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Determination of the Dangerous Quantity of Radioactive Substances
Released on 2025-05-30
2025-05-30 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
Table of contents
Preface III
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Exposure scenarios and exposure pathways 1
5 Health Effects 2
6 Consideration of the characteristics of radioactive materials 3
6.1 Radiation characteristics 3
6.2 Critical characteristics 3
6.3 Chemical toxicity 3
7 Dangerous amount of radioactive material (D value) 3
8 Application of D value 16
Appendix A (Informative) Lethal and non-lethal effects 17
A.1 Lethal effect17
A.2 Non-lethal effects17
Appendix B (Informative) Characteristics of Radioactive Materials 18
B.1 Decay of radionuclides18
B.2 Radiation and Interactions 18
B.3 Critical characteristics 18
B.4 Chemical toxicity 21
Appendix C (Informative) Two methods for calculating D value 22
C.1 Two methods for calculating D value 22
C.2 Expert Methods 22
C.3 Risk approach 25
Reference 28
Foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents"
Drafting.
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed and coordinated by the National Nuclear Energy Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC58).
This document was drafted by. China Institute of Radiation Protection and China General Hospital of Nuclear Industry.
The main drafters of this document are. Zhang Jiangang, Li Guoqiang, Yang Yapeng, Sun Hongchao, Feng Zongyang, Jia Linsheng, Liu Yulong, Wang Ning and Liang Boning.
Determination of the Dangerous Quantity of Radioactive Substances
1 Scope
This document gives the exposure scenarios and exposure pathways, health effects, radioactive substances and their impact on the health of the individual.
Quality characteristics, as well as D value and its application.
This document applies to the determination of hazardous quantities of radioactive materials during nuclear and radiation emergency preparedness.
2 Normative references
This document has no normative references.
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
D value
A dangerous amount of radioactive material. If this amount of radioactive material gets out of control, it could cause death or reduced living standards for those exposed.
Permanent damage to quality.
3.2
Deterministic effect
An ionizing radiation health effect that usually has a dose threshold. When the dose exceeds the threshold, the higher the dose, the more serious the effect.
The greater the degree.
NOTE 1 Such effects are called severe deterministic effects if they are fatal, life-threatening, or result in permanent damage with reduced quality of life.
NOTE 2 Dose thresholds are related to the type of deterministic health effect and are less related to individual differences in exposed persons. Examples of deterministic effects include erythema,
Hematologic damage and acute radiation sickness. Deterministic effects are also called "adverse tissue reactions."
[Source. GB 18871-2002, J3.2, modified]
3.3
Exposurepathway
The pathway by which radiation or radionuclides reach the human body and cause exposure.
[Source. GB 18871-2002, J5.15, modified]
4 Exposure scenarios and exposure pathways
4.1 Determination of D value When considering the exposure scenario, radioactive materials are divided into two categories. one is non-diffusible material (D value is recorded as D1), and the other is
The substance is a diffuse substance (D value is recorded as D2). The specific meaning is as follows.
a) The D1 value is the activity of the radionuclide in the non-dispersible material. If the source is out of control but there is no dispersion, the radionuclide can
Can lead to an emergency situation and is expected to cause serious deterministic effects;
b) The D2 value is the activity of radionuclides in the diffuse material. If the source is out of control and diffuses, it may lead to an emergency state and is expected to cause serious consequences.
re-determination effect;
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