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GB/T 40082-2021: Wind turbines - Drive train ground test specification
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Wind turbines - Drive train ground test specification
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GB/T 40082-2021
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 40082-2021 (GB/T40082-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Wind turbines - Drive train ground test specification | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F11 | | Word Count Estimation | 23,256 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 40082-2021: Wind turbines - Drive train ground test specification---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
(Technical specification for ground test of wind turbine drive chain)
ICS 27.180
F11
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Technical Specification for Ground Test of Drive Chain of Wind Turbine Generator
Released on 2021-04-30
2021-11-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Foreword Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Symbol 2
5 Technical conditions 2
6 Test equipment and instruments 4
7 Test content and method 4
8 Inspection rules 10
9 Test report content 10
Appendix A (informative appendix) Sample report format 12
Technical Specification for Ground Test of Drive Chain of Wind Turbine Generator
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical conditions, test equipment and instruments, test content,
Methods, inspection rules and report content.
This standard applies to horizontal-axis wind turbines with sweeping areas of wind wheels greater than.200m2.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 1032 Three-phase asynchronous motor test method
GB/T 2900.53 Electrician Terminology Wind Turbine Generator
GB/T 3785.1-2010 Electroacoustic Sound Level Meter Part 1.Specification
GB/T 5226.1 Electrical safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machinery Part 1.General technical conditions
GB/T 9239.1 Mechanical vibration constant (rigid) rotor balance quality requirements Part 1.Specification and balance tolerance inspection
GB/T 17626.30-2012 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology power quality test method
GB/T 18451.1 Wind Turbine Generator Design Requirements
GB/T 19568 Specification for assembly and installation of wind turbines
GB/T 22095-2008 cast iron plate
GB/T 25389.1 Permanent magnet synchronous generators for wind turbines Part 1.Technical conditions
GB/T 25389.2-2018 Permanent magnet synchronous generators for wind turbines Part 2.Test methods
GB/T 35854 Wind turbine and its components mechanical vibration measurement and evaluation
GB/T 36994 Test Procedure for Adaptability of Wind Turbine Power Grid
GB/T 36995 Test Procedure for Fault Voltage Ride Through Ability of Wind Turbine Generator
GB 50040 Code for Design of Power Machinery Foundation
JB/T 7486-2008 temperature sensor series type spectrum
JB/T 11498 grating rotary encoder
JJG144-2007 Verification Regulations for Standard Force Gauges
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2900.53 apply to this document.
3.1
Drive train
The sum of all mechanical and electrical transmission related parts in the wind turbine generator from the main shaft power input to the grid connection point.
Note. Including the main shaft, main bearing, elastic support, generator, converter, etc., if a speed increasing mechanism is used between the main shaft and the generator, the transmission chain also includes a speed increasing gear
Box and high-speed coupling.
3.2
Test platform foundation testrigfoundation
The base plane of the power equipment fixed to the ground and immovable is used to install the drive system and the tested drive chain.
3.3
Mounting bracket supportstructure
The mechanical structure that supports the drive system and the tested drive chain and fixes it to the base platform.
3.4
Driving system
The device that generates the motive force can be connected to the main shaft end of the tested drive chain through a coupling to apply a torque load.
3.5
Torquepulsation
The peak-to-peak change of the periodic fluctuation of the spindle's steady-state torque during the test.
4 symbols
The following symbols apply to this document.
J ---Moment of inertia of transmission chain (kg·m2);
Pn --- the rated electric power output by the transmission chain (kW);
P1 --- the input mechanical power of the tested drive chain (kW);
P2 ---The output electric power of the tested drive chain (kW);
Pin --- the input electric power of the drive system (kW);
Pout---The output electric power of the transmission chain in the power generation state (kW);
η --- Transmission chain efficiency.
5 Technical conditions
5.1 Safety requirements
For all test items of the transmission chain, corresponding safety protection measures should be taken on site.
The test control system shall have the function of emergency stopping the operation of the equipment under unexpected circumstances, and shall meet the requirements of GB/T 5226.1.
When the operating conditions exceed the operating conditions that the drive system and the tested transmission chain can withstand, the test control system should have an active stop device
Run function.
5.2 Speed range
During the test, the operating speed range should be determined according to the design requirements of the drive chain of the tested wind turbine. In ideal steady state wind
Under conditions, the curve of wind turbine speed and wind speed is shown in Figure 1, and the curve of wind turbine speed and power is shown in Figure 2.
Different wind turbine control strategies are different, so the shape of the curve may be different. The curve is only an indication, not
Represents the true curve of each manufacturer.
a) Assembly inspection. check whether the assembly of the tested drive chain is complete and correct;
b) Visual inspection. The paint on the surface of each part of the transmission chain should be dry, complete, uniform, free of stains, collisions, cracks, etc.;
c) Inspection of installation dimensions and external dimensions. the external dimensions and installation dimensions should meet the requirements of GB/T 19568 and the installation process documents of the tested drive chain
Claim;
d) Rotation inspection. When the drive chain is rotating, it should be smooth and brisk, without sluggishness, and no abnormal noise.
7.2 Starting resistance torque test
The starting resistance torque measurement method should be implemented in accordance with the requirements specified in 5.20 of GB/T 25389.2-2018.For speed-increasing gears
The drive chain of the box and the starting device can be installed on the disc surface at the power input end of the main shaft.
7.3 Dynamic balance test
The tested drive chain is not mechanically connected to the drive system, and the generator of the tested drive chain is driven by the frequency converter to run in the motor mode.
Drive the drive chain to the operating speed range of the drive chain. At least 5 points are evenly distributed from the minimum operating speed of the grid to the maximum operating speed,
Including the rated speed. After the operation is stable at the set speed point, the dynamic balance tester is used to test and record the data.
The measuring points should be arranged on the main bearing at the low-speed input end of the transmission chain and the drive end bearing of the high-speed generator, and the evaluation method should be in accordance with GB/T 9239.1
According to the regulations, the masses of the rotors that are unbalanced at the high-speed and low-speed ends are calculated as the masses of the rotating body rotating at high and low speeds respectively.
7.4 Moment of inertia test
Test the cold DC resistance of the stator and rotor of the generator in the tested drive chain in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1032.
The tested drive chain is not mechanically connected to the drive system, and the generator in the tested drive chain is driven by the frequency converter to run in the motor mode.
Increase the speed to 1.1 times the synchronous speed of the generator. When the speed is stable, measure the voltage and current at the input terminal of the generator, and calculate the input active power
Then the power is cut off to make the transmission chain freely idling and decelerate. Within the range of 1.1 times to 0.9 times the synchronous speed of the generator, determine the speed change required
time.
The mechanical loss of the transmission chain is calculated according to formula (1).
Ploss=Pe-Pfe-Pcu (1)
Where.
Ploss---the mechanical loss of the transmission chain, in kilowatts (kW);
Pe --- When the generator is used as a motor to drive the transmission chain, the measured motor input active power, in kilowatts (kW);
Pcu --- When the generator is used as a motor to drive the transmission chain, the electricity calculated according to the measured current and the generator stator and rotor resistance
Machine copper loss, in kilowatts (kW);
Pfe --- The iron loss measured under no-load operating conditions during the motor type test of the generator, in kilowatts (kW).
Use the speed sensor to record the speed of the transmission chain from 1.1 times the synchronous speed of the generator to 0.9 times the synchronous speed of the synchronous speed after the power is cut off.
For the curve, the sampling interval is not more than 0.1s. In this process, it can be considered that the kinetic energy of the transmission chain is only reduced by mechanical loss. Transmission chain turn
The moment of inertia is calculated according to formula (2).
1000×Ploss×Δt=
2Jω
1.1-
2Jω
0.9 (2)
Where.
Δt ---The deceleration time from 1.1 times the synchronous speed of the generator to 0.9 times the synchronous speed of the generator, in seconds (s);
J --- Moment of inertia of the drive chain, in kilogram square meters (kg m2);
ω1.1---1.1 times the angular velocity corresponding to the synchronous speed of the generator, in radians per second (rad/s);
ω0.9---0.9 times the angular velocity corresponding to the synchronous speed of the generator, in radians per second (rad/s).
Thus, the inertia J can be calculated, repeat three times, and take the average value.
7.5 Overspeed test
The tested transmission chain and the drive system are not mechanically connected, and the vibration sensor is arranged in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 35854, and the vibration sensor is driven by a frequency converter.
The generator that drives the tested drive chain runs in motor mode, and drives the drive chain to 1.2 times the rated speed of the drive chain for a duration of
2min. For the drive chain of a wind turbine with a speed-increasing gearbox, the vibration evaluation is carried out in accordance with the regulations of GB/T 35854.For direct drive
For the drive chain of a type wind turbine generator set, the vibration evaluation standard should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 25389.1.Check whether each part of the transmission chain
There is harmful deformation or damage.
7.6 No-load voltage distortion rate test
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected with the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the operating speed range.
The generator of the moving chain is applied externally or uses internal permanent magnets to generate the excitation excitation required for actual operation, and conducts appropriate power conversion to make the
The power output end of the test drive train produces a no-load voltage that meets the requirements of grid-connected operation.
At least 5 points are evenly distributed from the minimum operating speed of the transmission chain to the maximum operating speed, including the rated speed.
After the speed point is stable, use a power analyzer to measure the no-load line voltage on the grid-connected side of the wind turbine, and decompose the fundamental wave and 50 times or less
The content of each harmonic.
7.7 Vibration and noise sweep test
7.7.1 No-load vibration and noise sweep test
Layout of measuring points. According to GB/T 35854, the vibration sensor is arranged in the transmission chain.
Place the noise test probe at a position 1m away from the outer surface, with the direction facing the component under test.
The tested drive chain is not mechanically connected to the drive system, and the generator of the tested drive chain is driven by the frequency converter to run in the motor mode.
Drive the transmission chain to the minimum grid-connected operating speed of the transmission chain, and the spindle will increase the speed at a speed change rate of 0.1r/min until the maximum grid-connected operation.
When the speed is stable, reduce the speed to the minimum operating speed at the same speed change rate, and continuously record the vibration and noise of the speed corresponding to each test point
Data, analyze and process the sweep frequency vibration noise curve.
7.7.2 Load vibration and noise sweep test
Layout of measuring points. same as 7.7.1.
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected with the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the minimum operating speed, and the tested drive
The chain is connected to the grid, and the drive system drives the tested transmission chain to increase the speed at a speed change rate of 0.1r/min per minute of the main shaft.
The output power is adjusted synchronously with the speed-power curve required by the design of the power generator set, until the maximum grid-connected operating speed, and at the same speed after stabilization.
The speed change rate reduces the speed to the minimum grid-connected operating speed, and continuously records the vibration data, noise data and output corresponding to each test point at each speed.
Power, analyze and process the sweep frequency vibration curve and noise curve under the speed and power characteristics.
In the entire speed range, the deviation between the designed output power and the measured output power should not exceed 1% of the rated power.
7.8 Damping test
Direct drive models without gearboxes may not be subjected to this test.
Strain gauges are attached to the circumferential direction of the same cross-section at the non-stress concentration position of the tested drive chain at the high and low speed shafts to measure the torque, and the strain signals are not
Less than two channels, the dynamic error between each other should not be greater than 2% of the rated torque of the patch position in the entire power range; the drive system and the
The test drive chain is connected by a coupling and centered. Under the condition of stable operation at the speed corresponding to the load of more than 50%, the tested drive chain can be disconnected instantaneously.
At the same time, it cuts off the power of the drive system, so that the transmission shaft system produces free reciprocating torsional oscillation, and records its high and low speed shaft stress oscillation attenuation curve
The recording interval should be no more than 0.1s. Take the average of multiple measurements according to the above method, as shown in Figure 4.
7.10.2 Measuring point requirements
According to the requirements of GB/T 35854, the vibration sensor is arranged on the transmission chain; there is no stress concentration on the high-speed and low-speed shafts of the tested transmission chain
Strain gauges are attached to the circumferential direction of the same section to measure the torque, and the strain signals are not less than two channels, and the dynamic error between each other is in the entire power
The range should not be greater than 2% of the rated torque of the patch position; measure the voltage and current with a power analyzer at the grid point, and further analyze the active power
Parameters such as power and reactive power.
7.10.3 Test content
According to GB/T 18451.1, the wind power simulation software that can be used for product certification is used to obtain the average wind speed of the tested transmission chain as the rated wind speed.
The speed and turbulence intensity are the 10min input wind conditions under the design requirements of the wind turbine generator set, and the extreme operating gust wind conditions.
The test content should include transient grid connection process test at rated wind speed, fault shutdown test at rated wind speed, extreme operating gust test,
And the normal turbulent running test for 10 minutes at the steady-state rated wind speed. In the process of joint commissioning, check the operation of each subsystem, the main control system
The matching of the communication and control logic between the system and each subsystem, as well as the execution of the speed, torque and pitch of the tested drive chain. During the test
In the system, each subsystem should work normally, without abnormal noise, vibration, and failure to stop.
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected with the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the minimum grid-connected running speed.
After stabilization, the tested drive chain is connected to the grid. The drive system runs in the torque control mode, combined with the wind wheel simulation model and the simulation or semi-
The physical model is imported to simulate various input wind conditions, and the input shaft torque is used as the closed-loop feedback of the drive system, so that the input of the main shaft of the transmission chain reaches
To set torque. During the whole test process, after considering the influence of control delay, the deviation between the simulated torque of the input shaft and the actual measured torque of the input shaft should not be the same.
Exceeding 5% of the rated value.
Measure and record the power and generator torque fluctuations under the above transient conditions, and the power and generator torque under steady-state conditions
And analyze its variance, and the vibration of the transmission chain under various working conditions.
7.11 Power grid adaptability test
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected with the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the minimum operating speed, and the speed is stable
Later, the tested drive chain was connected to the grid. According to the speed-power characteristics of the tested transmission chain, within the range of 20%Pn~100%Pn, every interval of 20%Pn
Take a point to test the adaptability of the transmission chain under the given grid conditions.
According to GB/T 35854, the vibration sensor that meets the requirements is arranged in the transmission chain; the high-speed and low-speed rotating shaft of the tested transmission chain are not stressed.
Strain gauges are attached to the circumferential direction of the same section in the middle position to measure the torque. The strain signals are not less than two channels, and the dynamic error between each other is in the whole work
The rate range should not be greater than 2% of the rated torque at the location; use a power analyzer to measure parameters such as voltage and current at the point where the transmission chain is connected to the grid.
The requirements of the test equipment and the specific execution method of the test shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 36994.
7.12 Fault voltage ride-through capability test
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected with the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the minimum operating speed, and the speed is stable
Later, the tested drive chain was connected to the grid. According to the speed-power characteristics of the tested transmission chain, take 20%Pn and 100%Pn as the test points to test the transmission
The dynamic process of the chain in the case of fault voltage ride-through.
According to GB/T 35854, the vibration sensor that meets the requirements is arranged in the transmission chain; the high-speed and low-speed rotating shaft of the tested transmission chain are not stressed.
Strain gauges are attached to the circumferential direction of the same section in the middle position to measure the torque. The strain signals are not less than two channels, and the dynamic error between each other is in the whole work.
The rate range should not be greater than 2% of the rated torque at the location; use a power analyzer to measure parameters such as voltage and current at the point where the transmission chain is connected to the grid.
The requirements of the test equipment and the specific execution method of the test shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 36995.
7.13 Temperature rise test
When carrying out this test, the engine room cover should be installed, and the cooling and heat dissipation conditions of the engine room should be basically consistent with the actual operation on site.
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected with the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the minimum operating speed, and the speed is stable
After that, the tested drive chain is connected to the grid and raised to the rated speed, and the tested drive chain outputs the rated active power under the rated voltage.
The temperature readings of the gearbox oil at 15min intervals and the temperature of each part of the generator at 30min intervals change within 1K, and the temperature is considered stable.
Read the temperature of the environment outside the nacelle, main bearings, gearbox oil, generator bearings, generator windings and other sensitive locations in the nacelle space.
Connect the drive system and the tested drive chain through a coupling and center, output rated active power at 0.9pu voltage and rated speed
And the capacitive reactive power under cosφ=0.95, after long-term operation, it will be the gear box oil with 15min interval and the generator with 30min interval
The temperature reading of each part changes within 1K, and the temperature is considered stable. Read the environment outside the engine room, main bearings, gear box oil, generator bearings,
The temperature values of generator windings and other sensitive locations in the nacelle space.
7.14 Overload test
The tested drive chain is mechanically connected to the drive system, and the drive system drives the tested drive chain to run to the grid-connected speed.
The test drive chain is connected to the grid and raised to the rated speed to make the tested drive chain output 110% of the rated active power, keep it stable for 2 minutes, and measure 7.13
The temperature value of some temperature measurement points specified in the standard and the vibration conditions of the measurement points required by GB/T 35854 are used to measure the gearbox noise.
8 Inspection rules
The drive chain test items specified in this standard are not mandatory requirements for the factory test or type test of wind turbines, and can be used as manufacturing
The reference method used by vendors or users to test and verify product technical indicators. The demand side can implement the test items in this standard according to the actual situation.
All or part.
9 Test report content
9.1 Test information
The test report should contain the following information.
a) Description of the subject.
1) Wind turbine manufacturer, model, serial number, and production date;
2) Wind wheel speed range;
3) Generator operating point (speed/power);
4) Cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed and rated wind speed;
5) The software version number of the converter and main control system;
6) Description of grid connection conditions of wind turbines, including voltage, frequency and allowable deviation range;
7) Type of wind turbine.
b) Description of the test environment.
1) The power and speed range of the drive system;
2) The short-circuit capacity of the grid-connected point of the tested wind turbine drive chain;
3) Efficiency test method;
4) Software for semi-physical simulation test.
c) Description of test equipment and instruments.
1) Information about test equipment and instruments;
2) Test equipment calibration certificate.
d) Description of the test process.
1) Test items;
2) Explanation of parameters and symbols in the report;
3) Information such as report preparation, review, approval and issuance date.
9.2 Summary of test results
The test result summary information should be given in the test report, and the test result information summary table can refer to Appendix A.
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