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GB/T 36237-2023: Wind energy generation systems - Generic electrical simulation models
Status: Valid GB/T 36237: Evolution and historical versions
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Wind energy generation systems - Generic electrical simulation models
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GB/T 36237-2023
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| GB/T 36237-2018 | English | RFQ |
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Wind turbines -- Electrical simulation models
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 36237-2023 (GB/T36237-2023) | | Description (Translated English) | Wind energy generation systems - Generic electrical simulation models | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F11 | | Classification of International Standard | 27.180 | | Word Count Estimation | 82,871 | | Date of Issue | 2023-05-23 | | Date of Implementation | 2023-05-23 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 36237-2018 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 36237-2023: Wind energy generation systems - Generic electrical simulation models---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 27:180
CCSF11
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB/T 36237-2018
General Electric Simulation Model of Wind Power Generation System
Released on 2023-05-23
2023-05-23 implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Management Committee
table of contents
Preface VII
Introduction VIII
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions, Abbreviations, Subscripts 1
3:1 Terms and Definitions 1
3:2 Abbreviations and subscripts 4
4 Symbols and units6
4:1 Overview 6
4:2 Symbols (units) 7
5 Model Function Specification 9
5:1 General requirements 9
5:2 Wind turbine model 10
5:3 Wind farm model 10
6 The overall structure of the model 11
6:1 General 11
6:2 Wind turbine model 11
6:3 Auxiliary equipment model 21
6:4 Wind farm model 22
7 Submodule structure 25
7:1 General 25
7:2 Pneumatic modules 26
7:3 Mechanical system module 28
7:4 Generator and converter system modules 29
7:5 Electrical Equipment Module 33
7:6 Pitch control module 34
7:7 Generator and converter control modules 36
7:8 Grid interface module 46
7:9 Wind Farm Control Module 48
7:10 Communication Module 51
7:11 Electrical components module 52
Appendix A (Informative) Calculation of Model Parameters of Power Collection System 53
A:1 Overview 53
A:2 Implementation method 53
A:3 Example 54
Appendix B (informative) Two-dimensional aerodynamic model 57
B:1 Overview 57
B:2 Wind speed input model 57
B:3 Power Input Module Parameters 58
Appendix C (Informative) Power Generation System Model Based on External Impedance 59
Appendix D (Normative) Module Symbol Library 62
D:1 Overview 62
D:2 Switch 62
D:3 Time step delay 62
D:4 Rate limiting 62
D:5 First-order filters 63
D:6 Lookup tables 64
D:7 Comparator 64
D:8 Timer 64
D:9 Anti-Water Integrator 65
D:10 Integrator with reset function 66
D:11 Clip detection first-order filter 66
D:12 Rising edge detection 66
D:13 Falling edge detection 67
D:14 Delay flag bit 67
D:15 Variable delay flag bit 68
D:16 Dead zone 69
D:17 Circuit breakers 69
References 70
Figure 1 IEEE/CIGRE Stability Terms and Definitions Joint Working Group's Classification of Power System StabilityⅧ
Figure 2 General architecture of wind turbine model11
Fig: 3 Model structure of type 1A wind turbine 12
Fig: 4 Model structure of type 1B wind turbine 13
Fig: 5 Model structure of type 2 wind turbine 14
Fig: 6 Model structure of 3A and 3B wind turbines 15
Fig: 7 3A and 3B model generator control module structure 16
Figure 8 Model structure of type 4A wind turbine 18
Figure 9 Structure of 4A model generator control module 18
Figure 10 Model structure of type 4B wind turbine 19
Figure 11 Structure of 4B model generator control module 20
Figure 12 Static Var Generator model structure 21
Figure 13 Static Var Generator Converter Control Module Structure 21
Figure 14 General structure of wind farm model 22
Figure 15 General architecture of wind farm control and communication model 23
Fig: 16 Simplified single-line diagram of wind farm aggregation model 24
Fig: 17 Single line diagram of wind farm model with reactive power compensation 25
Fig:18 Block diagram of constant aerodynamic torque model 27
Figure 19 One-dimensional aerodynamic model block diagram 27
Figure 20 Block diagram of 2D aerodynamic model 28
Fig: 21 Block diagram of double-mass model 29
Fig: 22 Model block diagram of 3A type power generation system 30
Figure 23 Model block diagram of 3B type power generation system 31
Figure 24 Block diagram of type 4 power generation system model 32
Figure 25 Coordinate transformation model block diagram 33
Figure 26 Electrical equipment γ equivalent model single line diagram 33
Figure 27 Block diagram of pitch control power model 34
Fig: 28 Block diagram of pitch angle control model 35
Fig: 29 Block diagram of rotor resistance control model 36
Figure 30 Type 3 active power control model block diagram 38
Fig: 31 Block diagram of type 3 torque PI control model 39
Figure 32 Block diagram of 4A type active power control model 40
Figure 33 Block Diagram of Type 4B Active Power Control Model 41
Figure 34 Block Diagram of Reactive Power Control Model 43
Figure 35 Block Diagram of Current Limiting Model 45
Figure 36 Block diagram of constant reactive power limiting model 45
Figure 37 QP and QU clipping model block diagram 46
Figure 38 Block Diagram of Grid Protection Model 47
Figure 39 uf measurement model block diagram 48
Fig: 40 Block diagram of wind farm active power/frequency control model 49
Fig: 41 Block diagram of wind farm reactive voltage control model 51
Figure 42 Block Diagram of Communication Delay Model 51
Fig: 43 Block diagram of linear communication model with N communication variables 52
Figure A:1 Example of wind farm power collection system 55
Figure B:1 Fan aerodynamic model proposed in reference [21] 57
Figure C:1 Model Block Diagram of Type 3A Generating System with Parallel Impedance 59
Figure C:2 Model Block Diagram of Type 3B Power Generation System Containing Parallel Impedance 60
Figure C:3 Block Diagram of Type 4 Power Generation System Model with Parallel Impedance 61
Figure D:1 switch symbol 62
Figure D:2 Single integration time step delay symbol 62
Figure D:3 Rate limiting module symbol 62
Figure D:4 Realization block diagram of rate limiting module 63
Figure D:5 First-order filter symbols with clipping, rate-limiting, and freezing flags 63
Figure D:6 Implementation block diagram of a first-order filter with amplitude limiting, rate limiting, and freezing flag bits 63
Figure D:7 Freezing state execution block diagram without filtering function (T=0) 64
Figure D:8 Lookup table symbol 64
Figure D:9 Comparator symbol 64
Figure D:10 Timer symbol 64
Figure D:11 Timer function 65
Figure D:12 Anti-windup integrator symbol 65
Figure D:13 Anti-integral saturator implementation block diagram 65
Figure D:14 Integrator symbol 66 with reset function
Figure D:15 Clipping detection first-order filter symbol 66
Figure D:16 Implementation block diagram of the first-order filter for clipping detection 66
Figure D:17 Rising edge detection symbol 67
Figure D:18 Rising edge detection block diagram 67
Figure D:19 Falling edge detection symbol 67
Figure D:20 Falling edge detection block diagram 67
Figure D:21 Delay flag symbol 67
Figure D:22 Implementation block diagram of delay flag bit 68
Figure D:23 Variable delay flag symbol 68
Figure D:24 Implementation block diagram of variable delay flag bit 68
Figure D:25 dead zone symbol 69
Figure D:26 Circuit breaker symbol 69
Table 1 Type 1A model sub-module 13
Table 2 Type 1B model sub-module 13
Table 3 Type 2 model submodule 15
Table 4 Type 3A model sub-module 16
Table 5 Type 3B model sub-module 17
Table 6 Type 4A model sub-module 19
Table 7 Type 4B model sub-module 20
Table 8 Static Var Generator model sub-module 22
Table 9 Wind farm control and communication model sub-module 23
Table 10 Basic model sub-modules of wind farms 24
Table 11 Submodules of wind farm model with reactive power compensation 25
Table 12 Global parameters 26
Table 13 Initialization variables in the block diagram of the module 26
Table 14 Parameters of one-dimensional aerodynamic model Table 27
Table 15 Two-dimensional aerodynamic model parameters Table 27
Table 16 Double-mass model parameters Table 28
Table 17 Model Parameters of Type 3A Power Generation System Table 29
Table 18 Model Parameters of Type 3B Power Generation System Table 30
Table 19 Model Parameters of Type 4 Power Generation System Table 32
Table 20 Reference coordinate system transformation model parameters table 32
Table 21 Electrical Equipment Model Parameters Table 33
Table 22 Pitch Control Power Model Parameters Table 34
Table 23 Parameters of pitch angle control model Table 35
Table 24 Rotor Resistance Control Model Parameters Table 36
Table 25 Type 3 Active Power Control Model Parameters Table 36
Table 26 Type 4A Active Power Control Model Parameters Table 39
Table 27 Parameters of Type 4B Active Power Control Model Table 40
Table 28 Conventional reactive power control mode MqG 41
Table 29 Low voltage ride through reactive power control mode MqFRT 41
Table 30 Reactive power control model parameters Table 42
Table 31 FFRT flag bit description 44
Table 32 Current Limiting Model Parameters Table 44
Table 33 Constant reactive power limiting model parameters Table 45
Table 34 QP and QU clipping model parameters Table 46
Table 35 Grid Protection Model Parameters Table 46
Table 36 Grid Measurement Model Parameters Table 48
Table 37 Parameter list of active power/frequency control model 49
Table 38 Reactive power and voltage control model parameters Table 50
Table 39 Communication delay model parameters Table 51
Table 40 Linear communication model parameter list 52
Table A:1 Line parameters and aggregation calculation (data per unit value uses wind farm-level reference value) 55
Table A:2 Transformer model parameters 55
Table A:3 Collection system model parameters 56
Table B:1 Function ∂pω(ν0) Calculation Table 58
Table B:2 Parameter List of Wind Speed Input Module 58
foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1:1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules for Standardization Documents"
drafting:
This document replaces GB/T 36237-2018 "Electrical Simulation Model of Wind Turbine Generating Sets": Compared with GB/T 36237-2018, except
Apart from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows:
a) The terms and definitions of "quasi-steady state of the system", "reaction time", "response time", "stabilization time", "transient interval" and "unbalance degree" are deleted
meaning (see 3:1 of the:2018 edition);
b) Added "Power Equipment", "Grid Variables", "Generator Symbol Convention", "Auxiliary Equipment", "High Voltage Ride Through", "Fault Ride Through" and "Basic
Terms and definitions of "unit", "extensible interface", "access point" and "module" (see 3:1);
c) Increased the functional specifications of the wind farm model (see 5:3);
d) Added specifications for auxiliary equipment model and wind farm model structure (see 6:3, 6:4);
e) Added specifications for grid interface module, wind farm control module, communication module and electrical component module (see 7:8~7:11):
This document identically adopts IEC 61400-27-1:2020 "Wind Power Generation System Part 27-1: General Model for Electrical Simulation Model":
The following minimal editorial changes have been made to this document:
--- In order to coordinate with existing standards, change the name of the standard to "General Electrical Simulation Model of Wind Power Generation System":
Please note that some contents of this document may refer to patents: The issuing agency of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents:
This document is proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation:
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Wind Power Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC50):
This document was drafted by: China Electric Power Research Institute Co:, Ltd:, Northeast Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Shanghai Electric Wind Power Group Co:, Ltd:
Co:, Ltd:, Zhejiang Yunda Wind Power Co:, Ltd:, State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co:, Ltd:, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation Haizhuang Wind Power Co:, Ltd:
Co:, Ltd:, Xinjiang Goldwind Technology Co:, Ltd:, CRRC Shandong Wind Power Co:, Ltd:, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Technology (China) Co:, Ltd:
Co:, Ltd:, Guodian United Power Technology Co:, Ltd:, Longyuan Power Group Co:, Ltd:, Dongfang Electric Wind Power Co:, Ltd:, State Grid Mountain
Western Provincial Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Inner Mongolia Eastern Electric Power Co:, Ltd: Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co:, Ltd:
Division Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co:, Ltd: Electric Power Research Institute, Sungrow Power Supply Co:, Ltd:, China Quality Certification
Center, Mingyang Smart Energy Group Co:, Ltd:, State Grid Sichuan Comprehensive Energy Service Co:, Ltd:, State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co:, Ltd: Electric Power Division
Research Institute, CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute Co:, Ltd:, Envision Energy Co:, Ltd:, Beijing Huizhi Tianhua New Energy Technology Co:, Ltd:,
State Power Investment Group Co:, Ltd:, Zhejiang University, Shenzhen Hopewind Electric Co:, Ltd:, Huize Yuneng Investment New Energy Development Co:, Ltd:
company:
The main drafters of this document: Qin Shiyao, Li Shaolin, He Jing, Zhang Hongpeng, Zhu Zhiquan, Yang Jing, Sun Mingyi, Du Wei, Yan Hong, Tian Jiabin, Li Yue,
Wang Shuaijie, Liu Junqi, Liu Shihong, Zhang Min, Yang Pengwei, Ma Junchao, Li Dexin, Liang Xinxin, Kang Wei, Tang Binwei, Guo Jiangtao, Miao Fenglin, Huang Rui,
Deng Jun, Zhao Wei, Qu Chunhui, Zang Xiaodi, Zhang Mei, Yang Yanxia, Zhang Songtao, Shi Junwei, Liu Yixing, An Shaoru, Zhao Bingjie, Yan Liying, Zhang Chong, Wu Lijian,
Li Dongpo, Zhu Lin, Liu Xia, Hua Bin, Zhao Dengli, Wei Xiaoyu:
This document was first published in:2018, and this is the first revision:
Introduction
This document specifies a standard dynamic electrical simulation model for wind turbines and wind farms: Wind turbine models can be used in wind power
farms or independent distributed wind turbines: In addition to the wind turbine model, the wind farm model may contain auxiliary equipment commonly used in wind farms:
equipment models, such as static var generators:
With the increasing penetration of wind power in the power system, transmission system operators (TSOs) and distribution system operators (DSOs)
The dynamic model of wind power system needs to be used for power system stability analysis: Models built by wind turbine manufacturers are capable of simulating
However, it is not suitable for the stability analysis of large-scale wind power connected to the power system: Because detailed manufacturer-proprietary models do not
It will only increase the complexity of the system, increase the simulation time, and require a large amount of input data:
This document specifies a general dynamic model for wind power systems that can be used for power system stability analysis: American Electrical and Electronics Engineer
Stability terms and definitions [11] 1) The joint working group of the Association and the International Large Grid Organization (IEEE/CIGRE) analyzed the power system stability:
class, as shown in Figure 1:
Figure 1 The classification of power system stability by the IEEE/CIGRE Stability Terms and Definitions Joint Working Group[11]
Based on the above classification, the model is suitable for the study of large-disturbance short-term stability of wind power generation, such as short-term voltage stability, short-term frequency stability, etc:
and the short-term transient power angle stabilization in Figure 1: Therefore, the model is suitable for dynamic simulation of power system events, such as short circuit (low voltage breakdown
more), off-line or load shedding [12], system disconnection, etc:
The general electrical simulation model should be able to characterize the dynamic characteristics of the wind farm access point (hereinafter referred to as "grid connection point") and the output of the wind turbine:
At the same time, it is suitable for the simulation research of large power grids: Therefore, the simplified model should be able to characterize the typical response of the existing technology:
Note: The wind farm access point is also called the grid connection point of the wind farm:
The electrical simulation model specified in this document is mainly aimed at the wind turbine fundamental frequency positive sequence 2) model, which has the following limitations:
1) Numbers in square brackets cite references:
2) This document covers both symmetrical and asymmetrical faults, but only the positive sequence component of the fundamental frequency is specified for asymmetrical faults:
---The model is not suitable for long-term stability analysis:
--- The model is not suitable for studying subsynchronous problems:
---The model is not suitable for studying fluctuations caused by changes in wind speed in time and space, that is, the model does not cover turbulence, tower shadow, wind shear
Change, wake:
--- The model is not suitable for the study of harmonics, flicker, or other electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) disturbances in the IEC 61400 series standards:
---Wind power generation system is a highly nonlinear system, the simplified model of the system in this document is not suitable for model small signal stability
Analysis of eigenvalue calculations:
--- This document does not involve short-circuit calculation characteristics:
---The model is not suitable for studying the island operation of wind turbines without synchronous generators:
---The model is not suitable for scenarios where the short-circuit ratio is less than 3: The short-circuit current limit depends on the wind turbine type, control mode and its
he set: When the wind turbine manufacturer can specify a lower short-circuit ratio application scenario, the application scenario should be based on IEC 61400-
27-2 for verification:
--- The model is limited to the functional specifications in Chapter 5:
The following stakeholders are potential users of the models in this document:
---The transmission system operator and the distribution system operator are the end users of the model, which are used to plan and dispatch the power system in operation
system stability analysis;
---The wind farm developer is generally obliged to provide the simulation model of the wind farm to the power grid company before the wind farm is connected to the grid for trial operation;
---Wind turbine manufacturers generally provide wind turbine models to wind farm developers;
--- The development unit of power system simulation tool software uses this document to establish a standard wind turbine simulation model in the software library;
---A certification body that independently conducts model verification of wind turbines;
---Consulting agencies use the model on behalf of grid companies and/or wind farm developers;
--- Due to the confidentiality of the manufacturer's proprietary model, education and research groups can use this document for modeling:
General Electric Simulation Model of Wind Power Generation System
1 Scope
This document specifies a standard electrical simulation model for wind turbines and wind farms: The models involved are applied to power system stability
The analyzed positive sequence simulation model in time domain is suitable for dynamic simulation of power system short-term stability:
This document defines common terms and parameters for electrical simulation models:
This document specifies electrical simulation models for common topologies/configurations of wind farms: The wind farm model mainly includes wind turbines, wind farm
Control and auxiliary equipment: The wind farm model is described in a modular manner, which can be applied to wind farms and different types of wind turbines:
This document specifies electrical simulation models for the general topology/design/configuration of wind turbines: The purpose of the model is to characterize the wind turbine
The electrical characteristics of the unit: The wind turbine model is described in a modular way, which can be applied to different types of wind turbines: wind power
The fleet model can be used to model wind farms or stand-alone distributed wind turbines:
The electrical simulation models specified in this document are independent of any software simulation tools:
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text: Among them, dated references
For documents, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to
this document:
Note: GB/T 2900:53-2001 Electrotechnical Terminology Wind Turbine Generating Sets (idtIEC 60050-415:1999):
3 Terms and Definitions, Abbreviations, Subscripts
3:1 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in IEC 60050-415 and the following apply to this document:
3:1:1
auxiliary equipment auxiliary equipment
Static Var Generators or other equipment that assists wind turbines in wind farms:
3:1:2
Available power availablepower
Maximum available power taking into account wind speed, power class, rotor speed limitations, and pitch angle constraints:
Note: The pneumatic power cannot be greater than the available power:
3:1:3
base unit baseunit
The unit of the parameter value, the unit of the per unit value is pu, and the unit of the famous value is the physical unit:
3:1:4
Fault ride through
When the grid fault or disturbance causes voltage drop or rise, within a certain voltage drop or rise range and time interval, wind power generation
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