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GB/T 35080-2018: Safety of machinery -- Relationship of type-B and type-C standards to GB/T 15706
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Safety of machinery -- Relationship of type-B and type-C standards to GB/T 15706
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 35080-2018 (GB/T35080-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Safety of machinery -- Relationship of type-B and type-C standards to GB/T 15706 | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J09 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.110 | | Word Count Estimation | 16,128 | | Date of Issue | 2018-05-14 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-12-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Announcement No. 6 of 2018 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 35080-2018: Safety of machinery -- Relationship of type-B and type-C standards to GB/T 15706---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Safety of machinery -- Relationship of type-B and type-C standards to GB/T 15706
ICS 13.110
J09
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Machinery Safety Class B and Class C Standards and
The relationship of GB/T 15706
GB/T 15706
(ISO /T R22100-1.2015, Safetyofmachinery-RelationshipwithISO 12100-
Part 1.HowISO 12100relatestotype-Bandtype-Cstandards,MOD)
Released on.2018-05-14
2018-12-01 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the Standardization Administration of China
directory
Preface III
Introduction IV
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 General structure of machinery safety standard system 1
5 Types A, B and C standard systems 2
5.1 Class A standard (GB/T 15706) 2
5.2 Class B Standard 5
5.3 Class C Standard 5
6 Practical application of GB/T 15706, B-type standard and C-type standard in mechanical design and make the machine
Achieving an acceptable risk level6
6.1 Overview 6
6.2 Use of appropriate Type C standards7
7 Reference guide to relevant Class B machinery safety standards8
Appendix A (Informative) Iterative Process for Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction 10
Reference 11
Machinery Safety Class B and Class C Standards and
The relationship of GB/T 15706
1 Scope
This standard specifies how the designers/manufacturers of machinery and its associated components apply the Class A, Class B and
Guidance for Type C standards so that an acceptable level of risk can be achieved through adequate risk reduction measures during the design of the machine.
This standard gives the general principles of GB/T 15706 and how to comprehensively use GB/T 15706 and Class B standards in practice.
Type C standard.
This standard also gives the relevant standardization technical committee's understanding of how GB/T 15706 relates to Type B and Type C standards.
Guidelines, and explain the role of these B standards and C standards when performing risk assessment and risk reduction in accordance with GB/T 15706.
This standard also gives a general overview of the different types of Type B standards available to assist standard users and standard drafters in finding these
some standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article
pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 15706-2012 General Principles of Mechanical Safety Design Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction (ISO 12100.2010, IDT)
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 15706-2012 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
adequate risk reduction adequateriskreduction
At least as required by laws and regulations, and taking into account the risk reduction of the current state of the art.
Note. Rewrite GB/T 15706-2012, definition 3.18.
3.2
acceptable risk tolerablerisk
The level of risk that is acceptable under given conditions, based on current societal values.
NOTE. "Acceptable risk" and "Tolerable risk" are considered synonymous.
Note. Rewrite GB/T 20002.4-2015, definition 3.15.
4 General structure of machinery safety standard system
The machinery safety standard is structured as follows.
--- Type A standard (basic safety standard) gives the basic concepts, design principles and general characteristics that can be applied to all machinery safety.
standard;
--- Class B standard (general safety standard) specifies a safety feature of machinery or a class of safety devices that can be used in a wide range of applications.
standard;
--- Class C standard (machine product safety standard) is a standard that specifies detailed safety requirements for a specific machine or group of machines.
As shown in Figure 1, GB/T 15706 is a Class A standard that specifies the general principles of machinery safety and applies to all machinery.
5 Types A, B and C standard systems
5.1 Class A Standard (GB/T 15706)
Class A standard GB/T 15706 specifies the principles of machinery safety strategy. Risk assessment and adequate risk assessment through an iterative three-step approach
Risk reduction is a necessary measure to bring the designed machine to an acceptable level of risk.
For risk assessment and risk reduction, the designer should take actions in the following order (see Figure 2).
a) determine the limitations of the machinery, including intended use and any reasonably foreseeable misuse;
b) identification of hazards and their associated hazardous states;
c) estimate the risk for each identified hazard and hazardous state;
d) evaluate the risks and decide whether they need to be mitigated;
e) Eliminate the hazard or reduce the risk associated with the hazard through protective measures/risk reduction measures.
Note 1.In this standard, "protective measures" (see GB/T 15706-2012, 3.19) and "risk reduction measures" are synonymous, referring to any
and/or measures or methods to reduce risk.
The measures a) to d) are related to risk assessment, and the measures e) are related to risk reduction.
Risk assessment is a series of logical steps to identify, estimate and evaluate machinery-related risks in a systematic way.
The results of the risk assessment identify hazards that require risk reduction. In order to achieve an acceptable level of risk, the risk assessment is repeated
The process is important for eliminating new hazards arising from the use of protective measures/risk reduction measures, and for taking practicable or sufficient measures to reduce
Associated risks are necessary.
A protective measure/risk reduction measure is a combination of measures taken by the designer and user according to Figure 3.Actions that can be taken during the design phase
Actions take precedence over actions taken by users and are generally more effective.
The ultimate goal is to minimize risk. The strategies specified in this chapter are presented in Figure 2.The process itself is iterative, and for
To take full advantage of the available technology to reduce risk, it is necessary to perform this procedure several times in succession. When doing this process, it is necessary to follow the following sequence
Consider four factors.
--- the safety of the machine at all stages of its life cycle;
--- the ability of the machine to perform its function;
--- the ease of use of the machine;
--- The cost of manufacturing, running and dismantling the machine.
5.2 Class B Standards
5.2.1 Overview
According to GB/T 15706, Type B standard involves a safety feature of machinery (Type B1 standard) or a type of safety device with a wider scope of application
set (B2 standard). Class B standards are intended to support the principles in GB/T 15706 to.
--- Help to determine whether there is a danger, such as GB/T 23821 "Mechanical safety to prevent the upper and lower limbs from touching the safety distance of the danger zone";
--- Provide specific information/measures for risk reduction, such as GB/T 8196 "Fixed and movable mechanical safety guards"
General requirements for the design and manufacture of protective devices.
5.2.2 Type B1 standard
Category B1 standards address specific safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise) and specify through data and/or methods how to deal with
these security aspects. The designer/manufacturer can use the Type B1 standard directly, or by using the Type C standard, including the relevant verification methods
citations to use the B1 category standard.
5.2.3 Type B2 standard
Class B2 standards specify the design and manufacture of specific safety guards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocks, pressure-sensitive guards, guards
setting) performance requirements. The designer/manufacturer may use the Type B2 standard either directly or through a reference to the Type C standard. In addition to performance requirements
In addition, the B2 standard may also stipulate corresponding verification measures.
5.3 Type C standard
5.3.1 Overview
According to GB/T 15706, Class C standards detail the safety requirements for a specific machine or group of machines.
Note. The term "machine group" refers to the intended use, danger, hazardous state or hazardous events are similar machinery.
Class C standards are machine-specific and their scope defines the limits of the machine and the significant hazards covered.
Class C standards are defined by the availability of machine design (intended use), actual use of the machine, accident history and health records, available risk reduction techniques
and technical experts (especially from the machine manufacturer) with knowledge of the legal and regulatory requirements (placement on the market) for the intended use of the machine
and health and safety agency experts).
Class C standards address all significant hazards for a particular machine by.
--- Reference to the relevant Type B standard;
--- References to other standards (such as Category C standards) that adequately address these significant hazards;
--- When other standards cannot be cited or are insufficiently cited, and the risk assessment and its significance indicate the need, in the standard
Safety requirements specified in;
--- As far as possible to specify the goal, rather than specifying the design in detail, so as to minimize the restrictions on the design.
5.3.2 Contents of Type C Standards
The Type C standard specifies the following.
--- Scope (mechanical limitations);
--- Significant danger;
--- Requirements for major hazard protection measures/risk reduction measures, these measures are supplements to the relevant chapters of GB/T 15706;
--- Methods of verifying protective measures/risk reduction measures.
NOTE. Where possible, the Class C standard addresses all significant hazards, hazardous states or hazardous events identified based on the use of the machine. When the Class C standard deals with one or more
There may be exceptions to this comprehensive treatment of a major hazard, hazardous state or hazardous event when the hazard is of sufficient importance and requires special handling. When the Class C label
When the standard involves specific hazards, it is clearly indicated in the standard name and scope (such as "Measurement of Safety Noise of Textile Machinery"). When it is determined not to involve all
Significant hazards, hazardous states or hazardous events (eg due to lack of relevant knowledge or because this would result in unacceptable delays in the drafting of the standard), also need to be included in the scope
clearly stated.
It is the basic principle that Type C standards contain supplements to the relevant requirements of existing Type A standards and Type B standards. Supplements usually include
Description of specific protective measures/risk reduction measures to deal with a significant hazard, hazardous state or hazardous event. However, this may also include
References to standards or other standards.
5.3.3 Deviation between Type C and Type B standards
Due to the variety of machinery, the Class C standard may violate one or more of the technical requirements of the Class B standard. In this case, the existing
Type C standards take precedence over Type B standards.
6 Practical application of GB/T 15706, Class B and Class C standards in mechanical design and make the machine acceptable through sufficient risk reduction
risk level
6.1 Overview
Type A, B and C standards in the standard system are used to provide designers and manufacturers with an
A method for bringing the developed machinery to an acceptable level of risk.
Figure 4 shows the recommended steps for the actual use of GB/T 15706 and the existing Type B standards and Type C standards in the standard system.
The corresponding Type C standard should be looked up.
Step 2 --- Check the scope
If there is a corresponding Class C standard for the machine, the designer/manufacturer needs to carefully check that the scope of the Class C standard is within the mechanical limits
Whether the aspect fully covers the actual machine (this corresponds to GB/T 15706-2012, 5.3).
Step 3 - Check for Major Hazards According to Class C Standards
If the results of step 2 indicate that there is a corresponding Class C standard for this machine, the designer/manufacturer needs to double check the Class C standard
Whether the use of the actual machine and all associated significant hazards are covered (this corresponds to GB/T 15706-2012, 5.4). In addition, the designer also
It needs to be carefully checked whether the protective measures/risk reduction measures specified in this C standard are applicable to this machine.
Note 1.This process has covered risk estimation (see GB/T 15706-2012, 5.5). Therefore, for significant hazards covered by Class C standards, the designer/manufacturer
Manufacturers no longer have to make separate risk estimates.
Step 4A - Adopt Type C Standard
If steps 2 and 3 are met, the protective measures/risk reduction measures specified in the Type C standard should be applied (this corresponds to
GB/T 15706-2012, Chapter 6).
The machine is considered acceptable with sufficient risk reduction by applying the protective measures/risk reduction measures specified in the Class C standard.
risk.
Next go to step 5.
Step 4B—Apply the Class C standard, identify all machine components outside the scope of the Class C standard and identify associated additional hazards, hazards
Status or Hazardous Event
If one or both of steps 2 and 3 are not met, the designer/manufacturer should, according to the chosen (appropriate) Class C standard,
Determine which parts of the machine and/or significant hazards, hazardous states or hazardous events need to be considered.
For machine parts and/or significant hazards, hazardous states or hazardous events not covered by the selected (appropriate) Category C standard, the
GB/T 15706 (see Figure 2), combined with the relevant Class B standards for risk assessment and risk reduction.
Next go to step 5.
Step 4C---Conduct risk assessment and risk reduction according to GB/T 15706 in combination with Class B standards
If the machine does not have a corresponding Class C standard, the risk assessment and risk reduction shall be carried out according to GB/T 15706 (see Figure 2).
Risk assessment and risk reduction can be accomplished using the appropriate Category C criteria.
GB/T 16856 gives examples of implementation guidelines and methods for risk assessment.
In addition, category B1 standards (such as ISO 13732-1) help to evaluate hazardous conditions.
For major hazards, hazardous states or hazardous events identified by the risk assessment, the corresponding B1 and B2 standards may be used to
Prescribe effective measures for risk reduction.
Note 2.In order to facilitate the search for the corresponding Class B standard, Chapter 7 gives an overview of the Class B standard based on the hazard category.
In addition, the designer/manufacturer may specify other protective measures/risk reduction measures according to existing safety standards.
As a result of this process, it can be assumed that the design of the machine achieves an acceptable level with sufficient risk reduction.
Next go to step 5.
Step 5 --- Documentation
Detailed documentation of how steps 1 to 4 are carried out should show that the machine is designed to be acceptable with sufficient risk reduction
level of acceptance.
7 Reference guide to relevant Class B machinery safety standards
Machinery suppliers should identify and apply appropriate Class B safety standards. Category B criteria can be grouped according to the type or subject of the hazard.
The standard system presented in Figure 5 facilitates the citation of standards.
NOTE. Figure 5 gives a major overview of existing Type B standards, but is not a complete list of all existing Type B standards. The Type B standards cited in Figure 5 are found in ref.
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