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GB/T 26548.1-2018: Hand-held portable power tools -- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission -- Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders
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Hand-held portable power tools -- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission -- Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 26548.1-2018 (GB/T26548.1-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Hand-held portable power tools -- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission -- Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J48 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.160; 25.140.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 26,218 | | Date of Issue | 2018-02-06 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-09-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 26548.1-2018: Hand-held portable power tools -- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission -- Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders
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Hand-held portable power tools--Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission--Part 1. Angle and vertical grinders
ICS 13.160; 25.140.10
J48
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Handheld portable power tool vibration test method
Part 1. Angle and face grinders
emission-Part 1.Angleandverticalgrinders
(ISO 28927-1.2009, IDT)
Published on.2018-02-06
2018-09-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword I
Introduction II
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols 1
4 Basic criteria and vibration test methods 2
5 description of the machine type 3
6 Vibration characteristics description 5
7 Instrument Requirements 8
8 Machine test and operating conditions 8
9 Measurement procedures and effectiveness of measurements 12
10 Test Report 12
Appendix A (informative) Angle and end type grinder vibration test report format 14
Appendix B (Normative Appendix) Determination of Uncertainty 16
Appendix C (Normative Appendix) Design of test wheel 17
Reference 23
Foreword
GB/T 26548 "Handheld Portable Power Tools Vibration Test Method" is divided into the following parts.
--- Part 1. Angle and end face grinders;
--- Part 2. air trigger, nut wrench and screwdriver;
---Part 3. Polishing machines, rotary, slide and duplex sanders;
--- Part 4. Straight shank grinders;
--- Part 5. Drills and impact drills;
--- Part 6. Compaction machine;
--- Part 7. Punching machine and scissors;
--- Part 8. Reciprocating saws, polishers and boring tools and small pendulum or rotary saws;
---Part 9. Descaling hammer and needle beam rust remover;
---Part 10. Impact rock drills, hammers and crushers;
--- Part 11. Stone hammer;
--- Part 12. Mold grinder.
This part is the first part of GB/T 26548.
This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part uses the translation method equivalent to ISO 28927-1.2009 "Handheld portable power tools vibration test method Part 1.
Angle and end grinders.
The documents of our country that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents referenced in this part are as follows.
---GB/T 5621-2008 Rock drill machinery and pneumatic tools performance test method (ISO 2787. 1984, MOD)
--- GB/T 6247.1-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terms - Part 1. Rock drilling machines, pneumatic tools and
Pneumatic machinery (ISO 5391.2003, MOD)
This section has made the following editorial changes.
--- Convert "bar" in the international standard to "MPa" (1 bar = 0.1 MPa).
This part was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Standardization Technical Committee for Rock Drilling Machinery and Pneumatic Tools (SAC/TC173).
This section drafted by. Zhangzhou Fangyuan Testing Co., Ltd., Tianshui Rock Drilling Machinery Pneumatic Tools Research Institute, Dongguan Institute of Technology.
The main drafters of this section. Zheng Sulu, Wang Jianzu, Zhou Yirong, Wang Xiangping, Li Guijie, Zheng Microwave.
Introduction
This document is a Class C standard as defined in ISO 12100.
For machines designed and manufactured in accordance with the requirements of Class C standards, the requirements for Class C standards are different from those for Class A or Class B standards.
When the requirements in the C standard are better than other standards.
General technical conditions for hand-held and hand-guided mechanical vibration radiation measurements are given in GB/T 25631, which is based on GB/T 26548.
Based on the vibration test method of the hand-held portable machine, as well as the operation of the machine under the type test conditions and the performance of the type test
Other requirements. The standard structure and chapter number are consistent with GB/T 25631.
This part adopts the sensor basic positioning method adopted for the first time in the European series standard EN60745, due to continuity reasons.
The description is inconsistent with GB/T 25631. The sensor is preferably placed close to the area between the thumb and forefinger of the hand because this position is
The operator has minimal interference with the machine.
It has been found that the vibration generated by the grinder in normal use varies greatly, which is largely due to the imbalance of the installed grinder.
Caused by changes in degrees. The wear of the grinding wheel during use also changes its imbalance.
In order to provide a test method that gives better reproducibility measurements, this part of GB/T 26548 uses a
It is known that the unbalanced test wheel is mounted on the machine and the working process running under no-load conditions is used for the test. Different forms of test wheels
The degree of imbalance is selected as much as possible according to the vibration value specified in GB/T 25631. Workplace vibration exposure is assessed using GB/T 14790
program.
For machines that use technology to automatically reduce the imbalance, the vibration of such machines is considered, considering that its vibration is underestimated.
The value is multiplied by a correction factor of 1.3.
The value obtained is the type test value used to represent the average of the upper quartiles of the typical vibration quantities of the machine in actual use. however,
Actual values sometimes vary widely, depending on many factors, including the operator, work tasks, and insertion tools or consumables. Machine itself
The maintenance status may also be important. The effects of operators and operating procedures on low amplitude vibrations are particularly severe under real working conditions. because
Therefore, the vibration radiation value below 2.5 m/s2 is not recommended for evaluation under real working conditions. In this case, it is recommended to use a vibration of 2.5m/s2.
Momentum values directly assess the vibration of the machine.
If a specific workplace requires an accurate value, it is necessary to measure according to GB/T 14790 under this working condition. in
The measured vibration values under actual operating conditions may be higher or lower than those obtained in this part of GB/T 26548.
Under actual working conditions, it is easy to produce high vibration by using excessively unbalanced grinding wheel, baffle wear or bending of output shaft.
Value.
Handheld portable power tool vibration test method
Part 1. Angle and face grinders
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 26548 specifies the test method for hand-transmitted vibration radiation measurement of the handle parts of hand-held angle and end face pneumatic grinders.
law. A type test procedure for the vibration of the handle portion when the machine equipped with the specified test wheel is operated under no-load conditions is determined. This kind
The test method is only used for surface grinding operations. Generally, the vibration generated by cutting and polishing is low. The measured results are used to compare the same type.
The amount of vibration of the same type of machine.
This section applies to compressed air or other means of driving, combined with consolidation, coating and superhard abrasive products, on a variety of materials
Machine for grinding, cutting and rough grinding.
This section does not apply to grinders, mold grinders or straight shank grinders used with wire brushes.
Note. In order to avoid confusion between the terms “power tool” and “insertion tool”, “machine” is used throughout this section instead of “power tool”.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 6247.2-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terms - Part 2. Hydraulic tools (ISO 17066.
2007, IDT)
GB/T 14790.1-2009. Mechanical vibrations - Measurements and evaluations - Part 1 . General requirements
(ISO 5349-1.2001, IDT)
GB/T 14790.2-2014 Mechanical vibrations - Measurements and evaluations of exposure to hand-transmitted vibrations - Part 2. Workplace measurement
Practical Guide (ISO 5349-2.2001, IDT)
GB/T 25631-2010 Mechanical vibration hand-held and hand-guided mechanical vibration evaluation rules (ISO 20643.2005, IDT)
ISO 2787.1984 Performance test for rotary and impact pneumatic tools (Rotaryandpercussivepneumatictools-
Performancetests)
ISO 5391.2003 Pneumatic tools and mechanical vocabulary (Pneumatictoolsandmachines-Vocabulary)
EN75-2.2008 Aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded bars/bars, tubes and profiles - Part 2. Mechanical properties (Aluminium
andaluminiumaloy-Extrudedrod/bar,tubeandprofiles-Part 2.Mechanicalproperties)
EN12096.1997 Identification and verification of mechanical vibrational vibrational values (Mechanicalvibration-Declarationand
Verificationofvibrationemissionvalues)
3 terms, definitions and symbols
The following terms, definitions and symbols are defined in GB/T 6247.2-2013, GB/T 25631-2010 and ISO 5391.2003.
Used in this document.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
Grinder grinder
A machine that drives a rotary output shaft equipped with a grinding wheel or grinding device for material removal.
Note. Rewrite ISO 5391.2003, definition 2.1.3.
3.1.2
Angle grinder anglegrinder
A grinder with an output shaft at a given angle (usually a right angle) to the motor axis.
[ISO 5391.2003, definition 2.1.3.3]
3.1.3
Face grinder verticalgrinder
The motor and the output shaft are coaxial, and one or more grinders are angled at an angle to the axis of the motor and the output shaft.
[ISO 5391.2003, definition 2.1.3.2]
3.1.4
Test wheel testwheel
The shape is the same as the actual grinding wheel, and the aluminum wheel with the given unbalanced hole is drilled at the specified radius.
3.2 symbol
The following quantities and unit symbols apply to this document.
Symbol description unit
Root mean square (rms) uniaxial acceleration value of ahw frequency weighted hand-transmitted vibration m/s2
The total vibration value of the rmv frequency weighted root mean square acceleration is the root m/s2 of the sum of the squares of the components of ahw on the x, y, and z axes.
The measured ahv value m/s2 during the ahvmeas test
Ahvrat ahv value at rated speed m/s2
Ah The arithmetic mean m/s2 of the ahv value of all operators in the same holding position
ah The arithmetic mean m/s2 of the ah value for the same holding position on multiple machines
The vibration radiation value indicated by ahd is m/s2
During the nmeas test, the measured idle speed r/min of the test wheel is installed.
Nrat rated speed. the maximum speed r/min marked on the machine
Sn-1 standard deviation of a set of tests (for one sample, s) m/s2
σR reproducibility standard deviation (for a statistical population, σ) m/s2
Cv coefficient of variation for a set of experiments
K uncertainty m/s2
4 Basic criteria and vibration test methods
This part is based on the requirements of GB/T 25631-2010, and its structure is in addition to the appendix in terms of title and number.
GB/T 25631-2010 corresponds.
Appendix A provides the style of the test report, Appendix B is the method for determining the uncertainty K, and Appendix C is the design of the test wheel.
Provisions.
5 description of the machine type
This section applies to the use of protective covers, combined with consolidation, coating and superhard abrasives, grinding, cutting and rough grinding on a variety of materials.
Handheld machine.
For sanders without a protective cover, see GB/T 26548.3.
The type of adapter wheel is referred to ISO 603-14 and ISO 603-16, see Table 1.
This section covers the following machines.
---Assemble the angle and end face grinders with a diameter of 80mm~300mm27, when the machine is equipped with a 41-type cutting wheel and
When using the same protective cover as the Type 27 grinding wheel, simply mark the vibration value when using the Type 27 test wheel.
8.4.1);
--- Angle and end grinders equipped with special shields for type 41 cutting wheels, shall be tested with type 27 test wheels (test wheel gauges)
See 8.4.1);
--- Angle and end face grinders equipped with special shields for stone cutting wheels, should be selected from the most suitable test wheel in Table 1.
test;
---Installing angle and end face grinders of type 6 and diameter 100mm~180mm11 test wheels;
---Assemble angle and end face grinders and sanders with diameters of 80mm~300mm steel paper sanding discs and sanding discs.
Figures 1 through 6 show examples of typical grinders covered by this part of GB/T 26548.
Figure 1 Angle electric grinder with independent main handle
Figure 2 Angle electric grinder with motor as main handle
Figure 3 Angle pneumatic grinder with motor as main handle
Figure 4 Angle pneumatic grinder with independent main handle
Figure 5 end face pneumatic grinder
Figure 6 One-handed angle grinder
6 Vibration characteristics description
6.1 Measurement direction
Hand-transmitted vibrations should be measured and recorded in three directions of the orthogonal coordinate system. The vibration of each grip position should be as shown in Figure 7~12.
Simultaneous measurements are taken in the three directions shown.
6.2 Measuring position
Measurements should be taken at the location where the operator normally holds the machine and applies thrust. For one-handed machines, only one point is measured
The amount can be.
The specified sensor position should be as close as possible between the thumb and forefinger of the hand. This position is also suitable for holding in both hands during normal operation.
The location of the machine. Whenever possible, measurements should be taken at the locations specified here.
The replenishment position of the sensor is specified on the inside of the handle end as close as possible to the side of the specified position. If the sensor is in the specified position
If it cannot be used, the supplemental location should be used.
The specified position and replenishment position of the sensor should also be used on the damping handle.
The specified position and replenishment position of the sensor are shown in Figures 7 to 12 for the holding position normally used for such different types of machines.
And measurement direction.
Description.
1---the specified position of the sensor;
2---Additional position of the sensor.
Figure 7 Angle electric grinder measurement position with independent main handle
Description.
1---the specified position of the sensor;
2---Additional position of the sensor.
Figure 8 Measuring position of the angle electric grinder with the motor as the main handle
Description.
1---the specified position of the sensor;
2---Additional position of the sensor.
Figure 9 Angle measurement of the angular pneumatic grinder with the motor as the main handle
Description.
1---the specified position of the sensor;
2---Additional position of the sensor.
Figure 10 Angle pneumatic grinder measuring position with independent main handle
Description.
1---the specified position of the sensor;
2---Additional position of the sensor.
Figure 11 Measurement position of the end face pneumatic grinder
Description.
1---the specified position of the sensor;
2---Additional position of the sensor.
Figure 12 One-handed angle grinder measurement position
6.3 The amount of vibration
The amount of vibration should meet the requirements of 6.3 of GB/T 25631-2010.
6.4 Synthesis of vibration direction
For the two holding positions used, the total vibration value obtained shall be recorded in accordance with 6.4 of GB/T 25631-2010. Capacity
Record and test at the holding position with the highest reading. The total vibration value at this holding position should be at least higher than the other positions.
30%. This result can be obtained by an operator for 5 trials at the initial test.
In order to obtain the total vibration value ahvmeas of the frequency weighted acceleration, each measurement is performed at the idling speed, and the measurement result in each direction
It should be synthesized according to formula (1).
Ahvmeas= ahwx2 ahwy2 ahwz2 (1)
The ahvmeas value obtained for each test is corrected to the frequency-weighted acceleration ahvrat at the rated speed according to equation (2).
Ahvrat=ahvmeas
Nrat
Nmeas
(2)
In the formula.
Nrat --- rated speed, which is the maximum rotation indicated on the machine;
Nmeas---The idle speed was measured during the test.
7 Instrument requirements
7.1 General
The instrumentation for testing shall comply with the provisions of 7.1 of GB/T 25631-2010.
7.2 Sensor installation
7.2.1 Technical requirements for sensors
The sensor specifications given in 7.2.1 of GB/T 25631-2010 apply to this section.
The total weight of the sensor and its fixtures should be as small as possible to the weight of the machine, handle, etc., without affecting the measurement results. This
One point is especially important for lightweight plastic handles (see GB/T 14790.2-2014).
7.2.2 Sensor connection
The sensor or the fixed block used should be rigidly attached to the handle surface.
If three single-axis sensors are used, they should be connected to the three sides of the fixed block.
For the case where the two axes are parallel to the vibrating surface, the measuring axes and vibrating tables of the two sensing elements of the two sensors or one triaxial sensor
The maximum distance of the face should be 10mm.
Note. Mechanical filters are generally not required for measurement.
7.3 Frequency weighting filter
Frequency weighting shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 14790.1-2009.
7.4 Cumulative time
The accumulation time should meet the requirements of 7.4 of GB/T 25631-2010. The cumulative time for each test run should be no less than 16s, so
Consistent with the machine operating duration specified in 8.4.3.
7.5 Auxiliary equipment
For pneumatic machines, the supply pressure should be measured with a pressure gauge with an accuracy of 0.01 MPa or higher.
For hydraulic machines, the flow rate should be measured with a flow meter with an accuracy of 0.25 L/min or higher.
For electric machines, the voltage should be measured with a voltmeter with an accuracy equal to or higher than 3% of the actual value.
The speed should be measured and recorded using a tachometer with an accuracy better than 5% of the actual value or a frequency analysis device that measures the vibration signal. When the speed
When the sensor is placed on the machine, it should be as small as possible so as not to affect the vibration of the machine.
Propulsion should be measured with an instrument with an accuracy equal to or better than 5% of the actual value.
7.6 Calibration
The technical requirements for calibration shall comply with the provisions of 7.6 of GB/T 25631-2010.
8 Machine test and operating conditions
8.1 General
Measurements should be made on new machines that are well lubricated and functioning properly. It should be installed in a manner similar to that used during grinding during the test.
And hold the machine (see Figure 13). For some types of machines, if the manufacturer specifies a warm-up time, it should be guaranteed that before the test begins
Preheat the machine.
The grinder should be equipped with a suitable test wheel in accordance with Table 1 to operate in an idling condition.
One-handed machine testing should be held with only one hand during the test. The measurement is performed only on one measuring point of the actual holding position. Not measured
An auxiliary handle should be installed.
The power supplied to the machine during the test shall be within the rated conditions specified by the manufacturer and the operation of the machine shall be smooth.
8.2 Operating conditions
8.2.1 Pneumatic machine
When testing, the machine shall be operated at rated air pressure in accordance with the technical requirements of the manufacturer. The machine should be running smoothly and should be measured
And record the air pressure.
The machine should be supplied with a hose of the diameter recommended by the manufacturer. The test hose should be connected to the machine through a threaded pipe joint, preferably
Use the supplied threaded pipe joints. The length of the test hose should be 3 m. Test hoses are clamped with clamps and should not be used with quick-change joints.
The weight of the quick-change coupling affects the amount of vibration.
The supply pressure of pneumatic machines shall be measured in accordance with ISO 2787.1984 and maintained at the pressure values specified by the manufacturer.
During the test, the pressure measured directly before the hose shall not exceed 0.02 MPa from the pressure recommended by the manufacturer.
8.2.2 Hydraulic machine
The machine shall be operated at rated power (ie rated flow) during the test and shall be used in accordance with the technical requirements of the manufacturer. Machine operation
The transfer should be smooth and the machine should be preheated for about 10 minutes before the measurement starts. The flow should be measured and recorded.
8.2.3 Electric machine
The machine shall be operated at rated voltage during the test and shall be used in accordance with the technical requirements of the manufacturer. The operation of the machine should be smooth and should
Measure and record the voltage.
8.3 Provisions for other parameters
For each machine used for the test, the spindle speed at which the test wheel is installed shall be measured and recorded.
The propulsion used should be recorded.
8.4 Additional equipment, artifacts, and tasks
8.4.1 Test wheel
Appendix C specifies the dimensions and processing methods of the different test wheels used in this test method.
Type 27 test wheels shall be indexed in five orientations of the grinder spindle relative to the previous installation at 72° intervals, and in the grinding wheel and
Draw lines on the spindle to identify these locations.
The test wheel should be installed like a normal grinding wheel, which is recommended by the manufacturer. The test wheel should be mounted coaxially with the grinder spindle without clearance.
To this end, the concentric adjustment pad specified in Appendix C should be used.
Type 11 test wheels have mounting threads and these test wheels cannot be rotated and mounted in 5 different positions. So the three operators are each
The test wheel should be reinstalled 5 times during the test (see 8.4.3). The test wheel should use the manufacturer's recommended baffle and mounting torque
installation.
For different types of machines, the test wheel should be selected according to Table 1.
All combinations of grinders and shields should be tested separately. When a given shield can be used with a variety of types of grinding wheels, the pair should be used
Should be on the test wheel of the heaviest grinding wheel.
Table 1 Grinding wheel type and corresponding test wheel
According to ISO 603-14 and ISO 603-16
Designed wheel type
Grinding wheel
diameter
Mm
in use
Test wheel
model
Test wheel description
Test wheel
diameter
Mm
Uneven
Balance
Gmm
Type 6
Cup shape
Grinding wheel
11.100
11.125
11.150
Type 11
Bowl shape
Grinding wheel
11.100
11.125
11.150
11.180
Type 11
Bowl shape
test
Type 27
钹 shape
Grinding wheel
Type 28
tapered surface
钹 shape
Grinding wheel
Type 41
Flat shape
Cutting
Grinding wheel
Type 42
钹 shape
Cutting
Grinding wheel
D1 type
Sand plate
Type D3
Steel paper
Sand plate
27.80
27.100
27.115
27.125
27.150
27.180
27.230
27.300
Type 27
钹 type
test
8.4.2 Thrust
During the test, the operator should hold the machine in the same way as grinding on a horizontal surface. The thrust (simulated propulsive force) should be applied to the hand.
On the shank, the thrust and the weight of the machine should be balanced by an upward pulling force equal to the thrust given in Table 2 plus the machine
The sum of the weights.
For angle grinders, the mounting threaded holes of the auxiliary handle should be used to apply the upward pulling force. For the auxiliary handle can be installed in any one
For the side machine, a short bolt should be screwed into the hole where the handle is not installed, and the sling should be attached to the inside of the bolt and the auxiliary handle.
For end face grinders, the sling sh...
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