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GB/T 22157-2018: Acoustics -- Specification of test tracks for measuring noise emitted by road vehicles and their tyres
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Acoustics -- Specification of test tracks for measuring noise emitted by road vehicles and their tyres
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Acoustics -- Specification of test tracks for the purpose of measuring noise emitted by road vehicles
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 22157-2018 (GB/T22157-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Acoustics -- Specification of test tracks for measuring noise emitted by road vehicles and their tyres | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | A59 | | Classification of International Standard | 17.140 | | Word Count Estimation | 46,458 | | Date of Issue | 2018-03-15 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-10-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 22157-2018: Acoustics -- Specification of test tracks for measuring noise emitted by road vehicles and their tyres
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Acoustics--Specification of test tracks for measuring noise emitted by road vehicles and their tyres
ICS 17.140
A59
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 22157-2008
Acoustic measurement of road vehicles and tire noise
Test lane specification
(ISO 10844.2014, IDT)
Published on.2018-03-15
2018-10-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword I
Introduction II
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Test lane requirements 3
5 Measurement methods and data processing 9
6 Test report 9
7 Country example 11
8 Major improvements compared to GB/T 22157-2008 version 11
Appendix A (informative) Calculate the expected pass noise level difference (ENDT) caused by differences in pavement structure 12
Appendix B (informative) The maintenance of the test pavement and the acoustic performance stability over time 17
Appendix C (informative appendix) Test Lane Construction Example 18
Appendix D (informative) Improvements to GB/T 22157-2008 39
Appendix NA (informative appendix) China test lane construction example 40
Reference 42
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 22157-2008 "Technical Specification for Acoustic Test Lanes for Measuring Road Vehicle Emission Noise".
Compared with GB/T 22157-2008, the main technical changes of this standard are as follows.
--- Based on the original standard requiring the use of pure asphalt, the use of polymer modified asphalt (see 4.3);
--- The specific flatness test method is clearly defined (see 5.1);
--- The original standard uses the sanding method to measure the average structural depth (MeanTextureDepth, MTD) as a structural depth indicator, instead
Measure the average section depth (MeanProfileDepth, MPD) (see 5.2.1);
--- Further specification of the measurement and representation of sound absorption (see 5.3).
This standard uses the translation method equivalent to the ISO 10844.2014 "acoustic test vehicle technology for measuring road vehicles and tire noise.
Specifications.
The documents of our country that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents referenced in this standard are as follows.
---GB 1495-2002 Vehicle acceleration noise limits and measurement methods (ISO 362.1998).
This standard has made the following editorial changes.
--- According to the application of engineering in China, 3.7 has increased the note (see 3.7 note 2);
--- Added an example of China's test lane engineering (see Appendix NA);
--- Appendix A, formula (A.2), (A.3) for calculating the ENDT (expectedpass-bynoiseleveldifference) indicator
The original texts (A.6) and (A.10) were incorrect and revised (see Appendix A).
This standard was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Acoustic Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC17).
This standard was drafted. Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Highway Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport, Yixing City product quality supervision and inspection
Institute, Tongji University, Beijing Labor Protection Science Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, China Metrology
Institute of Science, Anhui Vocational and Technical College, Hefei University of Technology.
The main drafters of this standard. Wei Xianwei, Yuan Wei, Wang Yanqin, Cheng Mingkun, Lu Yadong, Li Xiaodong, Liu Danxiao, Yu Wuzhou, Mao Dongxing,
Prince, Hu Wencheng, Li Xiaokuan, Qi Guoqing, Jiang Weikang, Zhu Wenying, Zhou Yude, He Longbiao, Bao Junyao, Xu Xin, Li Mingliang, Li Zhiyuan.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are.
---GB/T 22157-2008.
Introduction
In general, pavement construction and sound absorption characteristics are the main factors affecting vehicle noise. At the same time, the mechanical resistance and slip resistance of the pavement surface layer
Can also affect the noise measurement results.
In order to reduce the variation of tire/road noise and vehicle emission noise values measured at different locations, it is necessary to specify relevant road surface characteristics.
Advice on the material, design and construction of the test pavement.
The primary purpose of this standard is to revise the pavement specification to improve measurement repeatability.
In the design method of this standard, the test lane complying with this standard is compatible with GB/T 22157-2008, but the characteristics are reduced.
Variability.
It should be noted that the test of different sites should have high repeatability, and the pavement design should not only reduce the road noise of the tires between the test sites.
The changes should also ensure that noise propagation is not affected by the pavement used. The consideration of the latter should exclude the use of non-density with sound absorption performance on the road surface.
Grading roads and other related types of pavements.
This revision includes more roadway specification constraints and recommendations for test lane construction and maintenance methods. The basic characteristics of the road surface
Seek to remain unchanged.
Users of this standard are encouraged to measure ENDT and transmit the data to ISO /TC43/SC1 for the next periodic review.
Analyze before the trial.
In addition, this standard recommends a non-destructive test method for periodic inspection of pavement characteristics.
Acoustic measurement of road vehicles and tire noise
Test lane specification
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic characteristics of the test pavement used to measure vehicle and tire/road noise.
The pavement design given in this standard.
--- Can guarantee a variety of tire/road noise propagation under different working conditions (including those suitable for vehicle noise testing)
To be sexual
--- Can minimize the difference between the venues;
--- Only weak sound absorption for vehicle noise sources;
--- Consistent with the practical application of road construction.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
ISO 362-1 - Road vehicles - Accelerated noise - Methods of measurement - Part 1 . Type 1 and
ofnoiseemittedbyacceleratingroadvehicles-Engineeringmethod-Part 1.MandNCategories)
ISO 13472-2 - Measurement of noise absorption performance - Part 2.
(Acoustics-measurementofsoundabsorptionpropertiesofroadsurfacesinsitu-Part 2.Spotmeth-
Odforreflectivesurfaces)
ISO 13473-1 - Determination of pavement structure by surface appearance - Part 1 . Determination of average profile depth (Characterization of
Pavementtexturebyuseofsurfaceprofiles-Part 1.Determinationofmeanprofiledepth)
ISO 13473-3 - Characterization of pavement structures using surface appearance - Part 3. Specification and classification of profilometers
(Characterizationofpavementtexturebyuseofsurfaceprofiles-Part 3.specificationandclassifica-
Tionofprofilometers)
ISO /T S13473-4 Characterization of pavement structures using surface appearance - Part 4. Spectrometric analysis of surface contours (Characterization
ofpavementtexturebyuseofsurfaceprofiles-Part 4.SpectralanalysisofSurfaceprofiles)
EN13036-7 Test methods for surface characteristics of roads and airports - Part 7. Measurement of unevenness of pavement layer. ruler test (Road
andairfieldsurfacecharacteristics-Testmethods-Part 7.Irregularitymeasurementofpavement
Courses.Thestraightedgetest)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Sound absorption coefficient
The ratio of the acoustic power absorbed by the plane wave incident perpendicularly to the object under test to the incident power.
Note. expressed as a percentage, called sound absorption.
3.2
Road profile surfaceprofile
3.2.1
Construction section textureprofile
When a sensor, such as a needle or laser spot, moves continuously or illuminates the road while moving along a line along the road
Two-dimensional sampling of the pavement texture produced.
Note. The construction section uses two coordinate descriptions. one coordinate is called “distance” (abscissa) along the road surface direction, and the other coordinate is located in the vertical direction of the road surface.
Called "amplitude" (ordinate).
3.2.2
Irregularity
When the flat ruler is placed perpendicular to the road surface, the maximum distance between the two sides of the road between the contacts and the flat measuring edge is measured.
Note 1. When the structural depth is greater than 0.5m, the pavement depth is different from the pavement characteristics. This standard refers to the unevenness.
Note 2. See Figure C.1.
3.2.2.1
Longitudinal irregularity
Test the unevenness of the longitudinal axis of the lane.
3.2.2.2
Transverse irregularity transversalirregularity
The unevenness of the test lane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
3.2.3
Flat feet straightedge
A device used to measure the distance from a plane.
3.2.4
Large construction megatexture
The deviation of the longitudinal section of the road surface with the characteristic dimension of the road surface from 50mm to 500mm with respect to the ideal plane corresponds to 1/3 octave
Contains a wavelength range from 63mm to 500mm center wavelength.
Note. For the pavement structure in this wavelength range, the amplitude between the peaks is usually 0.1mm~50mm, and the size of the wavelength is the same as the size of the ground contact area of the tire.
Levels are generally caused by damage to the road surface such as pits or crowds. This configuration is often an undesirable feature of a disease in the road surface.
The roughness of the road surface is called the unevenness when it is larger than the wavelength of the large structure.
3.2.5
Macroscopic construction macrotexture
The deviation of the longitudinal profile of the road surface along the road surface from 0.5mm to 50mm with respect to the ideal plane corresponds to 1/3 octave
Contains a wavelength range from 0.63mm to 50mm center wavelength.
Note. For the pavement structure in this wavelength range, the amplitude between the peaks is usually 0.1mm~20mm, and the size of the wavelength is the same as the size of the tread pattern.
do not. Pavement design usually maintains sufficient macrostructure to meet the needs of road surface drainage. The macrostructure is through the right aggregate and sand in the mix
The proportion of pulp or road surface treatment technology is controlled.
3.2.6
Microstructure microtexture
Deviation of the longitudinal profile of the road surface with a feature size of less than 0.5 mm along the road surface relative to the ideal plane, corresponding to 1/3 octave
The wavelength range of the heart wavelength is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
3.3
Vertical slope and gradient slope gradientandcrossfal
3.3.1
Gradient gradient
The ratio of the height difference to the length measured along the longitudinal axis of the lane is expressed as a percentage.
3.3.2
Cross slope
The ratio of the height difference to the length measured along the transverse axis of the lane is expressed as a percentage.
3.4
Propagation area propagationarea
The part of the test lane on both sides of the driveway.
Note. See Figure 1.
3.5
Driving lane drivelane
The part of the test lane where the vehicle is traveling.
3.6
Stiffness stiffness
The ratio of the normal force to the resulting displacement.
3.7
Dense asphalt concrete denseasphaltconcrete
The continuous graded aggregate particles form an interlocking structure of asphalt.
Note 1. See EN13108-1.
Note 2. According to JTGF40-2004, China is called dense grade asphalt mixture Dense-gradedbituminousmixtures (English), Dense-gradedas-
Phaltmixtures (beautiful).
3.8
Average section depth meanprofiledepth
The average height difference between the section and the highest level above the 100 mm long baseline.
Note. See 3.5.4 of ISO 13473-1.1997.
4 Test lane requirements
4.1 Dimensions and geometries
4.1.1 Size
The test lane consists of two areas, a driving lane and a propagation area. The dimensions should match Figure 1 and Table 1.
Description.
Ls --- acceleration segment;
La --- The driving lane extends beyond the propagation area;
CC' --- driving lane center line;
PP' --- microphone line;
Light shaded area---propagation area;
Dark shaded area - driving lane.
Figure 1 Size of the test lane
The driving lane has a length of la and a width of at least 3.0 m, centered on the line PP'. The value of la is specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Minimum extension length of the driving lane
length
For test tires, cars, motorcycles,
Light vehicles, trucks
For a rear engine, between the reference point and the front axle
Long-distance travel over 10m (reference point is defined in ISO 362-1)
La 10m 20ma
a According to the definition in ISO 362-1, only 20 m is required on the exit side of the test lane.
For the stability of the test process, it is recommended to satisfy the minimum length of ls=60m on at least one side.
The propagation area should extend at least 10 m from the center of the lane and at least 10 m on either side of the PP'.
There are no large reflective objects such as walls, rocks, bridges or buildings within a radius of 50m around the center of the lane.
Note. If the reflections of buildings outside the 50m radius converge on the test track, it also has a significant impact on the measurement.
4.1.2 Layout
Driving lane
The driving lane should meet the following requirements.
--- For the acceptance of the test lane only, the lateral unevenness measured by the flat ruler according to EN13036-7 shall be
≤0.003m, longitudinal unevenness should be ≤0.002m;
--- For the regular inspection of the test driveway, the flat gauge is used according to EN13036-7, and the lateral unevenness should be
≤0.005m, longitudinal unevenness should be ≤0.005m;
--- For acceptance only, the maximum deviation of the horizontal plane is 1% (see Figure 2) and the maximum deviation of the longitudinal plane is 0.5%.
It is recommended that the range of 10m from the beginning of the microphone line to the covered driving lane plus the end of the la section on both sides should satisfy the unevenness.
Claim.
Communication area
---Measured by flat ruler according to EN13036-7, the unevenness of the propagation area should be ≤0.02m (see Figure 2);
--- One or both sides of the propagation area can be lower than the driving lane. The slope of the slope measured by using an appropriate instrument shall be ≤2.0% oblique
The design of the slope should be beneficial to drainage;
--- The step or discontinuity between the propagation area and the driving lane is 0 0.02 0 m (see Figure 3).
Description.
1%max--the maximum cross slope of the allowed driving lane;
2%max---the maximum cross slope of the allowed propagation area;
a --- propagation area;
b --- Driving lane.
Figure 2 Transverse slope of the propagation area
Description.
1---allowable steps ≤ 0.02m;
2---steps that are not allowed even if ≤ 0.02m;
a---propagation area;
b--- Driving lane.
Figure 3 Steps or discontinuities in the propagation area
4.2 Pavement characteristics of the propagation area
The average sound absorption coefficient of 1/3 octave center frequency between 315 Hz and 1600 Hz should be ≤ 10%. Sound absorption coefficient should be in accordance with 5.3
measuring.
See 4.4 for the location and number of measuring points.
4.3 Road characteristics of the driving lane
The road surface of the driving lane should meet the following requirements.
a) is dense asphalt concrete;
b) When measuring according to 5.3, the sound absorption coefficient of any one of the 1/3 octaves between 315 Hz and 1600 Hz shall be ≤ 8%;
c) The maximum nominal particle size is 8mm (the tolerance is between 6.3mm~10mm);
d) the thickness of the wear layer should be ≥ 30mm;
e) the average depth of the pavement surface measured according to ISO 13473-1 is 0.5 mm ± 0.2 mm;
f) the aggregate has the target screening curve shown in Figure 4;
g) Inelastic materials (rubber, polyurethane, etc.) are used for the surface layer or sub-surface structure, and the modified asphalt content in the mixture is required to be less than
The total mass is 1%.
Note. ENDT is not part of this standard until more results are available for verification. Polymer modified asphalt (PmB) can make road masks
Higher operating temperatures and reduced road wear.
Figure 4 Screening curve area
4.4 Conformance test
The conformance requirements for the test lane test are as follows.
a) The pavement characteristics should be determined in the following cases.
1) Before the test lane acceptance (see Table 2);
2) During the regular inspection of the test lane (see Table 2).
b) All measurements should be made within the entire length of the driveway as follows (see Figure 5).
c) In order to ensure consistency in sound absorption, construction, geometry, etc., the first point should be randomly selected on both sides of the line PP'. After
The measuring point should not be coaxial with the centerline and will cover the entire test lane at a 5m pitch.
d) After the test drive is completed, it is preferred to take 4 core samples at a distance of 10 m in the driving position of the acceleration section of the driving lane, and measure the screening.
curve.
Figure 5 Measurement position on the test lane, for example for l=40m
In order to check the road surface characteristics of the sound propagation area, at least two measurement positions should be randomly selected on each side.
In addition, the sound absorption area should be sounded in the vicinity of PP', the area between the microphone position on both sides of the driving lane and the center of the driving lane.
Coefficient measurement.
Table 2 Periodicity of inspection requirements during acceptance and periodic inspections
Test lane requirement
acceptance
Driving lane propagation area
Periodic inspection
Driving lane propagation area
Slope
Longitudinal slope
(0.5%)
- - -
Cross slope
(1%)
(2%)
- -
Longitudinal unevenness
(≤2mm)
Lateral unevenness
(≤3mm)
(≤20mm)
random
(≤5mm)
2 years a
(≤5mm)
2 years a
Construction depth
MPD
0.5mm±0.2mm
MPD
0.5mm±0.2mm
2 years a
Sound absorption coefficient
(8% max)
(10% max)
(8% max)
4 years a
Gradation curve √ - - -
Note. √ should be checked; - not applicable.
a Cycle length.
4.5 Uniformity of pavement characteristics
In order to ensure the uniformity of the characteristics of the driving lane and the propagation area. The mean of all positions and 80% of the sample should be satisfied in the following respects
Claim.
--- Sound absorption coefficient;
---The depth of the pavement construction;
--- Layout consistency.
4.6 Pavement maintenance and time stability
The test lane is a test device that should be protected from damage and cured.
The test lane should only be used for noise measurements.
It should be removed from the road surface to reduce the loose debris or dust of the construction depth.
The crack can be sealed without affecting the acoustic performance of the test track (according to 4.2 and 4.3).
See Appendix B for crack sealing methods.
4.7 Trial of test lanes
Checking the construction depth and sound absorption characteristics should be carried out after 4 weeks of completion or after 1000 vehicles/times of vehicle operation.
This type of trial period is not required if the road surface is dedicated to the inspection of heavy vehicles (M2, M3, N2 and N3 greater than 3.5t).
5 Measurement methods and data processing
5.1 Unevenness measurement method
The unevenness of the driving lane shall be in accordance with EN13036-7 using a flat ruler (with a 3 m long beam and a 1 mm step wedge bevel)
Determination.
5.2 Measurement method of structural depth
5.2.1 Section measurement
The measurement of the MPD shall be in accordance with ISO 13473-1 and the calculation of the ENDT shall be in accordance with ISO 13473-3. Measuring instruments should meet ISO 13473-3
The DE level requirements specified in the document.
According to ISO 13473-1, the MPD should be measured in the wheel trajectory of the driving lane. There are two ways to choose.
---Continuous measurement. Continuous measurement of MPD throughout the driving lane. The measured section shall be divided into 8 sections, each section being 5 m long and shall be
Average each MPD separately. Both wheel trajectories should be measured;
---Segment measurement. measure MPD at least 4 positions in each of the two wheel trajectories (if the test lane is for two)
For wheel vehicles, it should be measured at 8 locations). These locations should be evenly distributed in the driving lane. Should be measured at each location
At least 2 m, each segment is at least 0.8 m apart, and the position is arranged such that the MPDs at each location are statistically independent.
The eight positions of the MPD should be measured to meet the requirements of 4.3.
When calculating ENDT (see Appendix A for calculation methods), the 1/3 octave band shall be obtained according to the specifications of ISO /T S13473-4.
Wavelength spectrum of 100m~5mm. The tapered cosine window function is preferred for analysis (see ISO /T S13472-4).
5.2.2 Constructing depth data preprocessing
Wild spots need to be removed before data processing.
Note. ISO /T S13473-4 gives an example of the wild point removal process, which is dummy data for non-constructed depth measurement data.
5.3 Sound absorption coefficient measurement method
The sound absorption coefficient shall be measured at a frequency range of at least 280 Hz to 1800 Hz using an on-site measuring device meeting ISO 13472-2.
The sound absorption coefficient shall be measured in accordance with ISO 13472-2.
6 Test report
The test report for each road surface should include all the information required for construction permit or cycle inspection.
E.g.
a) General information.
---owner;
---The name of the contractor;
---The construction date of the test driveway;
---The location of the test lane;
--- Inspection organization (if any);
---Detecting institution qualification status;
---The main use of the test drive (such as truck tire test, car pass);
--- Significant features (such as fever).
b) Size and layout.
1) Size.
i) Size of the driving lane.
---Total length (m);
---Width (m);
---la(m);
---ls(m).
i) Propagation area size.
--- Length (m);
---Width (m).
Ii) Air direction.
---radius (m);
---Salient features.
2) Layout.
i) Driving lane.
--- Horizontal and vertical unevenness (m);
--- Deviation (%) with respect to the horizontal plane.
i) Communication area.
--- unevenness (m);
---Vertical slope (%);
--- Step or discontinuity (m).
c) Pavement characteristics.
1) Material.
i) Driving lane.
--- Sound absorption coefficient;
---Maximum nominal particle size;
--- wear layer thickness;
--- Construction depth;
--- screening curve;
--- Elastic material.
i) Communication area.
--- Sound absorption coefficient.
2) Uniformity of pavement characteristics.
d) Proof of the requirements.
--- Measurement point layout sketch;
---Measure material description;
--- Description of measurement methods.
e) Uniformity of pavement characteristics.
7 country examples
Appendix C gives the production process for the test lanes in different countries.
8 Major improvements compared to GB/T 22157-2008
Appendix D gives the improvement of this standard to the previous edition (GB/T 22157-2008).
Appendix A
(informative appendix)
Calculate the expected pass noise level difference (ENDT) caused by the difference in pavement structure
A.1 Overview
ENDT is a single-valued evaluation that provides an estimate of the dB(A) total noise level change caused by structural depth changes relative to the reference pavement.
the amount. The reference pavement is characterized by a 1/3 octave structure distribution spectrum Ltx, ref, λ (which is a function of the construction wavelength λ) and is composed of a 1/3 octave noise spectrum.
Lmi representation (a function of frequency f).
The ENDT is estimated by using the 1/3 octave structure distribution spectrum Ltx, λ of the lane to be tested. It includes two tire road noises
Me...
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