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GB/T 22140-2018: Code for field acceptance test of small hydro turbines
Status: Valid GB/T 22140: Evolution and historical versions
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Code for field acceptance test of small hydro turbines
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Hydraulic machines -- Acceptance test of small hydro turbines
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 22140-2018 (GB/T22140-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Code for field acceptance test of small hydro turbines | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K55 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.160.40 | | Word Count Estimation | 102,181 | | Date of Issue | 2018-05-14 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-12-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 22140-2008 | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Announcement No. 6 of 2018 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 22140-2018: Code for field acceptance test of small hydro turbines---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Code for field acceptance test of small hydro turbines
ICS 29.160.40
K55
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 22140-2008
Small turbine on-site acceptance test procedure
(IEC 62006.2010, Hydraulicmachines-Acceptance
Testsofsmalhydroelectricinstalations, IDT)
Published on.2018-05-14
2018-12-01 implementation
State market supervision and administration
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Preface VII
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms, definitions and schematics 2
3.1 Terms and Definitions 2
3.2 Schematic diagram of hydroelectric generating set 2
4 Test level and range 3
4.1 Guaranteed test level 3
4.1.1 General requirements 3
4.1.2 Contract conditions 5
4.2 Performance Guarantee Range 5
4.2.1 General requirements 5
4.2.2 Level A. Maximum output power 5
4.2.3 Level B. Index Test 5
4.2.4 Class C. Turbine Efficiency 5
4.2.5 Explanation of loss 5
4.3 Test range 6
4.3.1 Safety Acceptance Test 6
4.3.2 Test run and reliability test 6
4.3.3 Performance test 6
4.3.4 Tester Competency Requirements 7
4.3.5 Warranty 7
5 Safety acceptance test before trial operation 8
5.1 Test before start-up 8
5.2 Water flow shut-off device 8
5.2.1 General requirements 8
5.2.2 Inlet gate or valve 8
5.2.3 Inlet main valve 9
5.2.4 Active vanes (mixed flow and axial propeller turbines) 9
5.2.5 Needle valves and deflectors (water bucket and slant turbines) 10
5.3 First boot operation and control 11
5.4 Sliding bearing operation at rated speed 11
5.5 Emergency stop under no-load conditions 11
5.6 Electrical Protection 12
5.7 Overspeed test 12
5.8 Flying Test 12
5.9 Overpressure, emergency shutdown and load rejection test 13
5.9.1 General conditions 13
5.9.2 Guide vanes or needles 14
5.9.3 Turbine inlet valve 14
5.9.4 Pressure reducing valve 14
5.9.5 Pressure rise 14
5.10 Test parameters 16
5.10.1 Pressure 16
5.10.2 Speed 16
5.10.3 Control component 16
6 Operation and reliability test (trial operation) 16
6.1 General provisions 16
6.2 Temperature stability of rotating parts 17
6.2.1 General requirements 17
6.2.2 Temperature guarantee 17
6.3 Speed Control System 17
6.3.1 Description 17
6.3.2 Unit operation without governor 18
6.3.3 Unit operation with governor 18
6.3.4 Unit operation with voltage regulator 19
6.3.5 Unit operation with other controllers 19
6.3.6 Measurements in the test control system 19
6.4 Association test 20
7 Performance Guarantee Test 20
7.1 Overview 20
7.2 Maximum output power of generator (transformer) under different heads of water 20
7.2.1 Guaranteed value 20
7.2.2 Test Instrument Requirements 20
7.3 Index Test 21
7.3.1 General requirements 21
7.3.2 Relative flow measurement 21
7.3.3 Characteristic curve shape control 22
7.3.4 Relative efficiency of power stations 23
7.3.5 Optimizing the Association Relationship 23
7.4 Turbine efficiency 23
7.4.1 Turbine efficiency test using absolute flow measurement 23
7.4.2 Efficiency test using thermodynamic method 24
7.5 Efficiency Correction 24
8 Calculation and comparison of results 26
8.1 Overview 26
8.1.1 Field data 26
8.1.2 Measured value (reading) 26
8.1.3 Water temperature ratio effect 27
8.1.4 Translational transformation of plant characteristics 27
8.2 Output Power 27
8.2.1 Power plant output power measurement 27
8.2.2 Generator output power measurement 27
8.2.3 Turbine output power measurement 28
8.3 Relative efficiency of the turbine 28
8.3.1 General requirements 28
8.3.2 Relative flow 28
8.3.3 Guarantee of the characteristic curve of the power station 29
8.3.4 Relative efficiency of power stations 29
8.4 Turbine Absolute Efficiency 29
8.4.1 General instructions 29
8.4.2 Absolute flow 30
8.4.3 Guaranteed value and comparison of power station efficiency 30
9 Error Analysis 30
9.1 Overview 30
9.2 System Uncertainty 30
9.2.1 General requirements 30
9.2.2 Typical System Uncertainty 30
9.2.3 System uncertainty for turbines used as flow meters 31
9.3 Random Uncertainty 32
9.3.1 Measurements under a single operating condition point 32
9.3.2 Measurement of the entire operating range 33
9.4 Comprehensive uncertainty 34
9.4.1 General requirements 34
9.4.2 Water head 35
9.4.3 Output Power 36
9.4.4 Index test uncertainty 38
9.4.5 Efficiency test using absolute flow measurement 40
9.4.6 Efficiency test using thermodynamic method 40
10 Other guarantees 41
10.1 Cavitation 41
10.1.1 General provisions 41
10.1.2 Measurement method 41
10.1.3 Comparison with the specified guaranteed value 42
10.2 Noise 42
10.2.1 General provisions 42
10.2.2 Measurement methods 43
10.2.3 Comparison with guaranteed values 43
10.3 Vibration 43
10.3.1 General provisions 43
10.3.2 Testing and methods 43
10.3.3 Comparison with guaranteed values 43
Appendix A (Normative) Terms, definitions, symbols and units 45
A.1 Terms and definitions 45
A.1.1 Description 45
A.1.2 Subscript 45
A.1.3 Geometric terms and definitions 45
A.1.4 Main physical quantity 46
A.1.5 Terms and definitions for water heads 47
A.1.6 Terms and definitions of traffic 47
A.1.7 Terms and definitions of power 47
A.1.8 Terms and definitions of efficiency 48
A.1.9 Terms and definitions of uncertainty 48
A.1.10 Other terms and definitions 49
A.2 Definition of the specific energy of water 50
A.3 Transient pressure change 50
A.4 Physical data 51
A.4.1 Relationship between gravitational acceleration and latitude and altitude 51
A.4.2 Density of pure water 51
A.4.3 Density of air 51
Appendix B (normative appendix) Measurement of water heads 53
B.1 Overview 53
B.2 Selection of pressure measurement section 53
B.2.1 General provisions 53
B.2.2 upstream reference section 54
B.2.3 Downstream reference section 54
B.3 Definition of measurement section 55
B.3.1 General provisions 55
B.3.2 Axial flow turbine (Kaplanturbine) head definition 56
B.3.3 Francis turbines head definition 57
B.3.4 Pelton Turbine Head Definition 59
B.3.5 Turtleurbine head definition 60
B.3.6 Double-flow turbine (Crossflow Turbine) head definition 61
B.4 Water head measurement method 62
B.4.1 General provisions 62
B.4.2 Pressure measuring instrument 63
B.4.2.1 Primary measuring instruments 63
B.4.2.2 Pressure sensor 63
B.4.2.3 Spring pressure gauge 63
B.4.2.4 Free water level measuring instrument 63
B.5 Level A test in the dynamic head assessment 64
Appendix C (Normative) Speed Measurement Method 65
C.1 Rotation speed 65
C.1.1 Measurement of rotational speed when measuring power directly 65
C.1.2 Measurement of rotational speed when indirectly measuring power 65
C.2 Definition of overspeed and runaway speed 65
Appendix D (Normative) Output Power Measurements 66
D.1 Overview 66
D.2 Measurement of output power 66
D.2.1 Synchronous generator 66
D.2.2 Indirect method for measuring the output power of asynchronous generators 67
Appendix E (Normative Appendix) Flow Measurement Method 69
E.1 Overview 69
E.1.1 General conditions 69
E.1.2 Selection of flow measurement methods 69
E.1.3 Flow stability 70
E.1.4 Leakage, infiltration and diversion 70
E.2 Absolute flow measurement method 70
E.2.1 General requirements 70
E.2.2 Acoustic methods suitable for small turbines 70
E.2.3 Pressure-time method (Gibson method) 71
E.3 Relative flow measurement 77
E.3.1 General provisions 77
E.3.2 Differential pressure method 77
E.3.3 Secondary method of flow measurement 79
Appendix F (informative) Hydropower station conditions 80
F.1 Hydropower station condition list 80
F.1.1 General requirements 80
F.1.2 Data provided by the acquirer 80
F.1.3 Contract water level 80
F.1.4 Water quality 80
F.1.5 Predictable hydraulic loss of the entire over water channel 80
F.1.6 Inflow condition 80
F.2 Determining the reference elevation 81
F.3 Technical requirements for test equipment 81
Appendix G (informative) Debug 82
G.1 Checklist 82
G.2 Commissioning Report 82
Appendix H (informative) Performance test efficiency calculation 83
H.1 General test conditions 83
H.2 Guaranteed value to be met 83
H.2.1 Level A 83
H.2.2 Level B 83
H.2.3 Transformer efficiency 83
H.3 physical constant 84
H.4 Measurement conditions 84
H.5 Data Measurement and Calculation 84
H.5.1 Data measurement 84
H.5.2 Data calculation 85
H.6 Uncertainty 86
H.6.1 Synthetic uncertainty 86
H.6.2 Random uncertainty 86
H.6.3 Random and total uncertainty 86
H.7 Comparison of test results and guaranteed values 87
H.7.1 Class A. Maximum output power of the generator 87
H.7.2 Class B. Turbine characteristic curve shape control 88
Appendix I (informative) Association test 89
I.1 Overview 89
I.2 Test procedure 89
Table 1 Test range 4
Table 2 Maximum runaway speed (nrun) 13
Table 3 performance test parameters 20
Table 4 Exponential flow test method 22
Table 5 Field data 26
Table 6 Uncertainty of full load conditions 31
Table 7 System Uncertainty of Flow at Different Openings 32
Table 8 Overall uncertainty of the turbine characteristic curve for guaranteed efficiency 39
Table 9 Data used in Figure 28 40
Table 10 Cavitation damage limit 42
Table A.1 Water density 51
Table E.1 Selection of flow measurement methods 69
Table E.2 Estimating pressure pipe coefficients and assessing system uncertainty 76
Table H.1 Relative efficiency guarantee for power stations 83
Table H.2 Transformer data 83
Table H.3 Data measurement (excluding all tests) 85
Table H.4 Calculation results 85
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 22140-2008 "Small Turbine Site Acceptance Test Procedures", compared with GB/T 22140-2008, except
The main technical contents of the editorial changes are as follows.
---Adjust the contents of Chapter 3 "Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units" of the original standard to Appendix A "Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units" (see
A.1~A.4);
---Adjust the "Power Plant Conditions" and "Technical Requirements for Test Equipment" in Chapter 4 of the original standard to Appendix F "Hydraulic Power Plant Conditions" (see
F.1~F.3);
--- "Error Analysis" in Chapter 8 of the original standard became Chapter 9 independently (see 9.1~9.4);
--- The "comparison of test results and guaranteed values" in Chapter 9 of the original standard is adjusted to be part of Chapter 8 (see 8.4.3);
--- Removed the "wear" content of Chapter 10 of the original standard (10.1 of the.2008 edition);
--- Deleted the contents of the "Organization of Experiments" in Chapter 11 of the original standard (11.1~11.4 of the.2008 edition);
--- Deleted the contents of "data collection" in Chapter 12 of the original standard (12.1~12.3 of.2008 edition);
--- Deleted part of the "Flow Measurement Method" in Appendix E of the original standard, "Absolute Flow Measurement Method" only retains "Acoustic Method" and
Two methods of “pressure-time method” (E.2.1, E.2.2, E.4~E.6 and E.8 of the.2008 edition);
--- Added Appendix G "Commissioning", Appendix H "Performance Test Efficiency Calculation" and Appendix I "Association Relationship Test" (see G.1, G.2)
H.1~H.7, I.1 and I.2).
This standard adopts the translation method equivalent to IEC 62006.2010 "Hydraulic Machinery Small Turbine Site Acceptance Test".
This standard has the same technical content and text structure as IEC 62006.2010, with minimal editorial modifications.
--- Modified the standard name.
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China.
This standard was drafted. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research.
The main drafters of this standard. Zhang Haiping, Meng Xiaochao, Zhang Jianguang, Zhu Lei, Chen Ying, Ma Suping, Ma Bingquan, Zhou Qiujing.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are.
---GB/T 22140-2008.
Small turbine on-site acceptance test procedure
1 Scope
This standard specifies the content, measurement methods, and evaluation methods of contractual guarantee conditions for small hydroelectric generating units.
This standard is applicable to impact and counter-attack water turbines with a stand-alone output power of not more than 15 MW and a runner diameter of not more than 3.0 m.
On-site acceptance test of the unit (including synchronous or asynchronous generators).
This standard gives the following.
a) the contents of the small turbine acceptance test, such as safety acceptance test, test run test, performance guarantee test, etc., and optional cavitation,
Tests such as noise and vibration tests.
b) Typical test methods in small hydro-generator sets and divided into the following three levels (see Table 1 for details).
---Test level A. General test items (instrument measurement) Required
Determine the maximum output power of the hydroelectric generating unit
---Test level B. Extended test project recommendation
Determine the operating characteristics of the hydroelectric generating unit
---Test level C. Comprehensive test items are optional
Determine the absolute efficiency of the hydroelectric generating unit
Note. All levels include safety tests, test runs and reliability tests.
c) the hydro-generator performance indicators to be included in the contract so that the test results can be evaluated, calculated and
Comparison.
The supplier or supervisor is responsible for the tests carried out in accordance with the standards.
This standard does not cover the specific structure of the turbine and various components.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 9239.1-2006 Mechanical vibration constant (rigid) rotor balance quality requirements Part 1. Specification and balance tolerance
Inspection (ISO 1940-1.2003, IDT)
ISO 1680 Acoustics - Measurement of airborne noise test procedures for rotary electric machines (Acoustics-Testcode
Forthemeasurementofairbornenoiseemittedbyrotatingelectricalmachinery)
ISO 3746 Acoustic Sound Pressure Method for the Determination of Sound Sources and Acoustic Levels of Noise Sources
Acoustics-Determinationofsoundpowerlevelsofnoisesourcesusingsoundpressure-Survey
Methodusinganenvelopingmeasurementsurfaceoverareflectingplane)
ISO 4373 Measuring device for measuring water level in open channel water flow (Hydrometry-Waterlevelmeasuringdevices)
ISO 4412 (all parts) Hydraulic and hydraulic transmission air noise level detection procedures (Hydraulicfluidpower-Testcode
Fordeterminationofairbornenoiselevels)
ISO 5168 Fluid Flow Measurement Uncertainty Evaluation Procedure (Measurementoffluidflow-Proceduresforthe
Evaluationofuncertainties)
ISO 7919-5 Mechanical vibration evaluation of mechanical vibrations - Part 5. Mechanical setups in hydropower stations and pumping stations (Me-
chanicalvibration-Evaluationofmachinevibrationbymeasurementsonrotatingshafts-Part 5.Ma-
Chinesetsinhydraulicpowergeneratingandpumpingplants)
ISO 10816-3 Mechanical vibration evaluation of non-rotating parts of mechanical vibrations - Part 3.
Machinery with rated speed between 120r/min and 15000r/min (Mechanicalvibration-Evaluationofmachine
vibrationbymeasurementsonnon-rotatingparts-Part 3.Industrialmachineswithnominalpowera-
Bove15kWandnominalspeedsbetween120r/minand15000r/minwhenmeasuredinsitu)
IEC 60041.1991 Field performance test for hydraulic performance of turbines, accumulator pumps and pump turbines (Fieldacceptanceteststo
Determinethehydraulicperformanceofhydraulicturbines,storagepumpsandpumpturbines)
IEC 60193 Hydraulic Turbine, Energy Storage Pump and Pump Turbine Model Acceptance Test (Hydraulicturbines, storagepumps
andpump-turbines-Modelacceptancetests)
IEC 60308 Hydraulic Turbine Governor System Test Procedure (Hydraulicturbines-Testingofcontrolsystems)
Air erosion assessment of IEC 60609 turbines, accumulator pumps and pump turbines (Hydraulicturbines, storagepumpsand
pump-turbines-Cavitationpittingevaluation)
IEC 60651 Sound Level Meters (Specification forsoundlevelmeters)
IEC 61362 Hydraulic Turbine Conditioning System Specification Guide (Guidetospecificationhydrilityturbinecontrolsys-
Tems)
ANSI/IEEE810 Turbine and Generator Forging Shaft Flange and Shaft Swing Allowance (Hydraulicturbineandgenerator
Integralforgedshaftcouplingsandshaftrunouttolerances)
3 terms, definitions and schematics
3.1 Terms and definitions
See Appendix A for a complete list of terms and definitions.
3.2 Schematic diagram of hydroelectric generating set
The flow channel of a hydropower station consists of three distinct sections (see Figure 1).
---Upstream runner;
--- Turbine section (between high pressure reference section 1 and low pressure reference section 2);
--- Downstream runners.
Note 1. The hydraulic loss in the upstream and downstream runners should not be attributed to the turbine, but it may affect the hydraulic conditions of the turbine section and reduce the effectiveness of the turbine.
rate. When measuring turbine efficiency, only the energy loss within the turbine section needs to be considered. If it is not possible in the high pressure reference section 1 and the low pressure reference section 2
The energy of the turbine is measured, and the supply and demand sides can agree to change the position of the measurement section.
Note 2. The definitions of the high pressure reference section 1 and the low pressure reference section 2 and the head and specific energy of the most common small turbines are given in Appendix B.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the water turbine generator set
4 Test level and range
4.1 Guaranteed test level
4.1.1 General requirements
The test range of the hydro-generator set is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Test range
Class A routine test (instrument measurement)
B grade extension test
C grade comprehensive test
Measurement level CBA reference chapter
Safety acceptance test before trial operation 5
Pre-start test (anhydrous test) is yes 5.1
Water flow shut-off device (waterless and water-filled test) is 5.2
The first boot operation (water test) is 5.3
The bearing running at rated speed is 5.4
The emergency stop under no-load conditions is 5.5
Electrical protection is 5.6
The overspeed test is 5.7
Feiyi test does not/choose not/choose not/choose 5.8
Overpressure, emergency shutdown and load rejection test is 5.9
Operation and reliability test (trial operation) 6
The temperature stability of the rotating part is 6.2
Speed control system is/select yes/select yes/select 6.3
The joint relationship test (double adjustment turbine) is 6.4
Performance Guarantee Test 7
a) The maximum output power of the generator (transformer) * * is 7.2
b) Index test 7.3
--- Characteristic curve shape control * Yes - 7.3.3
---The relative efficiency of the power station * Yes - 7.3.4
---Optimize the association relationship * * * 7.3.5
d) Efficiency test 7.4
--- Using absolute flow measurement is - - 7.4.1
--- Using thermodynamics is - - 7.4.2
The result of calculation and comparison is yes 8
The error analysis is yes 9
Other guarantees 10
Cavitation is/choice yes/select yes/select 10.1
Noise does not/choose not/choose not/select 10.2
Vibration does not/choose not/choose not/select 10.3
Note. Yes. contract requirements;
Yes/Selection. Usually yes, but depending on turbine type and site conditions;
No/selection. usually no, but depending on the turbine type and site conditions;
-. No.
*. Included in other trials.
4.1.2 Contract conditions
The guaranteed value of the turbine shall be specified in the contract and includes the test range and the level of the measuring equipment. The safety test shall also always include
Internal conditions such as plant conditions, water quality and installation elevation should also be specified (see Appendix F).
4.2 Performance guarantee range
4.2.1 General requirements
All guaranteed values relate to the hydraulic runner (turbine section) between the reference planes 1 and 2 and the corresponding net head. Guaranteed by each level
Its corresponding data.
4.2.2 Level A. Maximum Output Power
a) The maximum output power of the generator, including the loss of a) to d) in 4.2.5 Pgen,max=f(H)
b) The maximum output power of the transformer, including the loss of a) to e) in 4.2.5, Pmax, max=f(H)
1) Output power - net head curve, see Figure 15;
2) Flow-turbine opening curve, see Figure B.18;
3) See Figure D for the electrical connection diagram.
4.2.3 Grade B. Index Test
Determine the characteristic curve of the newly commissioned turbine, or compare the efficiency of the turbine before and after the transformation of the power station.
a) Characteristic curve shape control ηix=f(Pt)
1) The shape of the expected efficiency curve of the power station, see Figure 16;
2) Possible deviation of the curve, see Figure 16;
3) When measuring the head and ensuring that the head change is greater than 3%, the turbine operating characteristic curve is shown in Figure 19.
Note. Shape control refers to determining the characteristic curve and the relative efficiency of the turbine.
b) Relative efficiency of power station ηplant, ix=f(Pout)
1) Operating characteristic curve, see Figure 19;
2) Generator loss, see Appendix D;
3) See Figure D for the electrical connection diagram.
c) Optimization of the coordination relationship of the double-regulating turbine
For the relationship between the vane opening and the blade angle under static head conditions, see Appendix I.
4.2.4 Class C. Turbine efficiency
a) Absolute flow measurement ηt=f(Pt)
b) Thermodynamic method ηt=f(Pt)
1) Operating characteristic curve, see Figure 19;
2) Generator loss, see Appendix D;
3) See Figure D for the electrical connection diagram.
4.2.5 Explanation of loss
All parties should agree on the following explanations for the losses caused by mechanical and electrical equipment.
a) turbine bearings and associated equipment;
b) mechanical energy transmission equipment such as gears and conveyor belts;
c) generators, including bearings, excitation systems, mechanical transmissions or electrical connection equipment;
d) mechanical or electrical drive attachments;
e) Transformer.
The following subsystems and devices are not considered.
a) water removal equipment (mud pump);
b) a temporary heating or cooling system;
c) Lighting equipment.
4.3 Test range
4.3.1 Safety acceptance test
If the test results indicate that the unit is not safe to operate, the next step cannot be performed until the fault is found and evaluated.
repair.
4.3.2 Test run and reliability test
After all safety tests have been completed and all tests performed are within the permissible limits, a limited time trial run can be initiated. Trial operation
The line should be no less than 72h.
4.3.3 Performance test
a) General test conditions are as follows.
1) Test method. The measurement and calculation methods of parameters such as flow, power, head, efficiency, speed and loss should be in the general procedure.
Clarify
2) Data points, operating cycles and readings. data points required for the curves in Figure 15 (Level A), Figure 16 (Class B), Figure 18 (Class C)
At least 6, preferably 8 to 10. Each data point is obtained from one or more run cycles (see Figure 25 and Table)
H.4). The number of measurements in one run depends on the measurement method used. In order to eliminate outliers, whether it is prescribed
The measurement of time or any time-based measurement shall be no less than 3 operating cycles;
3) The time interval at which the measuring instrument records data shall be consistent with any variable;
4) Small turbines are usually composed of standard components and should be prevented from running beyond force.
b) The test conditions to be met are as follows.
1) Pulsation and fluctuations in one operating cycle (see Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 24). Pulsation refers to power, head, flow, and
The high-frequency variation of the rotational speed and other parameters relative to the average value greater than 1 Hz, usually by rivers, pipelines, reservoirs, pressure water pipes and vents
Water head and pressure changes in peripheral areas such as water pipes; fluctuations are long-term changes or trends;
2) The maximum fluctuation of power should not exceed 1.5% of its average value;
3) The maximum fluctuation of the head (pressure) should not exceed 0.5% of its average value;
4) The maximum value of the fluctuation of the speed should not exceed 0.5% of its average value.
c) The inspection requirements after the test are as follows.
1) The preliminary calculation of the test results s...
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