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GB/T 21526-2025: Structural adhesives - Directives for the surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding
Status: Valid GB/T 21526: Evolution and historical versions
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Structural adhesives - Directives for the surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding
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GB/T 21526-2025
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| GB/T 21526-2008 | English | 474 |
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Structural adhesives -- Guidelines for the surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding
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GB/T 21526-2008
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 21526-2025 (GB/T21526-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Structural adhesives - Directives for the surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G38 | | Classification of International Standard | 83.180 | | Word Count Estimation | 34,338 | | Date of Issue | 2025-08-29 | | Date of Implementation | 2026-03-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 21526-2008 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | GB/T 21526-2025: Structural adhesives - Directives for the surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding
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ICS 83.180
CCSG38
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 21526-2008
Structural adhesives for bonding metal and plastic surfaces
Processing Guidelines
Released on August 29, 2025
Implementation on March 1, 2026
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
Preface
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents"
Drafting.
This document replaces GB/T 21526-2008 "Guidelines for surface preparation of metals and plastics before bonding with structural adhesives" and is in line with GB/T 21526-
Compared with.2008, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) The "Scope" has been changed (see Chapter 1 and Appendix C, 1.2 and 1.3 of the.2008 edition);
b) “Terms and Definitions” has been modified (see Chapter 3, Chapter 3 of the.2008 edition);
c) Change “dry air” to “clean, dry, oil-free air” (see 6.1.1,.2008 edition);
d) Added notes on the polishing part of the physical method (see 6.1.1, 6.1.1 of the.2008 edition);
e) The particle size of wet sandblasting abrasives in the sandblasting section of the physical method has been changed (see 6.1.2, 6.1.2 of the.2008 edition);
f) Added the abbreviations of some materials in Table 2 of 6.3.1 (see Table 2 of 6.3.1,.2008 edition);
g) Modified the following section of Chapter 7, Metal Material Processing Methods and Technologies.
--- Changed Method 4 for aluminum and its alloys and added Method 5 (see 7.2.1.1, 7.2.1.1 of the.2008 edition).
--- Changed the handling methods and warnings for magnesium and its alloys (see 7.2.1.5, 7.2.1.5 of the.2008 edition).
--- Changed the third method for steel (stainless steel), cleaning solution, and deleted the chromic acid etching solution (see 7.2.1.8, 7.2.1.8 of the.2008 edition).
--- Changed Method 2 for titanium and its alloys, detergent, etching solution and anodizing solution, and added Method 3 (see 7.2.1.10,
7.2.1.10 of the.2008 edition);
h) Modified the technical part of Chapter 7 on plastic material processing methods.
--- Changed the treatment method of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and deleted the etching solution part (see 7.2.2.1,.2008
Version 7.2.2.1),
--- Deleted the second treatment method for polyethylene (see 7.2.2.5.2 of the.2008 edition).
--- Changed the treatment method of polypropylene (see 7.2.2.6, 7.2.2.6 of the.2008 edition),
--- Changed the treatment method of polytetrafluoroethylene (see 7.2.2.7, 7.2.2.7 of the.2008 edition).
This document is modified to adopt ISO 17212.2012 “Guide for surface preparation of metals and plastics before bonding with structural adhesives”.
Compared with ISO 17212.2012, this document has some structural adjustments.
See Appendix A.
This document has some technical differences compared to ISO 17212.2012.
A list of technical differences and their causes is provided in Appendix B.
The following editorial changes have been made to this document.
--- Change the name of the standard to "Guidelines for Surface Preparation of Metals and Plastics Before Bonding with Structural Adhesives".
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Adhesives (SAC/TC185).
This document was drafted by. Kangda New Materials (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Rubber Products Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yantai Debang Technology
Co., Ltd., China Academy of Building Research Co., Ltd., Yantai Harbin Engineering University Research Institute, Beijing Tianshan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.
Company, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Petrochemical Research Institute, Jinan North Taihe New Materials Co., Ltd., Shanghai Jianke Inspection Co., Ltd., Shenzhen
Huatianqi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Baiyun Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Liri Chemical New Materials Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Zhijiang New Materials Co., Ltd.
Co., Ltd., AECC Beijing Research Institute of Aeronautical Materials, and Shanghai University of Engineering Science.
The main drafters of this document are. Li Yunhua, Shen Yan, Jiang Guilin, Zeng Bing, Zhang Chunhong, Qu Huifang, Zhu Jinhua, Li Haizhu, Gao Jue, Fu Pan,
Lou Xingyuan, Zhu Ailan, Zhao Youzhong, Kuai Yu, Zhao Shenglong, Jiang Liping, and Li Jun.
The previous versions of this document and the documents it replaces are as follows.
--- GB/T 21526-2008 was first issued in.2008;
---This is the first revision.
introduction
The bonding effect of different materials is different. Some materials cannot be bonded without special treatment. The effect of surface bonding depends on the surface treatment process.
The strength, joint design, function to be achieved (bonding, sealing, etc.) and the environment in which it is used.
Most adhesives require a certain degree of surface treatment before bonding.
Surfaces that are susceptible to corrosion or attack by solvents often require special treatment.
Most common metals bond well when properly prepared. Unless there are contaminants or residual release agents, thermoset plastics
Composites such as epoxy and polyester usually bond well without treatment. Most thermoplastics, however, require treatment due to their low surface energy.
Special surface treatment.
Some coatings can provide excellent surface adhesion, especially water-based cationic electrophoretic primers used in the automotive industry.
The stability of the interface needs to be checked. The surface of the coating, even a fresh surface, needs to be treated to increase the free energy and make it easier to wet.
Some adhesives have the ability to dissolve light oils and certain polymer materials. For joints that do not involve "safety requirements", some
The surface does not require any treatment before bonding.
To achieve the best environmental durability of the joint, the traditional treatment method usually consists of the following three steps, but not every step is necessary.
Required.
---Remove pollutants;
---Physically induced surface modification;
---Chemical treatment.
However, legal requirements are driving the development and introduction of new methods, guiding the combination of the above steps and gradually eliminating some harmful
More potent chemicals.
Some common treatment methods, although there will be some differences in the details, but most of the surface treatment of thermosetting and thermoplastic plastics can be applied.
In contrast, different metal and alloy surfaces usually require different treatment methods. In order to achieve the best durability of metal joints,
Often complex and special processing methods need to be introduced.
This document describes some basic methods for the surface treatment of metals, alloys and plastics (see Chapter 7).
Structural adhesives for bonding metal and plastic surfaces
Processing Guidelines
1 Scope
This document provides and describes a general method for surface preparation of components prior to bonding, for use in laboratory evaluation or during construction.
This document applies to common metal, alloy and plastic surfaces.
The materials applicable to this document are listed in Appendix C.
NOTE. The various methods described in this document for surface cleaning and modification may be combined to form the most effective treatment to achieve the desired result for the adhesive joint.
Required environmental durability.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.
For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
This document.
GB/T 2035 Plastics Terminology (GB/T 2035-2024, ISO 472.2013, NEQ)
GB/T 2943 Adhesive Terminology
EN2243-5 Aerospace series non-metallic structural adhesives test methods aging test (Aerospaceseries-
Non-metalicmaterials-Structuraladhesives-Testmethod-Part 5.Ageingtests)
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2035, GB/T 2943 and the following apply to this document.
3.1
plastic
A material with polymer as the main component, which is formed into the final product through flow molding.
NOTE. Due to the special requirements of this document, "plastic" also includes coatings. In the following text, only a few coated surfaces can withstand overload loads, but they are used in automotive industry.
The exceptions are water-based electrochemical coatings for the industrial sector and acrylic, epoxy and polyester based coatings for pre-coating of metal sheets.
3.2
scarification
A process for roughening the surface of metals and plastics (including coatings) by grinding or sandblasting to improve the final performance of adhesive joints.
4.Security
Users of this document are expected to be familiar with general laboratory practice and principles of industrial hygiene.
This document does not list all safety issues. Users are responsible for establishing their own operations that comply with relevant national health, safety and environmental regulations.
Regulations.
Concentrated acids, concentrated bases, and oxidizing agents (such as chromium trioxide, dichromates, and chromium-containing solutions) are highly corrosive chemicals.
It can cause serious damage to skin and eyes and damage ordinary clothing. When using these chemicals, you should wear protective equipment (such as work clothes, gloves, etc.)
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