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GB/T 18329.3-2021: Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 3: Non-destructive penetrant testing
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Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 3: Non-destructive penetrant testing
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GB/T 18329.3-2021
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 18329.3-2021 (GB/T18329.3-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 3: Non-destructive penetrant testing | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J12 | | Word Count Estimation | 10,119 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 18329.3-2021: Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 3: Non-destructive penetrant testing
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 3.Non-destructive penetrant testing
ICS 21.100.10
J12
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Multi-layer metal sliding bearings
Part 3.Non-destructive penetrant inspection
(ISO 4386-3.2018,MOD)
Released on 2021-03-09
2021-10-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Foreword
GB/T 18329 ``Multilayer Metal Sliding Bearings for Sliding Bearings'' is divided into the following 4 parts.
---Part 1.Ultrasonic non-destructive testing of bond strength;
---Part 2.Destructive test of bond strength of alloy thickness ≥ 2mm;
---Part 3.Non-destructive penetration inspection;
---Part 4.Ultrasonic penetration non-destructive testing of the bonding quality of alloy thickness ≥ 0.3mm.
This part is Part 3 of GB/T 18329.
This section was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part uses the redrafting method to modify and adopt ISO 4386-3.2018 ``Sliding Bearings Multilayer Metal Sliding Bearings Part 3.None
Damage and Penetration Inspection.
The technical differences between this part and ISO 4386-3.2018 and the reasons are as follows.
---Because ASTME1417 quoted in 8.2 does not correspond to national standards or industry standards, and the penetrant used in domestic production and
The developer products are not currently compliant with ASTME1417.In order to meet the actual production and use needs of our country, it is added on the basis of the original requirements.
Negotiate the choice of terms and give the possible results in the form of "notes".
This part was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Sliding Bearing Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC236).
Drafting organizations of this section. China Machinery Productivity Promotion Center, Hunan Chongde Technology Co., Ltd., Shenke Sliding Bearing Co., Ltd.,
Zhejiang Zhuji Bearing Factory Co., Ltd., Yixing Huanyu Bearing Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Changsheng Sliding Bearing Co., Ltd., Zhejiang
Shuangfei Oilless Bearing Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Zhongda Precision Components Co., Ltd., Lin'an Dongfang Sliding Bearing Co., Ltd., Jiashan Sanfu
Sliding Bearing Co., Ltd., Jiaxing Meiteer Baoxin Machinery Industry Co., Ltd.
This part is explained by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Sliding Bearings.
Multi-layer metal sliding bearings
Part 3.Non-destructive penetrant inspection
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 18329 specifies the non-destructive leakage for determining bearing bonding defects and sliding surface defects (i.e. surface discontinuities).
Through inspection method. This method is suitable for inspection.
a) The end face and the counter face of the multi-layer sliding bearing are located in the transition area between the bearing backing and the bearing alloy material, and cannot be
GB/T 18329.1 conducts ultrasonic inspection for bonding defects.
b) Defects in the sliding surface of the bearing.
Penetration inspection is generally carried out after finishing the multi-layer sliding bearing.
The inspection of combined defects is usually applicable to multilayer sliding bearings composed of steel, cast steel or cast bronze as the backing material, and can also be used for other bearings
The material of the bearing product is combined with the auxiliary inspection of the defect during the processing. Bearing backing materials that cannot be tinned or difficult to tin, such as pearlite
Special cast iron materials, stainless steel or cast aluminum, because there is no bonding layer between the bearing backing and the bearing alloy material, this method cannot be used to test the bonding
defect.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 18329.1 Ultrasonic non-destructive testing of the bonding strength of multi-layer metal sliding bearings of sliding bearings (GB/T 18329.1-
2001, idtISO 4386-1.1992)
ASTME1417 Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing (Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing)
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are given in this section.
4 Safety precautions
Penetration inspection often uses harmful, flammable and/or volatile substances, so accident prevention, toxic substance disposal and environmental protection should be adopted
And other relevant protective measures. The inspection should be carried out by qualified personnel with penetrant inspection qualifications.
5 Preparation of the surface to be inspected
5.1 General
The surface to be inspected should be free of residues to allow penetration of the penetrant. The residual metal burrs or metal shavings caused by machining should be mechanically used
For removal, the attached oil and grease should be removed by chemical methods. The surface to be inspected should be thoroughly dried at a temperature not exceeding 55°C.
The surface roughness of the surface to be inspected should satisfy Ra≤5μm.
5.2 Mechanical pretreatment
Appropriate methods such as brushing and grinding should be used to remove rust. In the pretreatment process, it should be ensured that the defects are not blocked. If necessary, mechanical
Surface etching treatment is recommended after treatment. After the surface etching treatment, the surface to be inspected should be thoroughly rinsed and dried.
5.3 Chemical pretreatment
Suitable chemical cleaning agents (such as degreasing agents, etching or paint removers) should be used to remove surface residues. After the chemical cleaning is completed, all remaining
All substances should be completely removed, such as washing the surface to be inspected with water.
5.4 Drying
After pretreatment, the surface to be inspected should be dried to ensure that there is no moisture or cleaning agent residue on the surface defects.
6 Penetration treatment
6.1 Water-washing or solvent-removing penetrants should be used during the inspection. The temperature of the surface to be inspected should be between 10°C and 50°C.
Note. Penetrants with higher viscosity can improve cleaning safety.
6.2 The penetrant should be applied by immersion, brushing or spraying. The penetration time should be controlled between 10min and 20min. for
For penetrants with higher viscosity, the penetration time should be at least 20min. During the entire penetration time, the surface to be inspected should always remain sufficiently wet.
7 Removal of excess penetrant
Water (non-organic solvent) should be used to remove excess penetrant by flushing or spraying, and the cleaning water pressure should be less than 0.2MPa (2bar); should be used
Dip a clean lint-free cloth with a little cleaning agent of the same family to gently remove the solvent-removing penetrant. Follow the instructions of the penetrant manufacturer to avoid
Avoid over-rinsing. It should be ensured that the penetrant is completely removed from the surface to be inspected, especially the grooves, grooves and corners. Water or organic solvent used to remove penetrant
The temperature of the agent should not exceed 50°C.
8 Use of imaging agent
8.1 General
The developer should be applied immediately after the surface to be inspected is completely dry.
The imaging agent is a powder suspension, which should be shaken evenly before use. It can be applied by spray gun or spray can to ensure that a thin surface is formed on the surface to be inspected.
And a uniform covering layer. The thickness of the imaging agent covering layer should meet the requirements of the reagent manufacturer.
When a fluorescent penetrant is used, the penetrant powder can be packed in a dust box.
Since the penetrant diffuses rapidly in the imaging agent, the expansion of the imaging agent should be observed in time after the application of the imaging agent to facilitate the correct evaluation of defects
Show traces. The evaluation of the test results should be carried out within 10min~20min. The display of some small and uniform spots is allowed.
8.2 Selection of penetrant and imaging agent
Penetrant and imaging agent chemical products should meet ASTME1417 or equivalent regulations, and other penetration agents that meet the user's testing requirements
Agents and imaging agent products can also be negotiated.
Note. The defect rating results obtained by using different penetrant and imaging agent chemical products may be different.
Penetrants and imaging agents should be used before the expiry date specified by the manufacturer.
9 Inspection
9.1 Combining defects
The defect indication marks on the end face or the counter face of the multi-layer sliding bearing in the transition area between the bearing backing and the bearing alloy material shall be
GB/T 18329.1 for evaluation.
9.2 Sliding surface
The display traces of surface defects caused by tool scratches or peeling of surface grains may affect the evaluation, and the surface to be inspected should be refined.
Perform inspection after work.
A single display trace whose size does not exceed 1.5mm should be ignored.
The surface inspection results should be evaluated and graded according to Figure A.2~Figure A.6 in Appendix A, and divided into five qualities from A to E in descending order.
Level (see Appendix A).
The evaluation frame can be square or rectangular, and its area should be 1dm2.
10 post-processing
After the inspection, only when the penetrant may have an impact on the subsequent process or use, it is necessary to use appropriate methods to remove it.
11 Inspection report
The inspection report should include the following.
b) The size and material of the sliding bearing;
c) The name, manufacturer, model and batch number of the inspected material;
d) The inspection results of the transition area of the bearing backing and the bearing alloy material bonding layer, the description of the allowable defects and the defects that have been found
category;
e) The inspection results of the sliding surface, the description of the allowable defects and the level of the defects found;
f) Inspection time, place and inspector's signature.
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