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GB 51348-2019: Standard for electrical design of civil buildings
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Standard for electrical design of civil buildings
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GB 51348-2019
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 51348-2019 (GB51348-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Standard for electrical design of civil buildings | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P60 | | Word Count Estimation | 795,727 | | Date of Issue | 2019-11-22 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-08-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | JGJ 16-2008 | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Announcement No. 314 of 2019 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation | GB 51348-2019: Standard for electrical design of civil buildings---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to implement the national technical and economic policies in the electrical design of civil buildings, to achieve safety, reliability, economical rationality, advanced technology, overall aesthetics, and convenient maintenance and management.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the electrical design of newly-built, rebuilt and expanded single and group civil buildings, but not applicable to the electrical design of gas pressurization stations and automobile gas stations.
1.0.3 The electrical design of civil buildings should embody people-oriented, take comprehensive control of electromagnetic pollution, sound pollution and light pollution, meet the requirements of relevant environmental protection standards, and ensure the safety of the living environment.
1.0.4 The system configuration level of electrical design for civil buildings should be compatible with the functional requirements and nature of use of the project.
1.0.5 The electrical design of civil buildings should adopt mature and effective energy-saving measures, rationally adopt distributed energy sources, reduce energy consumption, and promote the development of green buildings.
1.0.6 For the electrical design of civil buildings, products that meet the current national standards should be selected, and products that meet international advanced standards and meet engineering requirements can also be used. It is strictly forbidden to use products that have been eliminated by the state.
1.0.7 The electrical design of civil buildings should adopt new technologies that have been proven effective in practice to improve economic and social benefits.
1.0.8 In addition to complying with this standard, the electrical design of civil buildings shall also comply with the current relevant national standards.
2 Terms and abbreviations
2.1 Terminology
2.1.1 standby power supply
The power required to maintain electrical installations or lighting systems when the normal power supply is cut off.
2.1.2 emergency power supply (EPS)
A power source used as part of an emergency power supply system.
2.1.3 uninterruptible power supply (UPS)
It can provide uninterrupted power supply backup power supply device that meets the power supply quality requirements of electronic information equipment and computer systems.
2.1.4 protective conductor protective conductor
Composed of a protective bonding conductor, a protective grounding conductor and a grounding conductor, it is a conductor for safety protection.
2.1.5 Earth conductor
A conductor that provides a conductive path or a part of a conductive path between the general ground terminal of the wiring system, electrical device or electrical equipment and the ground electrode or ground grid.
2.1.6 protective earth conductor (PE) protective earth conductor
Conductor for protective earthing.
2.1.7 Protective bonding conductor protective bonding conductor
Conductors for the protection of equipotential bonding.
2.1.8 neutral conductor (N) neutral conductor
A conductor connected to a neutral point and used for distribution of electricity.
2.1.9 Protective Earthed Neutral Conductor (PEN)
A conductor that has both the functions of a protective earthing conductor and a neutral conductor.
2.1.10 earthing busbar
A protective conductor directly connected to the main grounding busbar (terminal), grounding pole or grounding grid.
2.1.11 Main earthing terminal
Main earth busbar main earth busbar
Part of the grounding arrangement of electrical installations and can be used for terminals or busbars that are electrically connected to multiple grounding conductors.
2.1.12 residual current residual current
The vector sum of the current values of all charged bodies at a given point in an electrical circuit.
2.1.13 extra-low voltage (ELV)
The phase-to-phase voltage or the phase-to-ground voltage does not exceed the AC root mean square value of 50V, that is, the voltage that meets the relevant Class I voltage limits stipulated in the current national standard "Voltage Sections of Electrical Installations in Buildings" GB/T 18379.
2.1.14 safety extra low voltage system safety extra low voltage system (SELV)
An electrical system that is not earthed under normal conditions and whose voltage does not exceed extra-low voltage.
2.1.15 protection of extra low voltage system protection of extra low voltage system (PELV)
An electrical system that is normally earthed and whose voltage does not exceed extra-low voltage.
2.1.16 Exposed conductive part exposed-conductive-part
The conductive part that can be touched on the electrical equipment.
2.1.17 External conductive part extraneous-conductive-part
A conductive part that is not an integral part of an electrical device and is liable to be introduced into a potential.
2.1.18 Protective grounding protective earth; protective grounding
For electrical safety, connecting exposed conductive parts of a system, installation or equipment to a protective earthing conductor.
2.1.19 functional earthing; functional grounding
For purposes other than electrical safety, the grounding required to ensure the normal and stable operation of a system, device or equipment.
2.1.20 Functional switching device functional switching device
An electrical appliance that switches on, off or converts the power supply of electrical circuits or electrical equipment for the normal operation of electrical circuits or electrical equipment.
2.1.21 earth fault; ground fault
Unintentional conductive path between a live conductor and earth.
2.1.22 grounding configuration earthing arrangement; grounding arrangement
Earthing system earthing system
All electrical connections and devices involved in the grounding of systems, installations and equipment are called grounding arrangements, also known as grounding systems.
2.1.23 earth electrode; ground electrode
A conductive part that is buried in soil or a specific conductive medium and has electrical contact with the earth.
2.1.24 earth-electrode network; ground-electrode network
An integral part of a grounding arrangement consisting only of grounding electrodes and their interconnections.
2.1.25 Equipotential bonding equipotential bonding
An electrical connection between multiple conductive parts in order to achieve equipotentiality.
2.1.26 lightning protection device
The sum of air receptors, down conductors, grounding grids, surge protectors and other connecting conductors.
2.1.27 Lightning surge on incoming services
Due to the action of lightning on overhead lines or metal pipelines, lightning waves may invade the house along these pipelines, endangering personal safety or damaging equipment.
2.1.28 lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP)
The lightning current as the source of interference and the electromagnetic field effect generated by the lightning electromagnetic field.
2.1.29 lightning protection zone
Areas requiring regulation and control of the lightning electromagnetic environment.
2.1.30 protection area
The area or part where the protected target is located where the public is allowed to enter and exit.
2.1.31 restricted area
A protected area or part that does not allow unauthorized personnel to enter or exit (or peep).
2.1.32 blind zone
Within the warning range, the area that cannot be covered by safety precautions.
2.1.33 Depth protection longitudinal-depth protection
According to the environmental conditions of the protected object and the requirements of safety management, the protection measures for the entire protection area are implemented layer by layer from outside to inside or from inside to outside, which are divided into two types. overall protection in depth and partial protection in depth.
2.1.34 maximum sound pressure level maximum sound pressure level
The highest steady-state sound pressure level produced by a sound reinforcement system in the auditorium.
2.1.35 transmission frequency characteristic transmission frequency characteristic
The average value of the steady-state sound pressure level at each measuring point in the hall, relative to the sound pressure level at the microphone of the sound reinforcement system or the amplitude-frequency response of the voltage at the input terminal of the sound reinforcement equipment.
2.1.36 Sound transmission gain
When the sound reinforcement system reaches the available gain, the difference between the average value of the steady-state sound pressure level at each measurement point in the sound field and the sound pressure level at the microphone of the sound reinforcement system.
2.1.37 Sound field nonuniformity
During sound reinforcement, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the steady-state sound pressure level obtained at each measurement point in the hall is expressed in dB.
2.1.38 building automation system (BAS)
A comprehensive system that centrally monitors, controls and manages electromechanical equipment or systems such as electricity, lighting, air conditioning, water supply and drainage in buildings (groups). It is usually a computer control system with decentralized control and centralized monitoring and management, also known as building equipment monitoring system.
2.1.39 Distributed computer system distributed computer system (DCS)
Distributed detection and control are realized by multiple computers scattered on site, and then a unified computer system is formed through the Internet. Distributed computer system is a new form of various computer systems, and its core is centralized management and decentralized control.
2.1.40 field bus control system field bus control system (FCS)
The digital, serial, multipoint communication data bus between the field devices installed in the manufacturing or process area and the automatic control devices in the control room is called field bus. It interconnects various controllers and instrumentation equipment on site to form a field bus control system; it completely decentralizes the control function to the site.
2.1.41 generic cabling system
A building or building group is composed of various cables, jumpers, plug cords and connecting devices that support the connection of information electronic equipment, and can meet the requirements of information transmission such as voice, data, graphics and video.
2.1.42 electromagnetic environment electromagnetic environment
The sum of all electromagnetic phenomena present at a given location.
2.1.43 Electromagnetic compatibility electromagnetic compatibility
The ability of a device or system to work normally in its electromagnetic environment without causing unacceptable electromagnetic disturbance to other devices and systems in the environment.
2.1.44 Electromagnetic interferenceelectromagnetic interference
The degradation of equipment, transmission channel or system performance caused by electromagnetic disturbance.
2.1.45 electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic radiation
The phenomenon in which energy is emitted from a source into space in the form of electromagnetic waves and the energy propagates in space in the form of electromagnetic waves.
2.1.46 electromagnetic shielding electromagnetic shielding
A shield made of conductive material to attenuate the penetration of changing electromagnetic fields into a given area.
2.1.47 electronic information system electronic information system
Composed of electronic equipment such as computers, wired/wireless communication equipment, processing equipment, control equipment, and related supporting equipment, facilities (including networks), collect, process, store, transmit, and collect information according to certain application purposes and rules Man-machine system for retrieval and other processing.
2.1.48 power over ethernet (POE)
Power over Ethernet refers to a technology that transmits data signals for some IP-based terminals and at the same time provides power for such devices without any changes to the existing Ethernet wiring infrastructure. It is referred to as POE for short.
2.1.49 Redundant arrays of independent disks (RAID)
Redundant Array of Independent Disks. RAID is a technology that combines multiple independent hard disks (physical hard disks) in different ways to form a hard disk group (logical hard disk), thereby providing higher storage performance and data backup than a single hard disk.
2.2 Abbreviations
AI (Analog Input) analog input (mode input) AO (Analog Output) analog output (mode output) ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) asynchronous transfer mode
BAS (Building Automation System) building automation system
BD (Building Distributor) building wiring equipment (frame) BMS (Building Management System) building equipment management system
CD (Campus Distributor) building complex wiring equipment
CP (Consolidation Point) assembly point
DDC (Direct Digital Control) direct digital controller
DI (Digital Input) switch (digital) input (open input) DO (Digital Output) switch (digital) output (open output) FAS (Fire Alarm System) automatic fire alarm system
FD (Floor Distributor) floor wiring equipment
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) Integrated Services Digital Network
I/O (Input/Output) input/output
KB (Kilobyte) kilobit (kilobyte) LED (Light Emitting Diode) light-emitting diode display
NTU (Network Terminal Unit) network terminal equipment
PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) Programmable Logic Controller
PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) public telephone network
RAM (Random Access Memory) random access memory
ROM (Read Only Memory) read-only memory
SAS (Security Protection & Alarm System) security protection system
SPD (Surge Protect Device) surge protector
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TE (Terminal Equipment) terminal equipment
TO (Telecommunication Outlet) information socket
VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) virtual local area network
3 power supply and distribution system
3.1 General provisions
3.1.1 This chapter is applicable to the design of power supply and distribution systems of 35kV and below in civil buildings.
3.1.2 The design of the power supply and distribution system should be based on the load nature of civil construction projects, power consumption capacity, project characteristics, system scale and development planning, and local power supply conditions, and reasonably determine the design scheme.
3.1.3 The design of the power supply and distribution system should be simple and reliable, reduce power loss, facilitate maintenance and management, and take into account the needs of future development while meeting the current use requirements.
3.1.4 The design of the power supply and distribution system shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Power Supply and Distribution System" GB 50052.
3.2 Load classification and power supply requirements
3.2.1 The power load shall be determined according to the requirements for power supply reliability and the loss or impact caused by interruption of power supply, and shall meet the following requirements.
1 When one of the following conditions is met, it shall be rated as Class I load.
1) Interruption of power supply will cause personal injury;
2) Interruption of power supply will cause major losses or major impacts;
3) Interruption of power supply will affect the normal work of important power consumers, or cause serious disorder in crowded public places.
The loads that do not allow interruption of power supply in particularly important places shall be designated as particularly important loads in the first-level loads.
2 When one of the following conditions is met, it shall be rated as a secondary load.
1) Interruption of power supply will cause greater losses or greater impact;
2) Interruption of power supply will affect the normal work of more important power consumers or cause chaos in crowded public places.
3 Electricity loads that do not belong to Class I and Class II shall be classified as Class III loads
3.2.2 The main electricity load levels of various buildings or places in civil buildings can be selected according to Appendix A of this standard.
3.2.3 The fire protection load of super high-rise public buildings of 150m and above shall be a particularly important load in the first-level load.
3.2.4 When there are particularly important loads among the primary loads in the main building, the air-conditioning equipment to ensure its normal operation should be the primary load; when there are a large number of primary loads in the main building, the air-conditioning equipment to ensure its normal operation should be secondary load.
3.2.5 The load level of the AC power supply for important telecommunication equipment rooms should not be lower than the highest level of electricity load in the building.
3.2.6 The power load of the water supply pump room, heating boiler room and heat exchange station in the residential area should not be lower than the second level.
3.2.7 For secondary lighting power consumption in large-area places such as large and medium-sized shopping malls, supermarket business halls, large-bay offices, traffic waiting/waiting halls, and underground parking garages, two low-voltage circuits with dual power supplies should be used for cross-supply power supply.
3.2.8 The primary load should be powered by dual power sources. When one power source fails, the other power source should not be damaged at the same time
3.2.9 For the particularly important load in the primary load, its power supply shall meet the following requirements.
1 In addition to the dual power supply, emergency power supply should be added;
2 The emergency power supply circuit shall be self-contained, and other loads shall not be connected to the emergency power supply circuit;
3 The switching time of the emergency power supply shall meet the requirement that the equipment is allowed to interrupt the power supply;
4 The power supply time of the emergency power supply shall meet the requirements of the longest continuous running time of the electrical equipment;
5.For the particularly important loads in the primary load, the upper port of the changeover switch of the terminal distribution box should be equipped with power monitoring and fault alarm.
3.2.10 The primary load shall be powered by switching the two low-voltage circuits of the dual power supply at the terminal distribution box, unless otherwise specified.
3.2.11 The power supply of the secondary load shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The external power supply incoming line of the secondary load should be powered by a 35kV, 20kV or 10kV double-circuit line; when the load is small or the power supply conditions in the area are difficult, the secondary load can be powered by a dedicated overhead line of 35kV, 20kV or 10kV;
2 When the building is powered by one 35kV, 20kV or 10kV power supply, the secondary load can be switched by two transformers each leading a low-voltage circuit at the distribution box at the load end, unless otherwise specified;
3 When the building is powered by dual power sources, and the low-voltage side of the two transformers is equipped with a bus tie switch, the secondary load can be powered by a single-circuit of any low-voltage bus;
4 When the seasonal load such as the chiller (including its auxiliary equipment) is a secondary load, it can be powered by a dedicated transformer;
5 The load level of the lighting system that is powered by two low-voltage circuits of dual power supply can be set as a secondary load.
3.2.12 The tertiary load can be powered by a single power supply and a single circuit.
3.2.13 When domestic water pumps and sewage pumps in the standby working system are primary or secondary loads, the low-voltage side of the paired two transformers can lead to a power supply for the working pump and the standby pump respectively.
3.2.14 For loads that do not allow instantaneous interruption of power supply, a UPS uninterruptible power supply device should be installed for power supply.
3.3 Power supply and power supply and distribution system
3.3.1 When the power supply voltage is 35kV and the load is concentrated, the voltage loss of the distribution line meets the requirements, there is no other high-voltage electrical equipment, and the economy is reasonable, it can be directly lowered to the low-voltage distribution voltage.
3.3.2 In the dual power supply and distribution system that supplies power at the same time, when one of the circuits interrupts the power supply, the remaining lines should be able to meet the power supply requirements of all primary loads and secondary loads.
3.3.3 When one of the following conditions is met, the power consumption unit shall set up its own power supply.
1 The primary load contains particularly important loads;
2 It is more economical and reasonable to set up a self-contained power supply than to obtain a second power supply from the power system, or the second power supply cannot meet the requirements of the primary load;
3 When one of the dual power supplies is cold standby, and cannot meet the requirements of the fire power supply for interruption of power supply time;
4 The exterior of public buildings with a building height exceeding 50m has only one power supply which cannot meet the power requirements.
3.3.4 Between the emergency power supply and the normal power supply, measures should be taken to prevent parallel operation
3.3.5 The power consumption unit that needs dual power supply should use the same level of voltage for power supply.
3.3.6 For civil buildings powered by 35kV, 20kV or 10kV dual power sources, the high-voltage side should be composed of a single busbar section to form a power supply and distribution system, and a tie switch should be set between the two sections of busbars.
3.3.7 In 35kV, 20kV or 10kV power supply and distribution systems, the number of power distribution stages of the same voltage level should not be more than two, and the number of low-voltage systems should not be more than three.
3.3.8 The 35kV, 20kV or 10kV power supply system in public buildings should adopt radial type.
3.3.9 The following power sources can be used as emergency or backup power sources.
1 Dedicated feeder line independent of normal power supply in the power supply network;
2 generating sets independent of normal power supply;
3 battery pack.
3.3.10 The emergency power supply should be selected according to the time allowed to interrupt the power supply, and should meet the following regulations.
1 It is allowed to interrupt the power supply for 30s (60s), and an emergency generator set with quick and automatic start can be selected;
2 When the action time of the automatic input device can meet the allowable power interruption time, a dedicated feeder line independent of the normal power supply can be selected;
3 Continuous power supply or the power supply of devices with millisecond-level allowable interruption of power supply time, battery static uninterruptible power supply unit (UPS) can be selected;
4 Except for item 3 of this article, the allowable power interruption time is millisecond level...
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