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GB/T 50543-2019: Standard for design of energy conservation of building and sanitary ceramic plant
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Standard for design of energy conservation of building and sanitary ceramic plant
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 50543-2019 (GB/T50543-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Standard for design of energy conservation of building and sanitary ceramic plant | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P34 | | Classification of International Standard | 91.040.20 | | Word Count Estimation | 55,588 | | Date of Issue | 2019 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-10-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation | GB/T 50543-2019: Standard for design of energy conservation of building and sanitary ceramic plant
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is formulated to implement the "Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China" and other laws and regulations, guidelines and policies, industrial policies, and technical and economic policies related to energy conservation in the design of architectural sanitary ceramics factories.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the energy-saving design of newly built, rebuilt and expanded building sanitary ceramics factories.
1.0.3 The construction scale of the building sanitary ceramics factory should conform to the national industrial policy, and the equipment selection should give priority to energy-saving products, and the eliminated products announced by the state should not be selected.
1.0.4 For the project application report, fund application report, feasibility study report and preliminary design of the building sanitary ceramics factory construction project, the discussion chapters on project conservation and rational use of land, raw materials, energy, etc. should be written in accordance with national and local energy conservation assessment requirements.
1.0.5 Standardized and serialized products should be selected as ceramic raw materials.
1.0.6 In the design of building sanitary ceramics factories, energy measuring instruments should be equipped, and an energy measurement management system should be established, which should comply with the current national standards "General Rules for Equipping and Management of Energy Measuring Instruments for Energy Consumption Units" GB 17167 and "Energy Measurement for Building Materials Industry Equipment equipment and management requirements" GB/T 24851 related regulations.
1.0.7 In addition to this standard, the energy-saving design of a building sanitary ceramics factory shall also comply with the current relevant national standards.
2 terms
2.0.1 The comprehensive energy consumption per unit products of architecture and sanitary ceramics
During the statistical report period for calculating energy consumption, in the whole production process of architectural sanitary ceramic products, the total amount of various energy actually consumed in the production of architectural sanitary ceramics is used to represent the output of qualified products per unit. The unit of comprehensive energy consumption per unit product of ceramic tiles is kgce/m2, and the unit of comprehensive energy consumption per unit product of sanitary ceramics is kgce/t.
2.0.2 the process energy consumption
In the production process of building sanitary ceramics, the amount of energy consumed by a unit of semi-finished or finished products in a process, the unit is kJ/m2 or kJ/t.
2.0.3 The group of stoneware tiles
Ceramic tiles with a water absorption rate (E) greater than 0.5% and less than or equal to 10%, including stoneware tiles, fine stoneware bricks, and stoneware bricks.
3 Basic Regulations
3.1 Fuel type and calorific value
3.1.1 Clean fuels such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, light diesel oil, coke oven gas and other gas should be used in the production of building sanitary ceramics. Coal water slurry or coal powder can be used as fuel for spray dryer hot blast stove.
3.1.2 When the measured low calorific value of various fuels cannot be obtained, the calorific value of various energy sources and converted standard coal coefficients shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.1.2.
Table 3.1.2 Calorific value of various energy sources and converted standard coal coefficient
3.2 Design scale of production line
3.2.1 The single-line production scale of new construction, reconstruction and expansion of ceramic tiles shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.2.1.
Table 3.2.1 Production scale of newly built, rebuilt and expanded ceramic brick single line
Note. Except for production lines with special process requirements.
3.2.2 The production scale of newly built, rebuilt and expanded sanitary ceramic single-lines shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.2.2.
Table 3.2.2 Production scale of new construction, reconstruction and expansion of sanitary ceramics single line
Note. The production scale in this table refers to once-fired sanitary ceramics, excluding kilns for re-firing.
4 General plan and architecture
4.1 General drawing
4.1.1 The general layout should follow the principle of intensive use of land, rationally use the land on the basis of meeting the requirements of the production process, and define functional divisions.
4.1.2 The project investment intensity, building coefficient and site utilization coefficient, volume ratio, administrative office and living service facility land proportion shall comply with the relevant national regulations on industrial project construction land control indicators.
4.1.3 The parking lot in the factory area should adopt permeable ground. Recycled building materials such as ash bricks should be used for the walls of the factory area.
4.1.4 The layout of the main production workshop should shorten the transportation distance, pipeline length and cable length, and social transportation should be used for transportation outside the factory.
4.1.5 The shape of the building should be simple and orderly, and its orientation should be conducive to natural lighting and natural ventilation. Under the principle of meeting production and fire protection requirements and economical rationality, it is advisable to combine workshops that are closely related to production and have the same or similar production nature, sanitary conditions and architectural features to form a joint workshop.
4.2 Architecture
4.2.1 Building Sanitary ceramics factory buildings should be classified according to the nature of use, functional characteristics and energy-saving requirements, and should meet the requirements of Table 4.2.1.
Table 4.2.1 Classification of building energy-saving design
4.2.2 The energy-saving design of Class A buildings shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Design Standards for Energy Conservation of Public Buildings" GB 50189.According to the geographical location of the building, the heat transfer coefficient limit of the envelope structure, the window-to-wall ratio of a single orientation, and the heat transfer coefficient limit of the external window should be determined according to the shape coefficient.
4.2.3 The energy-saving design of Class B buildings shall comply with the current industry standards "Design Standards for Energy Conservation of Residential Buildings in Severely Cold and Cold Regions" JGJ 26, "Design Standards for Energy Conservation of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Regions" JGJ 134, "Residence in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Regions Relevant provisions of JGJ 75 in Building Energy Efficiency Design Standards.
4.2.4 The energy-saving design of Category C buildings shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Unified Standard for Energy-saving Design of Industrial Buildings" GB 51245 for the energy-saving design of Category I industrial buildings.
4.2.5 The energy-saving design of Class D buildings shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Unified Standard for Energy-Saving Design of Industrial Buildings" GB 51245 for the energy-saving design of Class II industrial buildings.
4.2.6 Exterior walls and roofs of Category E buildings shall comply with the current national standard "Design Standards for Energy Conservation of Public Buildings" GB 50189, except for the relevant provisions of Category B Building Energy Conservation Design, the rest shall comply with the current national standards "Design Standards for Energy Conservation of Public Buildings" GB Relevant regulations on energy-saving design of Category A buildings in 50189.
4.2.7 The main production workshop should not be designed with transparent glass curtain walls.
5 craft
5.1 General provisions
5.1.1 Energy-saving techniques and equipment should be selected for production techniques and equipment.
5.1.2 Building sanitary ceramics factories should design and produce energy-saving products.
5.2 Main energy consumption indicators
5.2.1 The comprehensive energy consumption per unit product of building sanitary ceramics shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard GB 21252 "Energy Consumption Limits per Unit Product of Building Sanitary Ceramics".
5.2.2 The comprehensive energy consumption design limit of the main production process of the sanitary ceramics production line shall comply with the provisions in Table 5.2.2.
Table 5.2.2 Design limit of comprehensive energy consumption for main production processes of sanitary ceramics production line
5.2.3 The design limit of energy consumption for the main production process of the dry-pressed ceramic tile production line shall comply with the provisions in Table 5.2.3.
Table 5.2.3 Design limit of energy consumption for main production processes of dry-pressed ceramic tile production line
Note. The moisture content of the dry pulverizing mud should be less than 5%.
5.3 Energy saving process
5.3.1 The production of architectural sanitary ceramics should adopt the low-temperature rapid firing process.
5.3.2 In addition to the special technical requirements for the production of ceramic bricks, it is advisable to adopt the secondary firing process of primary firing or low-temperature plain firing and high-temperature glaze firing.
5.3.3 The production of ceramic tiles should adopt the blank dry powder making process.
5.3.4 The molding of sanitary ceramics should adopt pressure grouting or low-pressure fast drainage molding technology, and combined casting molding technology can also be used.
5.4 Preparation of blank glaze
5.4.1 Ceramic production should use energy-saving raw materials, and should meet the following requirements.
1.Wollastonite, diopside, tremolite, red shale and other raw materials suitable for low temperature and fast burning should be used for the production of ceramic tiles;
2 For the production of sanitary ceramics, pegmatite granite, sericite, pyrophyllite and other raw materials suitable for low-temperature and fast-firing should be used.
5.4.2 The preparation of slurry for blanks shall meet the following requirements.
1 Slurry preparation for ceramic tiles should use 40t and above large-tonnage intermittent wet ball mill or continuous ball mill, and slurry preparation for sanitary ceramics should use 8t and above intermittent wet ball mill;
2 The ball mill should adopt rubber lining or high aluminum lining;
3 The grinding medium should be medium aluminum ball or high aluminum ball;
4.The motor equipped with the ball mill should be equipped with a frequency conversion speed regulating device to choose the most efficient speed;
5.It is advisable to use soft and hard materials to be processed separately for the preparation of sanitary ceramics base slurry, and the method of re-volume batching;
6 Decoagulants and grinding aids should be used in slurry grinding;
7 Slurry storage should adopt a large-volume mud pool suitable for the ball mill, and a flat paddle mixer should be used for mud mixing. Intermittent mixing should be used, and the start-stop time ratio should be 1.1~1.2.
5.4.3 Powder preparation should meet the following requirements.
1 The design and selection of the spray drying tower should adopt a multi-line sharing scheme. According to the required dry powder output, a large-scale spray drying tower should be selected;
2 The moisture content of the slurry entering the spray drying tower should not be higher than 35%;
3 The air inlet temperature of the spray drying tower should not be lower than 550°C, and the outlet air temperature should not be higher than 90°C;
4 The hot blast stove should be close to the tower body, and the length of the hot blast pipeline should be shortened;
5 The tower body and the hot air pipeline should be laid with a good performance insulation layer, and various flange connections and air locking devices should be tight without air leakage;
6 The pump pressure and nozzle of the mud system of the spray drying tower should ensure that the mud is fully atomized, and the air inlet system should ensure that the hot air and the mist are evenly mixed;
7 The motor of the high-power fan of the spray drying tower should adopt the frequency conversion device;
8 For dry powder making, humidifying granulator with drying equipment and combined dry crushing equipment for drying and crushing should be used, and wheel mill should not be used for humidifying powder making.
5.5 Forming and drying
5.5.1 Low-pressure quick-drainage molding machine or pressure grouting molding machine should be used for molding sanitary ceramics, and a combined casting molding line can also be used.
5.5.2 The waste heat of the firing kiln should be used as the heat source for the drying of the sanitary ceramic body. The dryer should adopt a quick dryer with less air, or a continuous tunnel dryer or a room dryer with a rotating air cylinder that can realize automatic temperature and humidity control.
5.5.3 Multi-layer horizontal roller dryer should be used for drying ceramic tile body, and waste gas from firing kiln and waste heat from product cooling should be used as heat source.
5.6 Firing
5.6.1 The type selection of kiln should meet the following requirements.
1 Tunnel kiln or roller kiln should be used for firing sanitary ceramics;
2 Shuttle kiln should be used for repairing and refiring of sanitary ceramics;
3 Ceramic bricks should be fired in a roller kiln.
5.6.2 Tunnel kiln shall meet the following requirements.
1 The tunnel kiln should adopt the naked flame firing process, and the unit fuel consumption of sanitary ceramics should not be higher than 170kgce/t porcelain;
2 The kiln body should be built with refractory and heat-insulating materials, and the maximum temperature of the outer surface of the side wall should not be higher than 65°C;
3 Kiln car masonry should adopt lightweight insulation bricks and refractory fibers;
4 Kiln furniture should be made of high-strength refractory materials;
5 The burner should be a high-speed thermostat burner.
5.6.3 The shuttle kiln shall meet the following requirements.
1 The shuttle kiln should adopt the open flame firing process, the unit fuel consumption of sanitary ceramics should not be higher than 310kgce/t porcelain, and the unit fuel consumption of sanitary ceramics should not be higher than 280kgce/t porcelain;
2 The kiln wall and kiln roof should be built with full refractory fiber products or other light-weight and low-heat storage materials;
3 The lining of the kiln car should adopt lightweight insulation bricks and refractory fibers;
4 The kiln furniture should be made of high-strength materials, and the kiln should be installed in multiple layers;
5 The combustion system should adopt high-speed temperature-regulating burner or pulse combustion technology.
5.6.4 The roller kiln shall meet the following requirements.
1 The roller kiln shall adopt the naked flame firing process, and the unit fuel consumption of sanitary ceramics shall meet the requirements of Table 5.2.2 of this standard; the unit fuel consumption of ceramic tiles shall meet the requirements of Table 5.2.3 of this standard;
2 The kiln wall and kiln roof should be built with lightweight heat-insulating refractory products or ceramic fiber felt;
3 The combustion system shall adopt an energy-saving burner with sufficient combustion and no slagging;
4 Both ends of the roller bar of the roller kiln should be sealed and insulated.
5.6.5 In the case of not affecting the normal operation of the building sanitary ceramics production line and technical indicators such as heat consumption and output, the kiln should use its own waste heat to heat the combustion air.
5.7 Others
5.7.1 Soft materials should be protected from rain.
5.7.2 The production line should be equipped with raw material pre-homogenization and homogenization facilities.
5.7.3 The edging and polishing lines of ceramic tiles should adopt energy-saving dry edging machine, scraping and rough polishing machine and other equipment.
6 electrical
6.1 Power supply and distribution system
6.1.1 The design of power supply and distribution shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards "Design Standards for Power Supply and Distribution System" GB 50052 and "Code for Design of Low-Voltage Power Distribution" GB 50054.
6.1.2 The substation or distribution station should be located close to the load center to reduce the number of distribution stages and shorten the power supply radius.
6.1.3 The power supply voltage of the power consumer shall be determined after technical and economic comparisons based on factors such as power consumption capacity, characteristics of power consumption equipment, power supply distance, number of circuits of power supply lines, current situation of the local public power grid and its development planning.
6.1.4 For 10kV and above transmission lines, the conductor cross-section shall be checked according to the economic current density.
6.1.5 The capacity and number of transformers should be configured according to factors such as load nature and power consumption capacity, and a reasonable operation mode should be selected.
6.1.6 The power supply and distribution system should take measures to reduce reactive power loss. It is advisable to adopt reactive power compensation methods that combine high-voltage compensation with low-voltage compensation, centralized compensation and local compensation. The power factor at the maximum load on the billing side of the enterprise should not be lower than 0.92.
6.1.7 The power supply and distribution system shall use filtering to suppress high-order harmonics, and the harmonic limit value shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Power Quality Harmonics of Public Power Grids" GB/T 14549.
6.2 Selection of electrical equipment and automatic control
6.2.1 Energy-saving products should be selected for electrical equipment selection.
6.2.2 Transformers should choose low-loss energy-saving equipment, and should reasonably determine the load rate to reduce transformer losses.
6.2.3 Electrostatic capacitors should be used for compensation in power rooms and substations. High-power asynchronous motors should be equipped with cameras or electrostatic capacitors for local compensation.
6.2.4 For motors that require speed regulation, frequency conversion speed regulation devices should be used.
6.2.5 For the large wound motors used in crushers, ball mills, etc., liquid rheostats should be used to start them.
6.2.6 The ball mill should adopt a special power saver.
6.2.7 The energy-saving evaluation values of general energy-consuming equipment such as small and medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motors, positive displacement air compressors, fans, clean water centrifugal pumps, and three-phase distribution transformers used in production line design shall comply with the current national standard "Small and Medium-sized Three-phase Asynchronous Motor Energy Efficiency Allowable Values and Energy Efficiency Grades” GB 18613, “Positive Displacement Air Compressor Energy Efficiency Allowable Values and Energy Efficiency Grades” GB 19153, “Ventilator Energy Efficiency Allowable Values and Energy Efficiency Grades” GB 19761, “Clear Water Centrifugal Pump Energy Efficiency Allowable Values And the evaluation value of energy saving" GB 19762, the relevant provisions of GB.20052 "Energy Efficiency Limits and Energy Efficiency Grades of Three-phase Distribution Transformers".
6.2.8 The firing of ceramics should be controlled by informatization and intelligent equipment.
6.3 Lighting
6.3.1 Building sanitary ceramics factories should implement green lighting projects. The lighting design shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Architectural Lighting Design Standard" GB 50034.
6.3.2 The factory area lighting shall adopt energy-saving light source and mixed light lighting design.
6.3.3 High-pressure sodium lamps, metal halide lamps and other mixed-light designs should be adopted for tall factory buildings.
6.3.4 The road lighting in the factory area should be equipped with energy-saving automatic control devices, and new energy technologies such as solar energy and wind energy should be adopted.
7 Auxiliary facilities
7.1 Water supply and drainage
7.1.1 The energy-saving and water-saving design of the water supply and drainage works of building sanitary ceramics factories shall comply with the current national standards "Code for Design of Water Supply and Drainage for Buildings" GB 50015, "Code for Design of Outdoor Water Supply" GB 50013, "Code for Design of Outdoor Drainage" GB 50014, " Relevant provisions of GB 50189, Design Standard for Energy Conservation of Public Buildings and GB 50555, Design Standard for Water Conservation of Civil Buildings.
7.1.2 In the water supply system, the production circulating water supply system and the domestic fire-fighting water supply system should be designed separately. The water supply system should use the water pressure of the urban pipe network to directly supply water. The domestic sewage and industrial wastewater above the ground should be directly discharged to the outdoor pipe network through the gravity flow system.
7.1.3 Water-saving technology and equipment shall be adopted in the water supply system.
7.1.4 Waste (sewage) water from building and sanitary ceramics factories should be reused after treatment.
7.1.5 Water meters shall be installed on production and domestic water supply pipes. Metering water meters should be set according to factors such as building type, water use department and management requirements.
7.1.6 The water-saving design of the circulating cooling water system shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Industrial Circulating Cooling Water Treatment" GB/T 50050 and "Code for Design of Industrial Circulating Water Cooling" GB/T 50102.
7.1.7 Water supply and drainage pipes should be new pipes. Sanitary appliances and fittings in the bathroom shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current industry standard "Water-saving Domestic Water Appliances" CJ/T 164.
7.1.8 The water supply and drainage equipment shall use water-saving and energy-saving products, and all products shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "General Technical Conditions for Water-saving Products" GB/T 18870.
7.2 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
7.2.1 The design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning shall comply with the current national standards "Code for Design of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning in Industrial Buildings" GB 50019, "Code for Design of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning in Civil Buildings" GB 50736 and "Unified Standards for Energy-saving Design of Industrial Buildings" "The relevant regulations of GB 51245.
7.2.2 The heating design shall meet the following requirements.
1 When the factory area only uses heat for heating or mainly uses heat for heating, hot water should be used as the heat medium; when the heat supply for the factory area is mainly used for process steam, steam can be used as the heat medium for production plants, warehouses, and public auxiliary buildings, living and auxiliary buildings should use hot water as the heating medium; when using waste heat or renewable energy for heating, the heating medium and parameters can be determined according to specific conditions;
2 For industrial plants with no special requirements for room temperature, only the duty room and control room can be designed for heating;
3 For multi-storey buildings with a large area, the heating system arranged in south and north directions should be adopted, and room temperature control devices should be installed separately;
4 Radiators are not suitable for concealed installation, and the installation quantity should be compatible with the calculated load; when determining the heat required by the radiator, the heat dissipation of the indoor surface-mounted pipes should be deducted;
5 Radiant heating should be used for heating in tall and large spaces;
6 On the branch pipes of the water supply or return water of the heating system, a hydraulic balance device should be installed according to the hydraulic balance requirements;
7 Boiler equipment should use high-efficiency boilers and energy-saving water pumps;
8 Hot air stoves should be used for heating in the sanitary porcelain molding workshops using plaster molds.
7.2.3 Ventilation and air conditioning shall meet the following requirements.
1 The production plant should adopt the natural ventilation method; when the mechanical ventilation method is adopted, the air volume reserve coefficient of the fan can be taken as 1.1;
2 For rooms with ventilation and temperature requirements, ventilation equipment with heat recovery function should be selected;
3 Both ventilation and dust removal fans should be energy-saving fans;
4 Individual indoor units should be used for scattered small rooms with air-conditioning requirements;
5.In the centralized air-conditioning system, the air-conditioning areas with different temperature and humidity requirements and use time should be divided into different air-conditioning systems;
6.For the air-conditioning area with large room area or space, many people or centralized temperature and humidity control, the air-conditioning system should adopt the all-air air-conditioning system instead of the fan-coil system;
7 The fresh air volume of the air-conditioned room should be calculated as not less than 30m3/h per person;
8 The cooling source of the air conditioning system should be selected according to the required cooling capacity, local energy, water source and heat source, and the unit should be selected through technical and economic comparison; water-cooled electric compression chiller (heat pump) unit should be selected first; air source heat pump should not be used in cold regions Hot and cold water units;
9 Ceiling fans should be installed in the sanitary porcelain molding workshop using plaster molds.
7.3 Monitoring and Control
7.3.1 The central heating and air conditioning system shall be monitored and controlled, and shall be determined after technical and economic comparison based on factors such as building function and system type. Monitoring can include parameter detection, parameter and equipment status display, automatic adjustment and control, automatic conversion of working conditions, energy measurement, and central monitoring and management.
7.3.2 The air-conditioning system in intermittent operation should be equipped with an automatic start-stop control device. The control device should have the function of optimal start and stop according to the predetermined time.
7.3.3 The machine room with 3 or more sets of cold and heat source host equipment should adopt the unit group control method.
7.3.4 The air conditioning system shall meet the following basic control requirements.
1 It should be able to monitor and control air temperature and humidity;
2 When using a constant air volume all-air air-conditioning system, it is advisable to adopt a variable fresh air ratio enthalpy control method;
3 When the variable air volume system is used, the fan should adopt the variable speed control method;
4 The operating status of the equipment should be monitored, and the alarm should be reported in time when a failure occurs.
8 Energy management
8.0.1 Energy measurement shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard GB 17167 "General Rules for Equipping and Management of Energy Measuring Instruments for Energy Consumption Units".
8.0.2 The setting of the energy metering device shall meet the requirements of separate assessment and metering of each subsystem of the production line.
8.0.3 The energy measurement value of the production line should be able to be automatically recorded and classified in a centralized manner.
8.0.4 The equipment of enterprise energy measuring instruments shall meet the requirements of classified measurement and sub-item assessment.
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