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Code for construction and acceptance of power transformers oil reactor and mutual inductor
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GB 50148-2010
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 50148-2010 (GB50148-2010) | | Description (Translated English) | Code for construction and acceptance of power transformers oil reactor and mutual inductor | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P91 | | Word Count Estimation | 61,613 | | Date of Issue | 2010-05-31 | | Date of Implementation | 2010-12-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GBJ 148-1990 | | Quoted Standard | GB 50150; GB 50169; GB 50171; GB 50236; GB/T 50300; GB/T 772; GB 1094.2; GB 1094.3; GB/T 1094.4; GB 1094.5; GB 5273; GB 7597; GB/T 4109; GB/T 8287.1; GB/T 8287.2 | | Regulation (derived from) | Bulletin of the Ministry of Housing and Urban No. 629 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard applies to AC 3kV ~ 750kV voltage power transformer (hereinafter referred to as the transformer), oil-immersed reactors (hereinafter referred to as the reactor), voltage transformers and current transformers (hereinafter referred to as transformers) construction and acceptance, Petersen Coil installation according to the relevant provisions of this standard. | GB 50148-2010: Code for construction and acceptance of power transformers oil reactor and mutual inductor
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 In order to ensure the construction and installation quality of power transformers, oil-immersed reactors and transformers, promote the progress of installation technology, and ensure the safe operation of equipment, this specification is formulated.
1.0.2 This specification is applicable to the construction and acceptance of AC 3kV～750kV voltage level power transformers (hereinafter referred to as transformers), oil-immersed reactors (hereinafter referred to as reactors), voltage transformers and current transformers (hereinafter referred to as transformers); The installation of the arc coil can be carried out according to the relevant provisions of this code.
1.0.3 The installation of transformers, reactors and transformers for special purposes shall comply with the relevant provisions of the product technical documents.
1.0.4 This specification stipulates the basic requirements for the construction and acceptance of power transformers, oil-immersed reactors, and transformers in electrical installation engineering. When this specification conflicts with the provisions of national laws and administrative regulations, the national laws and administrative regulations implementation of the regulations.
1.0.5 The construction and acceptance of transformers, reactors and transformers shall not only comply with this specification, but also comply with the current relevant national standards.
2 terms
2.0.1 power transformer
A stationary device with two or more windings that converts the alternating voltage and current of one system to the voltage and current of another system by electromagnetic induction at the same frequency in order to transmit electrical energy.
2.0.2 oil-immersed type transformer
A transformer in which both the core and windings are immersed in oil.
2.0.3 dry-type transformer dry-type transformer
A transformer in which neither the core nor the windings are immersed in an insulating liquid.
2.0.4 Winding
A group of turns forming an electrical circuit corresponding to a voltage value marked on a transformer.
2.0.5 Sealing
Refers to the isolation of the internal coils and iron cores of the transformer from the atmosphere.
2.0.6 Vacuum treatment vacuumize
Refers to the use of a vacuum pump to pump out the gas inside the transformer to achieve and maintain a vacuum state.
2.0.7 Hot oil circulation
When the transformer oil is full of oil, the method of low output and high input is adopted, and the transformer oil is heated and circulated through the vacuum oil filter.
2.0.8 resting
When the transformer oil is full of oil, the transformer does not perform any work involving the oil circuit, so that the gas in the insulating oil naturally reaches the uppermost layer of the oil.
2.0.9 sealing test
After all the transformers are installed, check the transformer for leakage by increasing the pressure inside the transformer.
2.0.10 reactor
An electrical appliance used in an electrical circuit or power system because of its inductance.
2.0.11 Shunt inductor
Reactors connected in parallel to the system are mainly used to compensate the capacitive current.
2.0.12 Mutual inductor
A transformer used to transfer information to measuring instruments, meters, and protection or control devices.
2.0.13 current transformer current transformer
Under normal use, its secondary current is substantially proportional to the primary current, and its phase difference is close to zero when the connection method is correct.
2.0.14 Capacitance potential transformer
A voltage transformer consisting of a capacitive divider and an electromagnetic unit.
3 basic rules
3.0.1 The installation of transformers, reactors and transformers shall be carried out according to the approved design documents.
3.0.2 Equipment and equipment should have nameplates, installation instructions, factory test reports and qualification certificates, etc., and should comply with the provisions of the technical agreement of the contract.
3.0.3 During the transportation of transformers and reactors, when the transportation method is changed, the shocks to the equipment should be checked in time, and records should be made.
3.0.4 After the equipment and equipment arrive at the site, they should be inspected in time according to the following regulations.
1 The packaging and sealing should be good.
2 The box should be checked and counted, the specifications should meet the design requirements, and the accessories and spare parts should be complete.
3 The technical documents of the product should be complete.
4 Carry out visual inspection according to the provisions of Article 4.2.1 of this code.
3.0.5 For the loading and unloading, transportation, positioning and installation of transformers, reactors and transformers, construction and safety technical measures shall be formulated and implemented after approval.
3.0.6 The construction of construction projects related to the installation of transformers, reactors and transformers shall comply with the following regulations.
1 Before pouring concrete for the equipment foundation, the electrical major should check the center line and elevation of the foundation; after the foundation construction is completed, the elevation and center should be rechecked.
2 The construction engineering quality of buildings (structures) shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard GB/T 50300 "Uniform Standard for Construction Quality Inspection and Acceptance of Construction Engineering". When there are special requirements for equipment and design, the requirements should still be met.
3 Before the equipment is installed, the construction project shall meet the following conditions.
1) Roof and floor construction should be completed without leakage.
2) The base construction of the indoor ground should be completed, and the ground elevation should be marked on the wall.
3) The concrete foundation and frame should reach the strength allowed for installation, and the quality of welded components should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Welding Engineering of Field Equipment and Industrial Pipelines" GB 50236.
4) The embedded parts and reserved holes should meet the design requirements, and the embedded parts should be firm.
5) Formwork and construction facilities should be dismantled, and the site should be cleaned up.
6) There should be a site suitable for construction, and the road should be unobstructed.
4 After the equipment is installed and put into operation, the construction project shall comply with the following regulations.
1) The installation of doors and windows should be completed.
2) After the plastering work of the indoor floor is completed, the strength meets the requirements, and the outdoor site should be leveled.
3) Safety facilities such as protective fences, net doors, and railings should be complete, and the grounding should comply with the current national standard "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Grounding Devices for Electrical Installation Engineering" GB 50169.
4) The oil storage pits of transformers and reactors should be cleaned, the oil discharge pipeline should be unobstructed, and the filling of pebbles should be completed.
5) The installation and acceptance of ventilation and fire-fighting devices should be completed.
6) The construction acceptance of interior decoration and related supporting facilities should be completed.
3.0.7 The fasteners used for equipment installation shall be galvanized or stainless steel products, and the fasteners used outdoors shall be hot-dip galvanized products; the fasteners used for electrical terminals shall comply with the current national standard "Transformer, The relevant provisions of GB 5273 for the connection terminals of high-voltage electrical appliances and bushings.
3.0.8 The quality of porcelain parts of transformers, reactors and transformers shall comply with the current national standards "Technical Conditions for Porcelain Parts of High Voltage Insulators" GB/T 772, "Part 1 of Indoor and Outdoor Post Insulators for Users of Systems with Nominal Voltages Higher than 1000V. Tests of Porcelain or Glass Insulators" GB/T 8287.1, "Inner and Outer Post Insulators for Users of Systems with Nominal Voltages Above 1000V Part 2.Dimensions and Characteristics" GB/T 8287.2, "Technical Conditions for High Voltage Bushings" GB/T 4109 and the provisions of the technical conditions signed.
4 Power transformers, oil-immersed reactors
4.1 Handling, transport and positioning
4.1.1 For the loading, unloading and transportation of transformers of 31.5MV·A and above and reactors of 40MVar and above, the transportation route and loading and unloading conditions at both ends shall be fully investigated, construction safety technical measures shall be formulated, and the following regulations shall be complied with.
1 When transporting by water, the following work should be done.
1) Select the channel, understand the draft, the distribution of obstacles above and below the water, the tide situation, and the size and load-bearing capacity of bridges along the way.
2) Select the ship, understand the carrying capacity and structure of the ship, and check the stability of the ship when it is loaded.
3) Investigate the load-bearing capacity and lifting capacity of the wharf, and carry out checking calculation or load test if necessary.
2 When direct mechanical hauling is used for land transportation, the loading and unloading conditions along the transportation route and at both ends should be carefully investigated, and corresponding safety technical measures should be formulated. The investigation contents and safety technical measures shall include the following contents.
1) The height, width, slope, inclination, corner, load-bearing condition and measures to be taken of road bridges, culverts, ditches, etc.
2) The height of high-altitude obstacles such as overhead power and communication lines along the way.
3) The vehicle speed during road transportation should comply with the regulations of the manufacturer. When there is no regulation by the manufacturer, the vehicle speed should be controlled within 20km/h on high-grade roads, 15km/h on primary roads, 10km/h on secondary roads, and 5km/h on other roads. within range.
4.1.2 The loading and unloading of transformers or reactors shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The ground of the loading and unloading platform, wharf and other places should be solid.
2 When loading and unloading, special personnel should be assigned to observe the lifting of vehicles and platforms or the ups and downs of ships to prevent tilting beyond the allowable range.
4.1.3 During loading, unloading and transportation of transformers and reactors, there should be no serious shock and vibration. Transformers with a voltage of 220kV and above and a capacity of 150MV A and above and reactors with a voltage of 330kV and above should be equipped with a three-dimensional impact recorder. The allowable value of impact shall comply with the provisions of the manufacturer and the contract.
4.1.4 When mechanical traction transformers and reactors are used, the traction point should be below the center of gravity of the equipment and comply with the manufacturer's regulations. The transport inclination angle must not exceed 15°. The loading, unloading and positioning of transformers and reactors should use the special force points designed for the product, and anti-slip and anti-slip measures should be taken, and the traction speed should not exceed 2m/min.
4.1.5 When the bell-type transformer is hoisted as a whole, the steel wire rope should be tied to the lifting lug specially used for overall hoisting.
4.1.6 When using a jack to lift a large transformer, the jack should be placed on the jack support of the fuel tank. The lifting operation should make all points bear even force, and the pads should be placed in time.
4.1.7 The gas pressure in the oil tank of transformers and reactors filled with dry gas should be kept at 0.01MPa~0.03MPa; the dew point of dry gas must be lower than -40℃; each transformer and reactor must be equipped with a The pure and dry gas bottle keeps positive pressure in the transformer and reactor all the time, and is equipped with a pressure gauge for monitoring.
4.1.8 Dry-type transformers should be protected from rain and moisture during transportation.
4.1.9 The position of the main body should meet the following requirements.
1 For transformers and reactors equipped with gas relays, unless the manufacturer stipulates that installation slopes are not required, the top cover should have a 1% to 1.5% rising slope along the airflow direction of the gas relays. When connecting with the closed busbar, the centerline of the bushing should match the size of the closed busbar centerline.
2.The tracks of transformers and reactor foundations should be horizontal, and the track gauge should be consistent with the wheel base; for transformers and reactors equipped with rollers, the rollers should be able to rotate flexibly. be fixed.
3 When the transformer and reactor bodies are directly located on the foundation, they shall meet the requirements of the design and manufacturer.
4.2 Handover and custody
4.2.1 After the equipment arrives at the site, visual inspection shall be carried out in time according to the following regulations.
1 The oil tank and all accessories should be complete without rust and mechanical damage, and the seal should be good.
2 The connecting bolts of the fuel tank cover or the bell jar flange and the sealing plate shall be complete, well tightened and free from leakage; the accessories for oil-filled or dry-gas transport shall be sealed without leakage and the pressure gauge shall be monitored.
3 The packaging of the casing should be intact, without oil leakage and damage to the ceramic body; the transportation method should meet the technical requirements of the product.
4 For transformers and reactors transported with dry gas, the oil tank should be under positive pressure, with a pressure of 0.01MPa to 0.03MPa. Handover visas and pressure monitoring records should be handed over on site.
5 Check the impact of equipment during transportation and loading and unloading, and record the impact value and handle the handover visa procedures.
4.2.2 The storage of equipment after arriving at the site shall comply with the following regulations.
1 For transformers and reactors filled with dry gas, the pressure in the oil tank should be 0.01MPa~0.03MPa, and the pressure value should be recorded every day for on-site storage.
2 Radiator (cooler), connecting pipe, safety air passage, etc. should be sealed.
3 Meters, fans, submersible pumps, gas relays, airway partitions, temperature measuring devices and insulating materials, etc., should be placed in a dry room.
4 When storing oil-filled or dry gas-filled bushing type current transformers, protective measures shall be taken to prevent the internal insulating parts from getting wet. Bushing current transformers must not be stored tilted or upside down.
5.The bottom of the main body, cooling device, etc. should be raised and leveled to prevent water immersion.
6 Dry-type transformers should be placed in a dry room; when placed outdoors, the bottom should be raised, and reliable rain-proof and moisture-proof measures should be taken.
7 The accessories transported in oil should be preserved in oil and well sealed.
8 The storage during loading, unloading and storage of the casing shall comply with the requirements of the product technical documents; the short tail casing shall be placed in a dry room.
4.2.3 After the transformer and reactor arrive at the site, if they cannot be installed within 3 months, the following work should be carried out within 1 month.
1 Transformers and reactors transported with oil shall meet the following requirements.
1) Check the sealing condition of the fuel tank.
2) Test of insulating oil.
3) For transformers with bushings installed during transportation, the insulation resistance of the windings should be measured.
4) Install the oil conservator and moisture absorber, fill with qualified oil to the specified oil level of the oil conservator, or if the oil conservator is not installed, after the upper part is vacuumed, fill it with 0.01MPa~0.03MPa, and the dew point is lower than - Dry gas at 40°C, or according to the manufacturer's requirements.
2 Transformers and reactors transported inflated shall meet the following requirements.
1) The oil conservator and moisture absorber should be installed, and the qualified oil should be filled to the specified oil level of the oil conservator.
2) When the oil cannot be filled in time, it should continue to be filled with the same gas as the original gas for storage, and there should be a pressure monitoring device. The pressure should be kept at 0.01MPa ~ 0.03MPa, and the dew point of the gas should be lower than -40℃, or according to the manufacturer's Request to execute.
3) The residual oil should be tested for electric strength and water content, and it should be judged whether it is damp according to the provisions of Appendix A of this specification.
4.2.4 The equipment should be checked frequently during storage. During oil-filled storage, the appearance of the transformer should be inspected every 10 days, including checking whether there is oil leakage, whether the oil level is normal, and whether the appearance is rusted. Oil samples should be taken from the transformer for testing every 30 days, and the performance of the oil samples in the transformer should meet the requirements of Table 4.2.4.
4.3 Insulating oil treatment
4.3.1 The acceptance and storage of insulating oil shall comply with the following regulations.
1 Insulating oil should be stored in a sealed and clean special container.
2 Each batch of insulating oil arriving at the site shall have test records, and samples shall be taken for simplified analysis according to the following regulations, and full analysis shall be carried out if necessary.
1) Large tanks of oil should be sampled per tank, and small tanks of oil should be sampled according to the provisions of Table 4.3.1.
2) The sampling test shall be carried out in accordance with the current national standard GB 7597 "Sampling Method for Electric Power Oil (Transformer Oil, Turbine Oil)". The test standard shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Electrical Equipment Handover Test Standard for Electrical Installation Engineering" GB 50150.
3 Insulating oils of different grades should be stored separately and marked with obvious grades.
4 Visual inspection should be carried out when oil is discharged. For insulating oil transported by tank truck, there should be no abnormality on the top and bottom of the oil; for insulating oil transported in small barrels, visual inspection should be carried out for each barrel to distinguish its smell. The trademarks of each barrel should be consistent..
5 When the insulating oil that arrives at the site is extracted for the first time, it is advisable to use a pressure type oil filter for coarse filtration.
4.3.2 On-site filtration of insulating oil shall meet the following requirements.
1 Oil storage tanks shall meet the following requirements.
1) The total volume of the oil storage tank should be greater than 120% of the volume of the single largest equipment.
2) Air inlet and outlet valves should be installed on the top of the oil storage tank, and a dry filter device should be installed at the air inlet for breathing.
3) The oil storage tank should be equipped with an oil inlet valve, an oil outlet valve, an oil sample valve and a residual oil valve. The oil outlet valve is located at the bottom of the tank, about 100mm from the bottom of the tank. In the lower part, the residual oil valve is located at the bottom of the tank.
4) The top of the oil storage tank should be equipped with a manhole cover and can be reliably sealed.
5) The oil storage tank should be equipped with an oil level indicating device.
6) The oil storage tank should be equipped with a special lifting ring and a special grounding connection point, and be reliably connected to the grounding grid at the storage point.
2 The insulating oil that has been roughly filtered should be treated with a vacuum oil filter. For transformer oil filtration of 500kV and above, the main indicators of the vacuum oil filter should meet the following requirements.
1) The nominal flow rate of the vacuum oil filter should reach 6000L/h～12000L/h.
2) The vacuum oil filter has two-stage vacuum function. The capacity of the vacuum pump should be greater than 1500L/min, the capacity of the mechanical booster pump should be greater than 280m3/h, the operating vacuum should not be greater than 67Pa, and the heaters should be divided into 2 to 3 groups.
3) The operating oil temperature of the vacuum oil filter should be 20°C to 70°C.
4) The processing capacity of the vacuum oil filter should meet the oil sample test at the oil sample valve at the outlet of the oil filter. The breakdown voltage should not be lower than 75kV/2.5mm, the water content should not be greater than 5μL/L, and the gas content should not be greater than 0.1%., impurity particles shall not be larger than the standard of 0.5μm.
3 The oil storage tanks and pipelines used in the on-site oil service system shall be cleaned and inspected to be qualified.
4 The site should be equipped with a waste oil storage tank to avoid pollution to the oil in the official oil storage tank.
5.During the on-site oil treatment process, all oil treatment equipment, transformer body and power box shall be reliably connected to the grounding grid.
6 After the treatment of each batch of oil, the insulating oil of each oil storage tank is to be sampled for testing, and its electrical strength is to meet the requirements in Table 4.2.4 of this code.
4.4 Nitrogen removal
4.4.1 When oil injection is used to discharge nitrogen, the following regulations shall be met.
1 The insulating oil should be purified, and the oil injected into the transformer and reactor should meet the requirements in Table 4.4.1.
2 Before injecting oil and exhausting nitrogen, the residual oil in the oil tank should be exhausted.
3 The oil pipe should be made of steel pipe or other oil-resistant pipes, and the inside of the oil pipe should be thoroughly cleaned. When oil-resistant hose is used, it should be ensured that the hose does not pollute the insulating oil.
4 A temporary oil level gauge should be installed.
5 Insulating oil should be injected into the transformer from the valve at the bottom of the transformer through the degassing oil purification equipment, and the nitrogen gas should be discharged through the top; the oil should be injected to the top of the oil tank to exhaust the nitrogen gas. The final oil level should be more than.200mm above the upper edge of the iron core. The standing time of insulating oil at 750kV should not be less than 24h, and the standing time of insulating oil at and below 500kV should not be less than 12h.
6 No one is allowed to stay at the exhaust hole during oil injection and nitrogen exhaust.
4.4.2 When vacuuming is used to exhaust nitrogen, the nitrogen exhaust port should be installed in the place where the air circulates. Dry air should be injected when breaking the vacuum.
4.4.3 When nitrogen-filled transformers and reactors need to be inspected by hoods, the body must be exposed to the air for more than 15 minutes, and the inspection should be carried out after the nitrogen gas is fully diffused.
4.5 body inspection
4.5.1 After the transformer and reactor arrive at the site, if one of the following conditions is met, the body inspection may not be carried out.
1 The manufacturer states that the body inspection may not be carried out.
2 The capacity is 1000kV·A and below, and there is no abnormal situation during transportation.
3 Transformers and reactors that are only produced on site for short-distance transportation, if they have participated in the final assembly of the body of the manufacturer in advance, the quality meets the requirements, and effective supervision has been carried out during the transportation process, there is no emergency braking, severe vibration, impact or Severe turbulence and other abnormal conditions.
4.5.2 The body inspection can be carried out by hanging the cover or body, or directly entering the fuel tank.
4.5.3 When one of the following situations occurs, the transformer and reactor body should be inspected.
1 The manufacturer or construction unit thinks that the body inspection should be carried out.
3 Iron core inspection shall meet the following requirements.
1) There should be no deformation of the iron core, and the insulating pad between the iron yoke and the clamp should be intact.
2) There should be no multi-point grounding of the iron core.
3) For transformers whose iron core is externally grounded, the insulation of the iron core to the ground shall meet the requirements of the product technical documents after the grounding wire is removed.
4) After opening the clamp and the ground sheet of the iron yoke, the insulation between the iron yoke screw and the iron core, the iron yoke and the clamp, and the screw and the clamp should meet the requirements of the product technical documents...
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