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Requirements for radiological protection for radon in public underground structure and using geothermal water
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Basic data
| Standard ID | WS/T 668-2019 (WS/T668-2019) |
| Description (Translated English) | Requirements for radiological protection for radon in public underground structure and using geothermal water |
| Sector / Industry | Health Industry Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | C57 |
| Word Count Estimation | 9,971 |
| Date of Issue | 2019-09-27 |
| Date of Implementation | 2020-04-01 |
| Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GBZ 116-2002; GBZ 124-2002 |
| Regulation (derived from) | National Health Communication (2019) No. 11 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | National Health Commission |
WS/T 668-2019: Requirements for radiological protection for radon in public underground structure and using geothermal water
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Requirements for radiological protection for radon in public underground structure and using geothermal water
ICS 13.280
C 57
WS
People's Republic of China Health Industry Standard
Replaces GBZ 116-2002, GBZ 124-2002
Public underground buildings and geothermal water applications
Radiation protection requirements
Requirements for radiological protection for radon in public underground structure
and using geothermal water
2019-09-27 released
2020-04-01 implementation
Published by the National Health Committee of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword ... II
1 Scope ... 1
2 Normative references ... 1
3 Terms and definitions ... 1
4 Control requirements for radon in underground buildings and geothermal water applications ... 2
5 Measurement of radon concentration in underground buildings and geothermal water applications ... 3
Appendix A (informative appendix) Sampling time and frequency recommendations for screening and tracking measurements ... 5
References ... 6
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GBZ 116-2002 "Control Standards for Underground Building Concrete and Its Progeny" and GBZ 124-2002 "Ground Water Application in Geothermal Water
Radiological Protection Standards. Compared with GBZ 116-2002 and GBZ 124-2002, in addition to editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
-Deleted the content of the control level of radon concentration in geothermal water (see 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 of GBZ 124-2002);
-Modified the content of radon concentration control in underground buildings and geothermal water applications (see 4.2, 4.2 of GBZ 116-2002 and GBZ
124-2002 4.4);
-Added measurement of radon concentrations in underground buildings and geothermal water applications (see 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5).
This standard was drafted. Hunan Provincial Occupational Disease Control Center, Beijing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing Institute of Chemical Industry and Metallurgy, Nuclear Industry.
The main drafters of this standard. Chen Donghui, Zhu Guozhen, Xu Zhiyong, Yu Dan, Peng Junzhe, Li Huijuan, Meng Qinghua, Sun Yaru, Li Xianjie,
Lou Yun and Li Zhichun.
This standard replaces GBZ 116-2002 and GBZ 124-2002.
The previous releases of GBZ 116-2002 are.
--GB 16356-1996.
The previous releases of GBZ 124-2002 are.
--GB 16367-1996.
Radiation protection requirements for radon in public underground buildings and geothermal water applications
1 Scope
This standard specifies the measurement and measurement of radon (222Rn) in public underground buildings and geothermal water (including hot spring water) development and utilization sites.
Control requirements.
This standard applies to the public protection requirements for underground buildings and places for the development and use of geothermal water.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document.
For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 6566 Limit of radionuclides for building materials
GBZ/T 182-2006 Specification for measurement of indoor radon and its decay products
3 terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Underground structure
Any construction project or underground place with a certain space purposely constructed below the ground.
3.2
Geothermal water
Underground hot water is extracted from deep underground artificial drill holes or spews naturally from the surface.
3.3
氡 radon
The atomic number 86 element produced by the decay of radium atoms is a colorless, odorless radioactive inert gas.
Note. There are three isotopes of thallium in nature. This standard refers only to thorium-222 (222Rn).
3.4
Radon concentration
Activity concentration of radon in unit volume of air.
Note. The SI unit is Bq/m3.
3.5
Reference level
The radon concentration control level set for underground buildings and geothermal water development and utilization sites for the development and utilization of underground buildings and geothermal water
Control of continuous exposure due to radon concentration in the place.
3.6
Instantaneous measurement
A method of measuring the concentration value at a moment in a relatively short time range.
Note. Such as the scintillation flask method, double filter membrane method, balloon method, ionization chamber method, etc.
3.7
Continuous measurement
Measurements are performed continuously at regular intervals and the results of each interval can be obtained.
3.8
Integral measurement
An integral measurement performed at a specific time period, and the result is the average concentration in that time period.
3.9
Screening measurement
A measurement program for quickly understanding the radon concentration in the air at the measured place, used to determine whether the radon concentration in the measured place meets the requirements of this standard
Set a reference level to determine if further measurements are needed.
3.10
Follow-up measurement
A verification radon concentration measurement program for sites that may be found to be out of specification during screening measurements to determine the
Whether radon concentration meets the reference level specified in this standard provides a basis for possible intervention and treatment.
4 Control requirements for radon in underground buildings and geothermal water applications
4.1 Control Principles
4.1.1 In the design and construction related to radiation protection, the principle of radiation protection optimization should be observed.
4.1.2 Appropriate measures to attach personnel to radon in the air in underground buildings
Exposure is controlled to the lowest acceptable level.
4.2 Reference level
The reference level for average radon concentration in underground buildings is 400 Bq/m3.
The reference level of average radon concentration in geothermal water development and utilization sites is 800 Bq/m3.
4.3 Control measures
4.3.1 When selecting the location of a new underground building, avoid areas with high radium content in soil or rocks, and choose construction materials that comply with GB 6566 during construction.
4.3.2 When the radon concentration in the existing underground building is between 400 Bq/m3 and 1000 Bq/m3, it is advisable to adopt strengthening machinery within 6 months after the measurement.
Ventilation, shielding radon sources, purifying and removing radon; for radon concentrations > 1000 Bq/m3, it is advisable to adopt mechanical ventilation and shielding within 3 months.
Radon sources, purification radon removal and other radon reduction measures; when the average radon concentration still exceeds the reference level after taking the measures, block or remove radon sources
Land improvement and other permanent measures to reduce radon.
4.3.3 When the radon concentration in the local hot water development and utilization place is 800 Bq/m3 ～ 1000 Bq/m3, it should be taken within 6 months after the measurement.
Strengthening mechanical ventilation, shielding radon sources, purifying and removing radon; for radon concentrations > 1000 Bq/m3, it is advisable to take mechanical
Measures to reduce radon, such as wind, shielding radon sources, purifying and removing radon; take measures to block or remove radon sources,
Carry out permanent reduction measures such as base reconstruction.
5 Measurement of radon concentration in underground buildings and geothermal water applications
5.1 Measurement scheme
It adopts two-level measurement method of screening measurement and tracking measurement. First, a quick screening measurement was performed to determine whether the radon concentration in the place was consistent.
Meet the requirements of the reference level in this standard; for places where radon concentrations are greater than or equal to the reference level, follow-up measurements are used to confirm
recognize.
5.2 Preparation before measurement
5.2.1 Understand the basic situation of the measured place in detail before measurement, including the type, partition, use, building (production) year, building
Materials, surrounding geological background, whether relevant tests have been performed.
5.2.2 Collect the weather forecast data during the planned measurement period, and avoid measuring in high winds (wind speed > 13.4 m/s) or heavy rain.
5.3 Detection methods
Measure according to the standard measurement method in GBZ/T 182-2006.
5.4 Selection of detection points
5.4.1 Distribution principle
Choose places where the public often stays. Underground buildings, such as subway station platforms, work rooms, and corresponding work areas; underground hospitals
The first floor selects medical staff offices, patient waiting places, etc .; the underground shopping malls select counters and other corresponding work areas, etc .; other places according to actual conditions
It depends. Geothermal water development and utilization place, choose office, work room or duty room, guest room, bathing place, etc.
5.4.2 Number of points
The number of points is determined according to the area of the site and the site conditions. When the use area of the place is less than 100 m2, set 2 to 3 detection points;
When the area of the area is 100 m2 to 500 m2, 3 to 5 detection points are set. When the area of the area is > 500 m2, at least 5 detection points are set.
For places where the screening measurement result is greater than or equal to the reference level, the density of detection points can be appropriately increased. Using the alpha track detector method
In line sampling, parallel samples and blank samples are also required, and their numbers are not less than 10% and 5% of the total, respectively.
5.4.3 Detection point height
In principle, it corresponds to the height of the human breathing zone (1.5 m).
5.4.4 Distribution method
Multi-point sampling should be arranged in a diagonal or plum blossom uniformly, avoiding the vents, humidifiers and heating devices in the place, and the distance from the wall > 0.5 m.
5.5 Measuring time and frequency
5.5.1 Screening measurements
When measuring radon concentration in the development and utilization sites of underground buildings and geothermal water, it is carried out under daily conditions. Screening measurement
See Table A.1 in Appendix A for time and frequency.
5.5.2 Tracking measurement
Perform a second measurement on the place where the screening measurement result is greater than or equal to the reference level of this standard to determine whether the radon concentration in the measured place is
Whether it meets this standard. For the tracking measurement method and sampling time, see Table A.2 in Appendix A, and for the schedule of tracking measurement, see Table A.3 in Appendix A.
5.6 Evaluation of results
5.6.1 Evaluation of screening measurement results
5.6.1.1 Underground buildings. the radon concentration at each detection point is < 400 Bq/m3, and the arithmetic mean of the detection results at each point is taken as the
The detection value can determine that the radon concentration in the place meets this standard. If there is more than one point of radon concentration ≥400 Bq/m3,
Line tracking measurement.
5.6.1.2 Geothermal water development and utilization sites. The radon concentration at each detection point is less than 800 Bq/m3, and the arithmetic mean of the detection results at each point is taken
As the detection value of the place, it can be determined that the radon concentration in the place meets this standard. If there is more than one point of radon concentration ≥800 Bq/m3,
Tracking measurements are required on the site.
5.6.2 Evaluation of tracking measurement results
5.6.2.1 Underground buildings. The radon concentration is less than 400 Bq/m3 (all values). The radon concentration in this place complies with this standard. Thorium concentration ≥400 Bq/m3
(Arbitrary value), you need to find the cause and consider taking intervention or reduction measures.
5.6.2.2 The location of geothermal water development and utilization. The radon concentration is less than 800 Bq/m3 (all values), and the radon concentration in this location complies with this standard. Kano
Degree ≥800 Bq/m3 (arbitrary value), you need to find the cause and consider taking intervention or reduction measures.
AB
Appendix A
(Informative appendix)
Screening measurement and tracking measurement sampling time and frequency recommendations
A.1 Sampling time and frequency recommendations for screening measurements
The sampling time and frequency of the screening measurement are shown in Table A.1.
Table A.1 Sampling time and frequency for screening measurements
Measurement type Minimum sampling (measurement) time and frequency method
Instant measurement from 8.00 to 11.00 in the morning; ≥1 time/d for 2 consecutive days
Scintillation flask method, double filter method
Balloon method, ionization chamber method
Continuous measurement ≥2 d ～ 7 d
Continuous radon monitor
Continuous working level monitor
Cumulative measurement
≥2 d ～ 7 d
Alpha track detector method (active)
Activated carbon method
30 d ～ 90 d α track detector method (passive)
A.2 Tracking measurement methods and sampling time recommendations
The tracking measurement method and sampling time are shown in Table A.2.
Table A.2 Method and sampling time for tracking measurement
Method sampling time
Alpha track detector method (passive)
Under the condition of keeping the daily condition, sample 90 d ～ 1 a and then measure
Electret method
A.3 Timing of tracking measurements
See Table A.3. For the schedule of follow-up measurements.
Table A.3 Timing of tracking measurements
Radon concentration
Bq/m
Timeline for tracking measurements
Underground building
Geothermal water development and utilization
place
＞ 1000 Implement follow-up measurement within one month after screening measurement, and consider reducing radon concentration within months
400 ～ 1000 800 ～ 1000 Follow-up measurement within three months after screening measurement
references
[1] GB/T 14582 Standard measurement method for radon in ambient air
[2] IAEA,.2014. Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources. International Basic
Safety Standards
[3] ICRP Publication 126,.2014. Radiological Protection against Radon Exposure
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