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GB/T 30114.1-2026: Terminology for space science and application - Part 1: General
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GB/T 30114.1-2026: Terminology for space science and application - Part 1: General

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ICS 01.040.49 CCSV04 National Standards of the People's Republic of China Replaces GB/T 30114.1-2013 Space Science and its Application Terminology Part 1.Basic General Published on 2026-02-27 Implemented on June 1, 2026 State Administration for Market Regulation The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.

Table of contents

Preface III Introduction V 1.Scope 1 2 Normative References 1 3.Terminology in Space Science 1 4.Terminology for Space Science Experiments, Exploration, and Applications 6. 5.Space Science Mission Engineering Terminology 9. Reference 15 Index 16

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting. This document is Part 1 of GB/T 30114, "Terminology for Space Science and Its Applications". GB/T 30114 has already published the following parts. ---Part 1.Basic General; ---Part 2.Space Physics; ---Part 3.Space Astronomy; ---Part 4.Lunar and Planetary Science; ---Part 5.Space Life Sciences and Biotechnology; ---Part 6.Aerospace Medicine; ---Part 7.Microgravity Science. This document replaces GB/T 30114.1-2013 "Terminology for Space Science and Its Applications Part 1.Basic General" and is consistent with GB/T 30114.1- Compared to.2013, aside from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. a) The relevant content on space science terminology has been revised (see Chapter 3, Chapter 2 of the.2013 edition), and "interstellar space" has been added (see 3.3). The terms and definitions for “X-ray astronomy” (see 3.24) and “gamma-ray astronomy” (see 3.25) have been revised; the terms and definitions for “space science” (see 3.1) have also been revised. 2.1 (2013 edition), “Solar Wind” (see 3.8, 2.3.2 (2013 edition), “Upper Atmosphere Physics” (see 3.11,.2013 edition) (See version 2.6), "Space Radio Astronomy" (see 3.19, 2.14 of the.2013 edition), and "Space Submillimeter Wave Astronomy" (see 3.20). 2.15 (2013 edition), "Space Optical Astronomy" (see 3.22, 2.17 (2013 edition), "Space Physiology" (see 3.43, 2.45 (2013 edition), "Space Biotechnology" (see 3.46, 2.48 (2013 edition), "Space Pharmaceuticals" (see 3.47,.2013 edition) (See version 2.49), "Aerospace Medicine" (see 3.48, 2.50 of the.2013 edition), "Aerospace Medical Engineering" (see 3.49,.2013 edition) The definition of 2.51 has been revised; "near-Earth space" (see 2.1.2 in the.2013 edition) and "space environment science" (see.2013 edition) have been deleted. 2.8), "Space Neutrino Astronomy" (see 2.21 in the.2013 edition), "Milky Way Astronomy" (see 2.22 in the.2013 edition). "Extragalactic Astronomy" (see 2.23,.2013 edition), "Astrophysics" (see 2.25,.2013 edition), "Stellar Physics" (see...) (See 2.26 of the.2013 edition), "Planetary Physics" (see 2.27 of the.2013 edition), and "Astrometry" (see 2.28 of the.2013 edition). "Biological Astronomy" (see 2.29,.2013 edition), "Space Geodesy" (see 2.32,.2013 edition), "Space Surveying and Mapping Technology" Terms and definitions for the art (see 2.35,.2013 edition); b) The terminology for space science experiments, exploration, and applications has been changed (see Chapter 4, Chapter 3 of the.2013 edition), and the term "environmental control and..." has been changed. Life support systems (see 4.8, 3.10 of the.2013 edition), and non-regenerative life support technologies (see 4.9,.2013 edition) 3.11) "Physicochemical regenerative life support technology" (see 4.10, 3.12 in the.2013 edition), "Controlled ecological life support system" Definitions of "systematic" (see 4.11, 3.13 in the.2013 edition) and "remote sensing" (see 4.25, 3.25 in the.2013 edition) have been removed; the definition of "spatial natural" has been deleted. "Environmental monitoring" (see 3.5 in the.2013 edition), "Space natural resource exploration" (see 3.6 in the.2013 edition), "Human activity impacts on space" Terminology and definitions for "Spatial Monitoring" (see 3.7 in the.2013 edition) and "Spatial Monitoring and Prediction of Disasters" (see 3.8 in the.2013 edition); c) The engineering terminology for space science missions has been changed (see Chapter 5, Chapter 4 in the.2013 edition), and the term "high-altitude science balloon" has been added (see...). 5.2), "sounding rocket" (see 5.3), "zero-gravity aircraft" (see 5.4) terms and definitions have been revised; "experimental module" (see 5.9) has been modified. (See section 4.10 of the.2013 edition), "Experimental Units" (see section 5.10, section 4.11 of the.2013 edition), and "Experimental Materials" (see section 5.12, section 4.11 of the.2013 edition). 4.13) Definitions of “experimental sample” (see 5.13, 4.14 of the.2013 edition) and “calibration source” (see 5.41, 4.38 of the.2013 edition); The following terms have been removed. "Ocean satellites" (see 4.2 in the.2013 edition), "Meteorological satellites" (see 4.3 in the.2013 edition), and "Land satellites" (see [reference needed]). 4.4 of the.2013 edition, “Earth Environment Integrated Monitoring Satellite” (see 4.5 of the.2013 edition) terms and definitions. Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Manned Spaceflight Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC312). This document was drafted by. Center for Space Application Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Peking University; and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of High Energy Physics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science China Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tsinghua University; National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main drafters of this document are. Zhong Hongen, Jia Yanmei, Zhao Liping, Zhuang Fengyuan, Zhang Donghe, Song Liming, Kang Qi, Wu Dawei, Zuo Wei, and Long Mian. Pan Mingxiang, Liu Liang, Liu Yousheng, Zhong Qiuzhen. The release history of this document and the document it replaces is as follows. ---First published in.2013 as GB/T 30114.1-2013; ---This is the first revision.

Introduction

my country's space science and applied research began in 1970.Driven by the manned space program, it has developed into a comprehensive research field covering a wide range of disciplines. The research team is diversified, leading the nation's advanced scientific and technological innovation in cutting-edge fields. Space science research is being conducted on various spacecraft platforms. The scope of learning and application is very broad, including space life sciences and human research, microgravity physics, space astronomy and earth sciences. Space science, new space technologies and applications, etc. Practice has proven that experimental research in space science and applications involves a wide range of basic research fields and engineering. The exchange and coordination among engineering disciplines, and GB/T 30114 "Terminology for Space Science and Its Applications", have become essential for improving mission implementation efficiency and ensuring the acquisition of space. The foundation for the success of the experiment. GB/T 30114 aims to standardize terminology in space science and its applications, and to promote the development of relevant standards in the field of space science and its applications. The document outlines seven parts, including the formulation of technical documents, related scientific and technological exchanges, and engineering applications. ---Part 1.Basic General Knowledge. The purpose is to provide a unified set of knowledge for personnel engaged in space science research, development, application, and related fields. A terminology system for one. ---Part 2.Space Physics. This section primarily defines the technical terms related to the field of space physics. ---Part 3.Space Astronomy. This document focuses particularly on the definitions and explanations of technical terms related to space astronomy. ---Part 4.Lunar and Planetary Science. This section specifically standardizes the terminology used in lunar and planetary science research. definition. ---Part 5.Space Life Sciences and Biotechnology. This section specifically addresses the terminology used in the fields of space life sciences and biotechnology. It has been defined and standardized. ---Part 6.Aerospace Medicine. Standardize the definitions of professional terms in the field of aerospace medicine. ---Part 7.Microgravity Science. A series of technical terms are defined for scientific research activities in microgravity environments. This document provides a reference for the standardization of scientific and technological communication and engineering application terminology in space science research and applications, and aims to enhance international cooperation. This document provides important reference for promoting scientific and technological progress and industry standardization. It also helps to standardize the language used by scientists and engineers. It can improve communication efficiency, promote related technological progress, and facilitate industrial upgrading. Space Science and its Application Terminology Part 1.Basic General

1 Scope

This document defines the terminology for space science and its applications, as well as the terminology for space science experiments, explorations, and their applications. Space science mission engineering terminology. This document applies to the formulation of standards and the preparation of technical documents related to space science and its applications, as well as related scientific and technological exchanges and work. Application of the process.

2 Normative references

This document has no normative references. 3.Terminology of Space Science 3.1 space science Using spacecraft as the primary platform, we study physics, chemistry, and life phenomena occurring on Earth, in the Earth-Sun space, within the solar system, and even throughout the entire universe. The science of natural phenomena and their laws. Note. The main fields are space physics, space astronomy, lunar and planetary science, space life science, and microgravity science. 3.2 space Space The region outside Earth's dense atmosphere. Note. In the field of space science, this refers to the region above 100km from Earth, including the middle and upper atmosphere. 3.3 interstelarspace The region of space within a galaxy that is not occupied by stars or their planetary systems. 3.4 interplanetary space The heliosphere comprises hundreds of billions of kilometers of space surrounding the Sun and planets. 3.5 space physics The study of physical phenomena and laws occurring in the Earth-Sun space, the solar system, and interplanetary space. 3.6 heliosphere The region of space surrounding the sun reached by solar wind plasma. ...