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GB/T 18216.12-2025 English PDF

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GB/T 18216.12-2025: Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 12: Power metering and monitoring devices(PMD)
Status: Valid

GB/T 18216.12: Historical versions

Standard IDUSDBUY PDFLead-DaysStandard Title (Description)Status
GB/T 18216.12-20252114 Add to Cart 10 days Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 12: Power metering and monitoring devices(PMD) Valid
GB/T 18216.12-20101334 Add to Cart 7 days Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V a.c. and 1500 V d.c. -- Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures -- Part 12: Performances measuring and monitoring devices (PMD) Valid

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 18216.12-2025 (GB/T18216.12-2025)
Description (Translated English): Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 12: Power metering and monitoring devices(PMD)
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: N20
Classification of International Standard: 17.220.20
Word Count Estimation: 106,188
Date of Issue: 2025-01-24
Date of Implementation: 2025-08-01
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 18216.12-2025: Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 12: Power metering and monitoring devices(PMD)



---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 17.220.20 CCSN20 National Standard of the People's Republic of China Replaces GB/T 18216.12-2010 AC 1000V and DC 1500V and below Electrical safety of low voltage power distribution system Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring protective measures Part 12.Power measuring and monitoring devices (PMD) (IEC 61557-12.2021, IDT) Published on January 24, 2025, implemented on August 1, 2025 State Administration for Market Regulation The National Standardization Administration issued

Table of Contents

Preface VII Introduction IX 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3 3.1 General terms 3 3.2 Definitions related to uncertainty and performance 5 3.3 Definitions related to electrical phenomena 8 3.4 Definitions related to measurement technology 10 3.5 Symbols 10 4 Requirement 12 4.1 General requirements 12 4.2 General structure of PMD 12 4.3 Classification of PMD 12 4.4 Structure of PMD 13 4.5 List of applicable performance levels14 4.6 PMD working conditions and reference conditions 15 4.7 Starting conditions 18 4.8 PMD functional requirements 18 4.9 General Mechanical Requirements 39 4.10 Safety requirements 39 4.11 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements 40 4.12 Input and/or Output 40 5 Marking and instructions for use 42 5.1 General requirements 42 5.2 Sign 42 5.3 Instructions for use, installation and maintenance 42 6 Test 44 6.1 General requirements 44 6.2 PMD type test 44 6.3 Routine test 52 Appendix A (Informative) Applications of metrology, measurement and monitoring 53 A.1 Applications on the demand side and supply side 53 A.2 Relationship between applications, devices and standards 53 Appendix B (Informative) Definition of Electrical Parameters 55 B.1 Overview 55 B.2 Definition when there is a midline 55 B.3 Power measurement using the dual wattmeter method in a three-phase three-wire system 59 B.4 Additional relations for sinusoidal voltages 60 Appendix C (informative) Conventions for power factor symbols 61 C.1 General requirements 61 C.2 Power Factor Convention (Consumer Perspective) 61 C.3 Power Factor Convention (Producer's Perspective) 62 Appendix D (Normative) Definitions of minimum, maximum, peak and demand 63 D.1 Demand 63 D.2 Peak demand 64 D.3 Three-phase average value 64 D.4 Maximum and minimum values 64 Appendix E (Informative) Intrinsic uncertainty, operating uncertainty 65 E.1 Overview 65 E.2 Calculation of operating uncertainty 65 Appendix F (informative) Recommended sensor levels for different types of PMD 67 F.1 Comprehensive considerations 67 F.2 Implementation of active power and energy measurement by PMD in conjunction with external current sensors and/or voltage sensors Physical condition 67 F.3 List of functions affected by external sensor uncertainty 67 Appendix G (Informative) Concept of Measurement Uncertainty 69 G.1 Comprehensive considerations 69 G.2 Calculation of expanded uncertainty 69 G.3 Determination of measurement uncertainty 70 G.4 Using measurement uncertainty as a pass/fail criterion 71 Annex H (Normative) Requirements for the power measurement and monitoring function (PMF) and requirements for embedded power measurement and monitoring functions Additional requirements for equipment (EPMF) 73 H.1 Scope 73 H.2 Normative references 73 H.3 Terms, definitions and symbols 74 H.4 Requirements for PMF and additional requirements for EPMF 74 H.5 Logo and instructions for use 77 H.6 Test 78 Appendix I (Informative) Potential new requirements from the IEC 62053-2× series of standards 81 I.1 Scope81 I.2 Future requirements for active power (P) and active energy (Ea) measurements 81 I.3 Future requirements for reactive power (Q) and active energy (Er) measurements 87 References 90 Figure 1 PMD universal measurement chain 12 Figure 2 Description of different types of PMD14 Figure 3 Relationship between ambient air temperature and humidity17 Figure 4 Waveform of the test of odd harmonics affecting active power measurement 46 Figure 5 Spectral content of odd harmonics in active power measurement test 46 Figure 6 Waveform of the influence of intermediate harmonics in active power measurement 47 Figure 7 Spectral content of intermediate harmonics in active power measurement 47 Figure 8 Common mode voltage impact test 48 Figure 9 Harmonic impact test waveform of frequency measurement 49 Figure A.1 A brief overview of supply-side and demand-side measurement applications 53 Figure B.1 Arithmetic and vector apparent power in the sinusoidal case 59 Figure B.2 Three-phase circuit without neutral line 59 Figure C.1 Power factor formatting from the consumer's perspective 61 Figure C.2 Power factor convention from the producer's perspective 62 Figure D.1 Thermal current demand 63 Figure D.2 Fixed interval 64 Figure D.3 Sliding interval 64 Figure E.1 Different types of uncertainty 65 Figure E.2 Flowchart for determining operational uncertainty 66 Figure G.1 Concept of measurement uncertainty 71 Figure G.2 Overview of uncertainty test procedure 72 Figure H.1 EPMF architecture example 75 Table 1 Functional classification of PMD with minimum required functions 13 Table 2 Structure of PMD13 Table 3 List of applicable performance levels14 Table 4 Test reference conditions 15 Table 5 Rated operating temperature of portable equipment 16 Table 6 Rated operating temperature of fixed installation equipment 16 Table 7 Relative humidity and altitude working conditions 17 Table 8 Intrinsic uncertainty of active power and active energy Table 19 Table 9 Influence of active power and active energy measurement 19 Table 10 Minimum test cycle 21 Table 11 Starting current for active power and active energy measurement 21 Table 12 Intrinsic uncertainty of reactive power and reactive energy measurement Table 22 Table 13 Influence on reactive power and reactive energy measurement 22 Table 14 Minimum test cycle 23 Table 15 Starting current for reactive energy measurement 24 Table 16 Intrinsic uncertainty of apparent power and apparent energy measurement Table 24 Table 17 Influence of apparent power and apparent energy measurement 25 Table 18 Intrinsic uncertainty of frequency measurement Table 26 Table 19 Influence of frequency measurement 26 Table 20 Specified measurement range for phase current measurement 27 Table 21 Specified measurement ranges for neutral current (calculated or measured) 27 Table 22 Intrinsic uncertainty of phase current measurement Table 27 Table 23 Intrinsic uncertainty of measured neutral current Table 28 Table 24 Calculated inherent uncertainty of neutral current Table 28 Table 25 Influence on the measurement of phase current and neutral current 28 Table 26 Specified measurement range for voltage root mean square (RMS) measurement 29 Table 27 Intrinsic uncertainty of voltage root mean square (RMS) measurement Table 29 Table 28 Influence of voltage root mean square value (RMS) measurement 29 Table 29 Intrinsic uncertainty of power factor measurement Table 30 Table 30 Intrinsic uncertainty of flicker measurement Table 31 Table 31 Rated operating range for voltage sag and swell measurements 33 Table 32 Intrinsic uncertainty of voltage sag and swell measurements Table 33 Table 33 Influencing quantities for sag and swell measurements Table 34 Intrinsic uncertainty of voltage interruption measurement Table 34 Table 35 Intrinsic uncertainty of transient overvoltage measurement Table 35 Table 36 Intrinsic uncertainty of voltage unbalance measurement Table 36 Table 37 Specified measurement ranges for harmonic voltage measurement 36 Table 38 Intrinsic uncertainty of harmonic voltage measurement Table 36 Table 39 Intrinsic uncertainty of voltage THDu or THD-Ru measurement Table 37 Table 40 Intrinsic uncertainty of current unbalance measurement Table 37 Table 41 Specified measurement range for harmonic current measurement 38 Table 42 Intrinsic uncertainty of harmonic current measurement Table 38 Table 43 Intrinsic uncertainty of current THDi and THD-Ri measurement Table 38 Table 44 PMD minimum IP requirements 39 Table 45 PMD Specification Table 43 Table 46 Standardized attribute template 43 Table A.1 Main measurement applications 54 Table B.1 Symbol Definition 55 Table B.2 Calculation definition of electrical parameters 56 Table C.1 Power factor symbol convention from the consumer's perspective 61 Table C.2 Power factor sign convention from the producer's perspective 62 Table F.1 PMDSD associated with current sensor or PMDDS associated with voltage sensor or PMDSD associated with voltage and current sensor Associated PDMSS 67 Table F.2 List of functions affected by external sensor uncertainty 68 Table G.1 Correction factor C(N) for sample size N 70 Table H.1 List of devices that can be embedded in EPMF 74 Table H.2 Classification of functions with minimum required functions PMF 75 Table H.3 Structure of EPMF 76 Table H.4 Current values according to EPMF type 77 Table H.5 EPMF Specification Table 78 Table I.1 Future inherent uncertainty table 81 for active power and active energy measurements > 0.5 level Table I.2 Future inherent uncertainty table 82 for active power and active energy measurements ≤ 0.5 level Table I.3 Limits of percentage error change caused by influencing quantities for levels > 0.5 82 Table I.4 Limits of percentage error change caused by influence quantities for ≤0.5 level 84 Table I.5 Future inherent uncertainty table for reactive power and reactive energy measurements 87 Table I.6 Limits of percentage error change caused by influencing quantities 87

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting. This document is the standard for electrical safety protection measures for low voltage power distribution systems with an AC voltage of 1000V and a DC voltage of 1500V and below. Part 12 of "Test, Measuring or Monitoring Equipment". GB/T 18216 has published the following parts. --- Part 1.General requirements; --- Part 2.Insulation resistance; --- Part 3.Loop impedance; --- Part 4.Grounding resistance and equipotential grounding resistance; --- Part 5.Resistance to earth; --- Part 6.Effectiveness of residual current devices (RCD) in TT, TN and IT systems; --- Part 7.Phase sequence; --- Part 8.Insulation monitoring devices in IT systems; --- Part 9.Insulation fault location equipment in IT systems; --- Part 10.Combined measuring equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring protective measures; --- Part 11.Effectiveness of residual current monitors (RCM) in TT, TN and IT systems; --- Part 12.Power measurement and monitoring devices (PMD). This document replaces GB/T 18216.12-2010 "Electrical safety of low voltage power distribution systems with AC 1000V and DC 1500V and below" Test, measuring or monitoring equipment for protective measures Part 12.Electric quantity measuring and monitoring devices (PMD)" and GB/T 18216.12- Compared with.2010, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. --- Added requirements for power measurement and monitoring functions (PMF) in the scope and requirements for devices with embedded power measurement and monitoring functions The additional requirements for the EPMF (see Chapter 1) and the specific terms are given (see Appendix H); --- PMD-A was deleted because GB/T 39853 series of national standards mainly covers this type of device; --- Added three PMD categories and gave the minimum functional requirements for each category (see 4.3). This document is equivalent to IEC 61557-12.2021 "Electrical safety standards for low voltage power distribution systems up to 1000 V AC and 1500 V DC" Test, measuring or monitoring equipment for complete protective measures - Part 12.Electrical quantity measuring and monitoring devices (PMD)". The following minimal editorial changes were made to this document. --- Correct the sign of the total harmonic distortion rate of the root mean square value of current in 3.5.1 from "THD_R" to "THD_Ri"; ---Correct the units in Table 24, Table 32, Table 33, Table 34, Table 38, Table 39, Table 40, Table 42 and Table 43 to %. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Instruments (SAC/TC104). This document was drafted by. Zhejiang Chint IoT Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Kelu Electronics Technology Co., Ltd., State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Marketing Service Center, Heilongjiang Province Electrical Instruments Engineering Technology Research Center Co., Ltd. Company, Socomec Electric (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Sifei Electric Co., Ltd., Yantai Dongfang Weston Electric Co., Ltd. Ningbo Canaan Intelligent Electric Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Hongxing Zhilian Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao Qiancheng Technology Co., Ltd., Hualike Technology Co., Ltd., State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company Marketing Service Center, Beijing ABB Low Voltage Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd., China Southern Power Grid Digital Grid Group Co., Ltd., China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd. Ultra-high Voltage Transmission Company, Jiangsu Kaowanhong Electronics Co., Ltd., Qingdao Dingxintong Co., Ltd., Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd. Measurement Center, Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd., Huaneng Huaiyin Second Power Generation Co., Ltd. Company, Daqing Oilfield Co., Ltd. Technical Supervision Center, State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company Urban Power Supply Company, State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, China Electric Equipment Shandong Electronics Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Chentai Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Xinlian Instrument Co., Ltd., State Grid Anhui Provincial Electric Power Fuyang Power Supply Company of Power Co., Ltd., Zhongnan United Electric Co., Ltd., State Grid Digital Technology Holdings Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Shilong Electric Technology Co., Ltd. Ltd., Tianjin Dongquan Petroleum Technology Development Co., Ltd., Ningbo Jiguan Intelligent Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xi'an Qidian Energy Co., Ltd. Limited company. The main drafters of this document are. Ding Zhen, Chen Wenxin, Han Guiju, Zhang Dengqing, Cheng Yingying, Yao Wenbo, Wang Huiwu, Ye Jianhua, Xu Wenzhuan, Fu Peng, Zhang Enyou, Li Keguang, Liang Zulong, Zeng Shitu, Li Ruichao, Fan Zhen, He Ziang, Wen Caiquan, Zhu Kao, Diao Ruipeng, Pan Feng, Shen Xin, Yang Yang, Wei Liguo, Li Bo, Guo Feng, Bao Chengjia, Zhu Deliang, Wang Taofeng, Zhao Xinshi, Song Siyang, Zheng Qingyun, Han Xiao, Feng Weitong, Ma Weidong, Zhou Yi, and Liu Weizeng. This document was first published in.2010 and this is the first revision.

Introduction

IEC 60364-6 specifies the initial testing, continuous monitoring and commissioning of electrical installations in TN, TT or IT systems. In addition to specifying the general criteria for carrying out these tests, IEC 60364-6 also includes the Only in a few cases, such as when measuring insulation resistance, does IEC 60364-6 include the measurement equipment used. Circuit diagrams given as examples in IEC 60364-6 and referenced in the main body of the document are generally not applicable to Actual use. When dangerous voltages are present in electrical installations, or when equipment is used improperly or is damaged, testing can easily cause accidents. Therefore, technicians need to rely on measuring devices that ensure the safety of the measuring method in addition to simplifying the measurement. Applying the general rules for safety of electrical and electronic measuring equipment (IEC 61010-1) to perform protective measures testing is not sufficient in itself. Measurements during power installation may cause harm not only to the technicians but also to third parties due to different measurement methods. Similarly, in order to obtain an objective assessment of the equipment, for example, periodic testing, continuous insulation monitoring or In the case of performance assurance, an important prerequisite is to obtain reliable and comparable measurement results using measuring devices from different manufacturers. GB/T 18216 Test Method for Electrical Safety Protection Measures for Low Voltage Distribution Systems with AC 1000V and DC 1500V and Below The purpose of the "Testing, Measuring or Monitoring Equipment" is to provide uniform principles for compliance with the above characteristics. These principles apply to nominal voltage AC Measuring and monitoring equipment for electrical safety tests and performance tests in systems with 1000V and DC 1500V and below. GB/T 18216 It is planned to consist of 17 parts. --- Part 1.General requirements. The purpose is to establish the low voltage distribution system with nominal voltage AC 1000V and DC 1500V and below General requirements for test equipment used for measuring and monitoring electrical safety in systems. --- Part 2.Insulation resistance. The purpose is to establish the insulation resistance of equipment and electrical installation equipment in the non-excited state. Relevant requirements for resistance equipment. --- Part 3.Loop impedance. The purpose is to establish the measurement between the line conductor and the protective conductor, between the line conductor and the neutral conductor, or between the two Requirements for loop impedance equipment between line conductors. --- Part 4.Ground resistance and equipotential ground resistance. The purpose is to establish the ground conductor of the measuring equipment, the protective ground conductor and And related requirements for the resistance of equipotential bonding conductors. --- Part 5.Earth resistance. The purpose is to establish the relevant requirements for measuring equipment using AC voltage to measure earth resistance. --- Part 6.Effectiveness of residual current devices (RCD) in TT, TN and IT systems. The purpose is to establish the effectiveness of residual current devices (RCD) in TT, TN and IT systems. Requirements for measuring equipment for the effectiveness of protective measures taken by residual current devices in TN and IT systems. --- Part 7.Phase sequence. The purpose is to establish the requirements for measuring equipment used to test the phase sequence of three-phase distribution systems. --- Part 8.Insulation monitoring devices in IT systems. The purpose is to establish relevant requirements for insulation monitoring devices in IT systems. --- Part 9.Insulation fault location equipment in IT systems. The purpose is to establish the relevant About requirements. --- Part 10.Combined measuring equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring protective measures. The purpose is to establish within a device Combined measurement that combines several measurement functions or test methods that conform to the individual parts of this series of standards Equipment requirements. --- Part 11.Effectiveness of residual current monitors (RCM) in TT, ......
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