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GB 4053.1-2009: Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform - Part 1: Steel vertical ladders Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB 4053.1: Historical versions
GB 4053.1-2009: Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform - Part 1: Steel vertical ladders---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB4053.1-2009 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 13.100 C 68 Replacing GB 4053.1-1993 Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform - Part 1.Steel vertical ladders Issued on. MARCH 31, 2009 Implemented on. DECEMBER 01, 2009 Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 5 4 General requirements... 6 5 Structural requirements... 9ForewordThis Part is mandatory except Clause 3. GB 4053 “Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform” is divided into the following parts. - GB 4053.1 Steel vertical ladders; - GB 4053.2 Steel inclined ladders; - GB 4053.3 Industrial guardrails and steel platform. This Part is Part 1 of GB 4053 “Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform”. This Part is revision to GB 4053.1-1993 “Fixed steel vertical ladders”. This Part replaces GB 4053.1-1993 “Fixed steel vertical ladders”. Compared with GB 4053.1-1993, the main changes in this Part are as follows. - modified the requirements for materials; - added the provisions on load of ladder supports and their connecting parts; - added the provisions on inclination range of fixed steel vertical ladders; - modified the requirements for anti-rust and anti-corrosion; - added the requirements for lightning protection grounding; - modified the provisions on maximum height of the ladder and platform spacing; - modified the requirements that height of the cage ladder shall be set; - modified the provisions on inside clear width of ladder; - modified the provisions on rung spacing; - modified the provisions relevant to rung size; - added the requirements for rung size of the ladder used in abnormal environment; - modified the provisions on stile size; - added the size requirements for the stile used in abnormal environment; - modified the provisions on cage component size; - modified the provisions on horizontal cage hoop spacing; - added the requirements for spacing and clearance of cage poles; - added the provisions on distance between cage poles and gap between cage components; - modified the provisions on height from the cage bottom to the bottom datum plane. This Part was proposed by State Administration of Work Safety. This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Safe Production of Standardization Administration of China. Main drafting organizations of this Part. Jilin Institute of Safety Science and Technology, Changchun Industrial College, Changchun Institute of Technology. Main drafters of this Part. Xiao Jianmin, Zheng Fanying, Qu Sheng, Han Lianying, Sun Wei. Versions of standard substituted by this Part are. - GB 4053.1-1983; - GB 4053.1-1993. Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform - Part 1.Steel vertical ladders1 ScopeThis Part specifies basic safety requirements for design, manufacture and installation of steel vertical ladders. This Part is applicable to steel vertical ladders that are used in workplaces in industrial enterprises (unless otherwise specified by the standard).2 Normative referencesThe provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Part of GB 4053 through reference in this Part. For dated references, the subsequent amendments (excluding corrigendum) or revisions do not apply to this Part, however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Part are encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies. GB 4053.3, Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platform - Part 3. Industrial guardrails and steel platform GB 50057, Design Code for Protection of Structures against Lightning GB 50205, Standard for acceptance of construction quality of steel structures3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 fixed steel ladder a ladder that is permanently installed on a building or equipment, forms an angle of 75°~90° with the horizontal plane, of which the main components are made of steel (see Figure 1) 3.5 support a component that is used to fix a steel ladder to a building or equipment 3.6 handrail a component at the top of a steel ladder for climbers to hold 3.7 inside clear width the distance measured from the inside of the two stiles parallel to the rung, as ladder width for short 3.8 height of the ladder the vertical distance between the upper datum plane of a ladder and the lower datum plane, as ladder height for short4 General requirements4.1 Materials 4.1.1 The mechanical properties of the steel used in steel ladder shall not be lower than Q235-B. The carbon content shall be guaranteed. 4.2 Inclination angle of steel ladder The steel ladder shall be parallel to its fixed structural surface and as vertical as possible to the horizontal plane. When limited by conditions and it cannot be perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the inclination angle between the plane of the centerline of the two ladder beams and the horizontal plane shall be in the range of 75°~90°. 4.3 Design load 4.3.1 The design load of the stile is calculated according to 2kN of vertical concentrated live load on its upper end after assembly and fixing (the height is selected according to the distance between the supports; when there is no intermediate support, it is selected according to the distance between the fixed points). The flexural deformation in any direction shall not be more than 2mm. 4.4 Manufacture and installation 4.4.1 Steel ladders shall be welded. The welding requirements shall meet the requirements of GB 50205.When other methods are used for connection, the connection strength shall not be lower than welding. The installed ladder shall not be skewed, twisted, deformed or have other defects. 4.4.2 The manufacturing and installation process shall ensure that the surface 4.5 Anti-rust and anti-corrosion 4.5.1 The design of the fixed steel ladder shall minimize the accumulation of moisture to reduce the rust and corrosion of the ladder. 4.5.2 According to the use of steel ladder and environmental conditions, appropriate anti-rust and anti-corrosion coating shall be applied to the ladder. 4.5.3 Ladder used in the natural environment shall be coated with at least one primer and one (or multiple) topcoats. Or use hot-dip galvanizing or use equivalent metal protection methods. 4.5.4 For ladder used in continuous humid conditions, recommend to use hot- dip galvanizing, or use special coating or use corrosion-resistant materials.5 Structural requirements5.1 Support spacing 5.1.1 For steel ladders without foundation, weld at least two pairs of supports to fix the stile to structures, buildings or equipment. The vertical distance between two adjacent pairs of supports shall be determined according to the cross-sectional size of the stile, the net width of the inside of the ladder and the pull-out load characteristics of the steel structure or concrete structure. 5.2 Space around ladder 5.2.1 For ladders without cages, the vertical distance from the centerline of the rung to the nearest continuous surface of the climbing surface shall not be less than 760mm. For discontinuous obstacles, the vertical distance shall not be less than 600mm. 5.2.2 The vertical distance from the centerline of the rung to the continuous surface of the building, structure or equipment behind the ladder shall not be less than 180mm. For discontinuous obstacles, the vertical distance shall not be less than 150mm (see Figure 1). 5.3 Height of the ladder and protection requirements 5.3.1 The height of a single ladder shall not be greater than 10m. When the climbing height is greater than 10m, multi-stage ladders shall be used. Use staggered horizontal layout of the ladder. Set inter-ladder platform. The vertical spacing of the platform shall be 6m. The height of single-stage ladder and multi- stage ladder shall not be greater than 15m. 5.3.2 Cages shall be installed when the height of the ladder is greater than 3m. When the height of single-stage ladder is greater than 7m, cages shall be installed. When the climbing height is less than 7m, but the top of the ladder is greater than 7m above the ground, floor or roof, cages shall be also set. 5.4 Inside clear width 5.4.1 The inside clear width of the treading surface between the stiles shall be 400mm~600mm. The width shall be the same on the same climbing height. Due to the limitation of the working surface, when the climbing height is less than 5m, the inside clear width of the ladder can be less than 400mm, but it shall not be less than 300mm. 5.5 Rung 5.5.1 The vertical spacing of all rungs on the entire climbing height of the ladder shall be equal. The vertical distance between adjacent rungs shall be 225mm~300mm. The distance between the first step of the lower end of the ladder and the reference plane shall not be greater than 450mm (see Figure 1). 5.5.5 The rungs shall be parallel to each other and set horizontally. 5.5.6 When there is a foreseeable risk of slipping due to environmental conditions, additional anti-skid measures shall be taken on the rung. 5.6 Stile 5.6.1 The surface shape of the stile shall be such that it can provide the user with a consistent smooth grip surface over the entire climbing height. Stiles with irregular cross-sections (such as large angle steel, I-beam) that are inconvenient to grip with hands shall not be used. The stile shall maintain the same shape at the same climbing height. 5.6.2 For ladders used in normal environment, the stile shall use flat steel not less than 60mm×10mm, or other solid or hollow steel with equivalent strength. 5.6.3 For ladders used in abnormal environment (such as humidity or corrosion), the stile shall use flat steel not less than 60mm×12mm, or other solid or hollow steel with equivalent strength. 5.6.4 The cross-sectional dimensions of the stile shall be consistent across the same climbing length of the ladder. The allowable slenderness ratio shall not be greater than 200. 5.7 Cage 5.7.1 The cage shall adopt a circular structure. It shall include a set of horizontal cage hoops and at least 5 poles (see Figure 3). Other equivalent structures can also be used. mm 5.7.3 The cage shall be able to support the predetermined live load and constant load of the ladder. 5.7.4 The inner depth of the cage shall not be less than 650mm from the centerline of the rung and not more than 800mm. The diameter of the round cage shall be 650mm~800mm. The inner width of other forms of cages shall be no less than 650mm and no more than 800mm. There shall be no protrusions on the inside of the cage (see Figure 3). 5.7.5 The vertical spacing of horizontal cage hoops shall not be greater than 1500mm. The spacing between the poles shall not be greater than 300mm, evenly distributed. The maximum gap formed by each component of the cage shall not be greater than 0.4m2. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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