GB/T 338: Historical versions
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Basic data
Standard ID: GB/T 338-2025 (GB/T338-2025)
Description (Translated English): Methanol for industrial use
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: G16
Classification of International Standard: 71.080.60
Date of Issue: 2025-10-31
Date of Implementation: 2026-05-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB/T 338-2011
GB 338-2011: [GB/T 338-2011] Methanol for industrial use
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
[GB/T 338-2011] Methanol for industrial use
ICS 71.080.60
G16
National Standards of People's Republic of China
GB 338-2004
Industrial methanol
Published on.2011-12-05
2012-08-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Foreword
6.1 of this standard is mandatory and the rest are recommended.
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 338-2004 "Industrial Methanol". Compared with GB 338-2004, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Modified the preparation method of the standard colorimetric solution used in the potassium permanganate time test (see 4.7, 4.4 of.2004 edition);
--- Added the correction formula for the full immersion thermometer reading and the mercury barometer reading in the boiling range determination method (see Appendix C);
--- Revised the test method for determination of ethanol content (see 4.14, Appendix D, 4.11 of.2004 edition);
--- Revised the factory inspection project (see 5.1, 5.1 of the.2004 edition).
This standard uses the redrafting method to modify the American Society for Testing and Materials Standards ASTM D1152..2006 "Methanol." This standard and
ASTMD1152.2006 has more structural adjustments. Appendix A lists the standard chapter number and ASTM D1152.
A checklist of the.2006 chapter numbering. The technical differences between this standard and ASTM D1152.2006 and their reasons are as follows.
--- Indicators are divided into superior products, first-class products and qualified products (see 3.2). This is determined based on the grading guidelines for industrial products in China;
--- Increased water miscibility projects, ethanol content projects (see 3.2). This is to strictly control the quality of the product;
--- Excellent grades such as chroma, boiling range, acid or alkali are better than ASTM D1152.2006 (see 3.2);
--- In addition to the sulfuric acid washing test method using the method specified in ASTM D1152.2006, all other test methods are adopted by me.
National Standard for National Product Test Methods (see Chapter 4).
This standard was proposed by the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Chemical Standardization Technical Committee Organic Chemicals Branch (SAC/TC63/SC2).
This standard was drafted. Sinopec Sichuan Vinylon Factory.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. Shanghai Coking Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Yulin Natural Gas Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Thorpe (Group)
Limited company, Daqing Oilfield Chemical Co., Ltd. methanol branch, Zhejiang Jinju Chemical Co., Ltd. and Guizhou Yihua Chemical Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Yan Hong, Pu Lijun, Li Bin, Yan Li, Zhou Bing, Lu Jiayun, Zeng Yan, Yan Xiaoxia, Wang Shumei, Ge Lixin, Zhang Xueyong,
Lan Yuandong, Yang Hongmei.
The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are.
---GB 338-1964, GB 338-1976, GB 338-1985, GB 338-1992, GB 338-2004.
Industrial methanol
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules and marking, packaging, transportation, storage and safety of industrial methanol.
This standard applies to industrial methanol synthesized from coal, natural gas, light oil and heavy oil.
Molecular formula. CH4O
Relative molecular mass. 32.042 (according to.2007 international relative atomic mass)
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 190 dangerous goods packaging mark
Preparation of GB/T 601 chemical reagent standard titration solution
Preparation of preparations and products used in GB/T 603 chemical reagent test method (GB/T 603-2002, ISO 6353-1. 1982,
NEQ)
GB/T 3143 Liquid chemical product color determination method (Hazen unit - platinum-cobalt color number)
General rules for the determination of medium density and relative density of GB/T 4472 chemical products
GB/T 6283 Determination of moisture content in chemical products - Karl Fischer method (general method) (GB/T 6283-2008,
ISO 760.1978, NEQ)
GB/T 6324.1 Test methods for organic chemical products - Part 1
GB/T 6324.2 Test methods for organic chemical products - Part 2. Determination of dry residue after evaporation on a volatile organic liquid water bath
(GB/T 6324.2-2004, ISO 759.1981, MOD)
GB/T 6324.3-2011 Test methods for organic chemical products - Part 3
GB/T 6324.5-2008 Test methods for organic chemical products - Part 5. Hydroxide content in organic chemical products
Determination
General rules for sampling GB/T 6678 chemical products
GB/T 6680 Liquid Chemical Product Sampling General
GB/T 6682 Analytical laboratory water specifications and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696.1987, MOD)
GB/T 7534 Determination of boiling range of volatile organic liquids for industrial use (GB/T 7534-2004, ISO 4626. 1980, MOD)
GB/T 8170 Numerical Rounding Rules and Representation and Determination of Limit Values
GB/T 9722 chemical reagent gas chromatography general rule
3 requirements
3.1 traits. colorless transparent liquid, no odor, no visible impurities.
3.2 Industrial methanol should meet the technical requirements shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Technical requirements
project
index
First-class quality products
Chromaticity, Hazen unit (platinum-cobalt color number) ≤ 5 10
Density, ρ20/(g/cm3) 0.791~0.792 0.791~0.793
Boiling range a (0 ° C, 101.3 kPa)/° C ≤ 0.8 1.0 1.5
Potassium permanganate test/min ≥ 50 30 20
The water miscibility test passes the test (1 3) through the test (1 9) -
Water, w/% ≤ 0.10 0.15 0.20
Acid (in terms of HCOOH), w/% ≤
Or alkali (in terms of NH3), w/% ≤
0.0015
0.0002
0.0030
0.0008
0.0050
0.0015
Carbonyl compound (in terms of HCHO), w/% ≤ 0.002 0.005 0.010
Evaporation residue, w/% ≤ 0.001 0.003 0.005
Sulfuric acid washing test, Hazen unit (platinum-cobalt color number) ≤ 50 -
Ethanol, w/% ≤ negotiation between the supplier and the buyer -
Note. See Appendix B when you need to calculate the mass fraction of methanol.
a Includes 64.6 ° C ± 0.1 ° C.
4 Test methods
4.1 Warning
Some of the procedures specified in the test methods may result in hazardous conditions and the operator should take appropriate safety and protective measures.
4.2 General provisions
Unless otherwise stated, only analytically pure reagents and tertiary water in accordance with GB/T 6682 were used in the analysis.
The standard titration solutions, preparations and products used in the analysis are prepared according to GB/T 601 and GB/T 603 when no other requirements are specified.
4.3 Determination of traits
In a plug colorimetric tube, add a sample and sensory detection in a fluorescent lamp or daylight.
4.4 Determination of chromaticity
According to the method specified in GB/T 3143.
4.5 Determination of density
According to the pycnometer method specified in GB/T 4472. Other test methods that meet the analytical requirements can also be used. At 15 ° C ~
The temperature correction coefficient of the sample density in the range of 35 ° C is 0.00093 g/(cm 3 · ° C).
The arithmetic mean of the results of two parallel determinations is taken as the report result. The absolute difference between the results of two parallel measurements is not greater than
0.0005g/cm3.
4.6 Determination of boiling range
According to the method specified in GB/T 7534. The distillation flask is 100 mL; the indication range of the thermometer is 50 ° C ~ 70 ° C, the division value
It is 0.1 °C. See Appendix C for calibration of full immersion thermometers and mercury pressure gauges.
4.7 Potassium Permanganate Test
According to the provisions of the visual colorimetric method in GB/T 6324.3-2011. The amount of the sample is 50 mL; the amount of potassium permanganate solution added
It is 2 mL; the temperature is controlled at 15 °C ± 0.5 °C; the colorimetric mode is lateral observation.
4.8 Water miscibility test
According to the method specified in GB/T 6324.1. The ratio of the selected sample to water miscible is. 1 3 (excellent), 1 9 (one
And so on).
4.9 Determination of moisture
According to the provisions of GB/T 6283.
The arithmetic mean of the results of two parallel determinations was taken as the measurement result. The absolute difference between the two parallel determination results is not more than 0.01%.
4.10 Determination of acid or alkali content
4.10.1 Method summary
The sample is diluted with carbon dioxide-free water, using bromine thymol blue as an indicator. When the sample is acidic, the solution is titrated with sodium hydroxide.
The free acid is titrated and the sample is alkaline. The free base is titrated with a standard titration solution of sulfuric acid.
4.10.2 Reagents
4.10.2.1 Sodium hydroxide standard titration solution. c (NaOH) = 0.01 mol/L.
4.10.2.2 Sulfuric acid standard titration solution. c (12H2SO4
) = 0.01 mol/L.
4.10.2.3 Bromine thymol blue indicator solution. 1g/L.
4.10.2.4 Water without carbon dioxide.
4.10.3 Instrument
Burette. 10mL, the scale is 0.05mL.
4.10.4 Analysis steps
4.10.4.1 The sample is diluted with an equal volume of carbon dioxide-free water, and 4 to 5 drops of bromine thymol blue indicator solution are added to determine the acid in yellow;
The base is measured in blue.
4.10.4.2 Take 50mL of carbon dioxide-free water, inject into a 250mL flask, add 4~5 drops of bromothymol blue indicator solution. Determination
For free acid, titrate with sodium hydroxide standard titration solution until the solution is light blue, add 50mL sample with 50mL cylinder, and then use hydrogen peroxide
The sodium standard titration solution is titrated until the solution changes from yellow to light blue, and the end point is maintained for 30 seconds without fading. When measuring free base, use sulfuric acid
The quasi-titration solution is titrated, and the solution changes from blue to yellow, and the end point is maintained for 30 seconds without fading.
4.10.5 Calculation of results
The mass fraction w1 of the acid in terms of formic acid (HCOOH), the value is expressed in %; the mass fraction of the base in ammonia (NH3) is w2, the value is in %
Representation; calculated according to equations (1) and (2), respectively.
W1=
(V1/1000) c1M1
Vρt
×100 (1)
W2=
(V2/1000) c2M2
Vρt
×100 (2)
In the formula.
The volume of V1 --- sodium hydroxide standard titration solution (4.10.2.1), the unit is milliliter (mL);
C1 --- sodium hydroxide standard titration solution concentration of the exact value, the unit is mol per liter (mol/L);
M1---the value of the molar mass of formic acid in grams per mole (g/mol) (M1 = 46.03);
Tt--the density of the methanol sample at the temperature t, in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3);
V2 --- the value of the volume of the standard titration solution of sulfuric acid (4.10.2.2), in milliliters (mL);
C2 --- sulfuric acid standard titration solution concentration of the exact value, the unit is moles per liter (mol/L);
M2 - the molar mass of ammonia, in grams per mole (g/mol) (M2 = 17.03);
V --- The value of the volume of the sample in units of soar (mL) (V = 50).
The calculation result is retained to the fourth decimal place.
The arithmetic mean of the results of two parallel determinations is taken as the report result. The absolute difference between the two parallel determination results is not greater than the two determinations
30% of the arithmetic mean of the values.
4.11 Determination of carbonyl content
According to the method specified in 4.2 of GB/T 6324.5-2008. The wavelength is 430 nm. Carbonyl compound
(HCHO) meter's mass fraction w3, the value is expressed in %, calculated according to formula (3).
W3=
(m1-m2)×10-6
m × 100
(3)
In the formula.
M1---the value of the mass of formaldehyde found on the standard curve corresponding to the absorbance of the sample, in micrograms (μg);
M1---the value of the mass of formaldehyde found on the standard curve corresponding to the blank absorbance, in micrograms (μg);
m --- The value of the mass of the sample in grams (g).
4.12 Determination of evaporation residue content
According to the provisions of GB/T 6324.2.
The arithmetic mean of the results of two parallel determinations is taken as the report result. The absolute difference between the results of two parallel determinations is not more than 0.0003%.
4.13 sulfuric acid washing test
4.13.1 Method summary
Under certain conditions, the sample was mixed with sulfuric acid, and the mixture was compared with a platinum-cobalt standard colorimetric solution for visual colorimetry.
4.13.2 Reagents
4.13.2.1 Sulfuric acid.
4.13.2.2 Platinum-cobalt standard colorimetric solution. Prepared according to GB/T 3143.
4.13.3 Instruments
4.13.3.1 Colorimetric tube. 50mL.
4.13.3.2 Burette. equipped with a Teflon cock, 25 mL.
4.13.4 Analysis steps
4.13.4.1 The glassware used in the test shall not contain substances that develop color with sulfuric acid. Wash the glass instrument with potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid wash.
It is then washed with water and dried with clean air.
4.13.4.2 Take 30mL sample in a 125mL flask, place it on a magnetic stirrer, stir, add 25mL sulfuric acid at a constant rate, add sulfuric acid
The inlet time was 5 min ± 0.5 min, placed at room temperature for 15 min ± 0.5 min, and transferred into a colorimetric tube. Take another colorimetric tube and add 50mL
Platinum-cobalt standard colorimetric solution; axial colorimetric 50mm~150mm above white or mirror background.
4.14 Determination of ethanol content
Perform in accordance with the method specified in Appendix D.
5 Inspection rules
5.1 The items listed in this standard are type inspection items, in which the color, density, boiling range, potassium permanganate test, moisture and acid (or alkali) are manufactured.
Test items. At least once a month, the type inspection is carried out under normal production conditions. Type inspection should be performed when one of the following conditions is encountered.
a) update key production processes;
b) there are changes in the main raw materials;
c) resume production after production stoppage;
d) The factory inspection result is quite different from the previous type inspection result;
e) Contractual provisions.
5.2 Industrial methanol shall be inspected by the quality inspection department, and the manufacturer shall ensure that the industrial methanol used in the factory meets the requirements of this standard. Each
The factory-used industrial methanol should be accompanied by a quality certificate, including. manufacturer name, product name, production date or batch number, product quality
Quantity level and this standard number.
5.3 Under the conditions of constant raw materials and processes, the actual batch of continuous production of the product is a batch; however, several batches constitute an inspection lot.
The time is usually no more than a week.
5.4 Sampling shall be carried out according to the provisions of GB/T 6678 and GB/T 6680 at normal temperature for flowing fluids. The total amount of samples shall not be less than 2L.
After thoroughly mixing the sample, it is dispensed into two dry and clean glass bottles with a grinder, one for analytical testing and one for inspection.
Inspection.
5.5 The judgment of the test results shall be carried out according to the comparison method of the repair value in GB/T 8170. If one of the test results does not meet the requirements of this standard,
Re-sampling and inspection from twice the number of packaging units, the canned products should be re-sampled and inspected again, and the result of re-inspection is even one
If the indicator does not meet the requirements of this standard, the whole batch of products is unqualified.
6 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
6.1 Industrial methanol product packaging containers should be coated with a strong mark, including. manufacturer name, product name, this standard number
And the "flammable liquid" and "toxic substances" signs specified in GB 190.
6.2 Industrial methanol should be packaged in clean and dry containers, and the packaging container should be tightly sealed.
6.3 Industrial methanol transportation shall comply with the relevant provisions on the transportation of hazardous chemicals.
6.4 Industrial methanol should be stored in a dry, ventilated, cool place, avoiding sun exposure and isolating heat sources and fires.
7 security
7.1 Hazard warning. Methanol is a colorless flammable liquid with a flash point of 8 ° C and an auto-ignition temperature of 436 ° C. Methanol vapor is explosive in the air.
The volume fraction is 6% to 36.5%. Methanol vapor has a stimulating effect on the nervous system and can cause blindness and poisoning when inhaled into the human body. After accidental service
Drunk, headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, severe blindness, and even death.
7.2 Safety measures. Rinse immediately with water when the methanol overflows. In the event of fire, use sand, foam fire extinguishers, asbestos cloth, etc. to save. Should be avoided
Methanol is in contact with the skin. If it is splashed on the skin and eyes, rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention. After accidental use, use 1%~2%
Sodium bicarbonate gastric lavage treatment. At the same time, in order to prevent the metabolism of methanol, in 3d~4d, every 2h, the average is 0.5mL per kilogram of body weight.
Quantity, drink 50% food grade ethanol solution.
Appendix A
(informative appendix)
This standard chapter number is compared with the ASTM D1152.2006 chapter number
Table A.1 gives a list of the numbering of this standard chapter number and ASTM D1152.2006 chapter number.
Table A.1 The standard chapter number is compared with the ASTM D1152.2006 chapter number
This standard chapter number corresponds to the ASTM D1152 chapter number
twenty two
5 -
5.4 4
7 -
Appendix B
(normative appendix)
Calculation of the mass fraction of methanol
B.1 Calculation of methanol mass fraction
The mass fraction w of methanol, expressed as %, calculated according to formula (B.1).
w=100-∑wi-w water (B.1)
In the formula.
∑wi---the sum of the mass fractions of each impurity component in methanol;
w water---the mass fraction of water in methanol measured by 4.9.
The calculation result is retained to the first decimal place.
Appendix C
(informative appendix)
Correction calculation of full immersion thermometer and mercury pressure gauge
C.1 Full immersion thermometer reading correction
The full immersion thermometer reading correction value Δt1 is corrected according to formula (C.1).
Δt1=0.00016×h (t main-t auxiliary) (C.1)
In the formula.
h --- The main thermometer mercury column exposes the height of the plug part, in degrees Celsius (°C);
t main --- the value of the reading of the main thermometer, the unit is Celsius ( ° C);
t auxiliary --- the value of the auxiliary thermometer reading, in degrees Celsius (°C).
C.2 Mercury barometer reading correction
The mercury barometer reading correction value p is corrected according to the formula (C.2).
p=pr1-α-β1 αt×
÷t × (1......
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